Vector

Vector
1.A vector is a quantity that has both magnitude and direction Eg; velocity, force, displacement, and electric field intensity 2. Arrow represent direction and length of the line represent magnitude

Components of vector
The vector joining the origin and point P is called position vector
=4 +3

is unit vector in X direction is unit vector in y direction 4 is x direction component of 3 is y direction component of =

y P (4,3) 3m 5m

4m

is x direction component of

is y direction component of

Vector in space

To represent any vector in space three axis three axis x ,y , z are needed So the vector in space have three components

A =

Point P is represented by the co-ordinate value (3,4,5) The vector joining origin and point P is position vector The position vector of point P is useful in defining its position in space

A =
=

 If A+B and A-B

and

find

To find the vector, joining the two point

(2,3,5)

3,5,7

If vector

then magnitude of vector B is

The unit vector in the direction of B vector is

Vector Multiplication

Two type of Multiplication

Dot Product The dot product of two vectors A and B is defined as the product of the magnitudes of A and B and the cosine of the angle between them.

CROSS PRODUCT The cross product of two vectors A and B is defined as the product of the magnitudes of A and B and the sine of the angle between them.

If

and

Type of coordinate system used to represent vector

1.Cartesian (or rectangular) co-ordinate system 2.Cylindrical co-ordinate system 3 Spherical polar co-ordinate system
1.Cartesian (or rectangular) co-ordinate system (x,y,z)

Cylindrical co-ordinate systemPosition of the Point is represented by the coordinates

and

The position vector

is represented as

Cylindrical coordinate to Cartesian coordinates

Cartesian coordinates to Cylindrical coordinate

Cartesian vector component to Cylindrical vector component

Cylindrical vector component to Cartesian vector component

Spherical coordinate system Position of the Point is represented by the coordinates , and

The position vector

is represented as

Cartesian coordinates to spherical coordinates

Spherical coordinate to Cartesian coordinates

Cartesian vector component to spherical vector component

Spherical vector component to Cartesian vector component

DIFFERENTIAL LENGTH, AREA, AND VOLUME Differential length

Differential Area

Differential Volume

Cylindrical Coordinate System

Differential length

Differential Area

Differential Volume

Spherical Coordinate System

Differential length

Differential Area

Differential Volume