Interaction of cells with the environment

Unit Outline:
What is outside the cell and how do cells communicate with whats out there?

How do cells interact with their external environment?

How do cells interact with each other?

Extracellular space

Extracellular space
basal surface of ectodermal cell of chick embryo

apical surface of epithelial cell from intestinal lining

Extracellular matrix
basement membrane between blood vessels of glomerus and renal tubules

collagen

epidermis pulled away from basement membrane

Extracellular matrix

Extracellular matrix
Proteins of ECM - collagen

Extracellular matrix
Proteins of ECM - proteoglycans

Extracellular matrix

Proteins of ECM - fibronectin

Extracellular matrix

collagen

Proteins of ECM - laminin

laminin

Interaction of cells with ECM

INTEGRINS

inactive

Interaction of cells with ECM

INTEGRINS
ligands have RGD motif

differentiation motility growth survival

functions of outside-in signals

Interaction of cells with ECM

FOCAL ADHESIONS

FA

Interaction of cells with ECM

FOCAL ADHESION S

Interaction of cells with ECM

HEMIDESMOSOMES

Interaction of cells with ECM

Interaction of cells with cells

CELL ADHESION MOLECULES

Interaction of cells with cells

CELL ADHESION MOLECULES

Interaction of cells with cells

CELL ADHESION MOLECULES

Interaction of cells with ECM and other cells

CELL ADHESION MOLECULES VS ECM ATTACHMENT MOLECULES

vocabulary
extracellular space extracellular matrix basement membrane glycocalyx collagen fibronectin proteoglycan GAG chains laminin inside-out signaling outside-in signaling focal adhesion focal adhesion kinase (FAK) actin keratin talin vinculin actinin hemidesmosome cell adhesion molecule selectin lectin Immunoglobulin superfamily cadherin tight junction adherins junction desmosome gap junction

Extracellular Matrix

Unit Learning Goals:

the extracellular space:
a. discuss the concept that the physical interactions between cells and their extracellular environment is highly specific as a result of molecular interactions between molecules on the cell with molecules in the matrix between cells and molecules on neighboring cells b. describe the molecular components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and discuss the cellular processes regulated by interactions between cells and their extracellular environment

interaction of cells with ECM:

a. compare the structure, function and signaling activity of integrins and true ECM proteins like collagen, laminin, and proteoglycans b. comapre the structure and functions of molecular structures formed at the site of attachment of cells to an artificial substrate (focal adhesion) and to the basement membrane (hemidesmosome)

interaction of cells with other cells:

a. describe the general class of proteins mediating interactions between cells (cell adhesion molecules) using specific examples b. compare the functions of cell adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix attachment molecules c. discuss why insoluble solutes, whch cannot freely diffuse through the plasma membrane, also cannot pass freely between cells of an epithelial layer, and what would happen to tissues of they could

d. compare tight junctions, adherins junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions in terms of structure, function and the type of cells in which they are found e. draw, in cross section, two neighboring epithelial cells and illustrate the relative location and general structure of adherins junctions, desmosomes, tight junctions and gap junctions