Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Chapter 7
Student Objectives
Explain
the main functions of the gastrointestinal system. Identify the main organs and accessory organs. Explain the role of the liver and gallbladder in digestion.
Student Objectives
Identify
combining forms, suffixes, and prefixes related to the GI system. Discuss pathology related to the GI system. Identify diagnostic, symptomatic, and therapeutic terms related to the GI system. Identify abbreviations and pharmacology related to the GI system.
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Anatomy/Physiology
Responsible
for the intake, digestion of food, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of solid waste. Alimentary Canal (GI tract) Aliment/o - to nourish
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glands
pancreas
Oral Cavity
Mouth Teech
(bucca, tongue)
Teeth
Maxillary
dent/i
Oral Cavity
Palate,
bolus
Pharynx Uvula Esophagus
Epiglottis
Esophagus
Gullet chyme
cardiac,
Stomach
Body,
Fundus
Body
Small Intestine
small
valve
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Large Intestine
Large
Colon
Sigmoid
Rectum
Anus
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Liver - hepat/o
Functions
production of bile glucose - glycogen storage of vitamins, B12, A, D, E, K erythrocytolysis (pigment released eliminated in bile called bilirubin) bilirubin gives stool its characteristic dark color removes toxins from blood manufactures blood proteins
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Pancreas
internal
- endocrine function
insulin glucogon
external
- exocrine function
Gallbladder
pear-shaped
sac under the liver chol/e means bile or gall cyst/o means cyst or sac gallbladder contracts forcing bile out cystic duct into common bile duct.
Bile
is a digestive juice- emulsifier acts on fat in a way that lipid enzymes can digest fat travels via hepatic duct to cystic duct to gall bladder, where stored bile consists of water, bile salts, cholesterol, and bilirubin (a colored substance resulting from breakdown of hemoglobin) bilirubin gives bile yellow or orange color Health Sciences Department, Rogers State University
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bile
juices
completed in small intestine chyme mixed with bile and pancreatic juices emulsification absorption
Large Intestine
receive
fluid waste products and store until released from body. excess water absorbed feces, stools defecation, or bowel movement
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Pathology - Ulcers
Gastric
Pathology - Hernias
Diaphragmatic
Hiatal,
Bowel Obstructions
Volvulus
Hemorrhoids
Internal
External Hemorrhoidectomy
Liver Disorders
Yellow
Diverticulosis
Diverticulitis
obstipation diverticulectomy
Oncology
Neoplasn
bulimia
flatus
gastroesophageal
reflux disease
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Abbreviations
Ac
bid hs
qd
qh q2h
NPO
pc, PO PRN qam,
qid
qod qpm, stat
pp
qn
qm
tid
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Diagnostic Abbreviations
ABC
alk Ba
GB
GTT IVCPUD
phos
BaE
Dx EGD FBS
SGOT
UGI
Other Abbreviations
BM
GERD GI
IV
LLQ LUQ
HAV
HBV IBS
PE
PMH RUQ