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Agenda
QoS Models Differentiated Model Features Modular QoS CLI (MQC) MPLS QoS Sample Examples
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QoS Models
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No state
Per-flow state
Best Effort
IntServ / RSVP
1. The original IP service 2. First efforts at IP QoS 3. Seeking simplicity and scale 4. Bandwidth Optimization & e2e SLAs ((IntServ+DiffServ+ Traffic Engineering))
2001 Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Integrated Model
Application requests a specific kind of QoS service, through explicit signaling.
Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) is used by applications to signal their QoS requirements to the router. Complex to use. Difficult to support with a large number of RSVP connections, due to: the amount of state information required for every flow. the amount of control traffic
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Differentiated Model
Qos is provided by differential treatment to each packet or class of packets. No explicit signaling from the application. This model is appropriate for aggregate flows. Coarse grain, not strict QoS (no guarantees).
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Voice
Gold
Application Traffic E-mail, Web Browsing Voice
Guaranteed Delivery
Bronze
2001 Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Differentiated Model
Classification/ Marking policy Drop policy Scheduling policy
Switching Fabric
rx queue tx queue tx hw
recv hw
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Agenda
QoS Models Differentiated Model Features Modular QoS CLI (MQC) MPLS QoS Sample Examples
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The component of a QoS feature that recognizes and distinguishes between different traffic streams Without classification, all packets are treated the same
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IP Precedence
DSCP
Unused Bits;
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Agenda
QoS Models Differentiated Model Features Modular QoS CLI (MQC) MPLS QoS Sample Examples
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policy-map policy-map-name
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Agenda
QoS Models Differentiated Model Features Modular QoS CLI (MQC) MPLS Quality of Service Sample Examples
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MPLS QoS
ATM-LSR
Conventional Router
Note: End to end service is IP; therefore, IP class of service is what MPLS must support
2001 Cisco Systems, Inc.
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MPLS QoS
ISP Customer
2) Match IP Prec/DSCP; Set MPLS EXP. Rate-limit/Police and apply drop policy MPLS
Core
3) Invoke QoS Policy Action Based on Edge Classification (based on MPLS EXP), e.g. LLQ, CBWFQ, Drop Policy Low Priority via WRED if rate limit exceeded
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MPLS QoS
Differentiated Model approach: Set IP precedence or MPLS Exp bit at the edge of the network WRED by MPLS Exp, and WFQ by class in the core
Because MPLS is there primarily to transport IP, MPLSs primary QoS goal is to support existing IP QoS models
Because MPLS is there to support very large scale operations, MPLS should also be capable of supporting Diff-Serv in the future
2001 Cisco Systems, Inc.
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MPLS QoS
0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Label | EXP |S| TTL | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Prec: xyz
2001 Cisco Systems, Inc.
Prec: xyz
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EF
1 0 1 1 1 0
DSCP
CU
AFxy
x x x y y 0
Class
Drop Precedence
CU
AF Class = 1, 2, 3, 4
2001 Cisco Systems, Inc.
Drop Precedence = 2, 4, 6
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E-LSP
AF1 EF
E-LSPs can be established by various label binding protocols (LDP or RSVP) Example above illustrates support of EF and AF1 on single E-LSP
Note: EF and AF1 packets travel on single LSP (single label) but are enqueued in different queues (different EXP values)
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L-LSPs
L-LSPs can be established by various label binding protocols (LDP or RSVP) Example above illustrates support of EF and AF1 on separate L-LSPs
EF and AF1 packets travel on separate LSPs and are enqueued in different queues (different label values)
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DSCP
1) identify incoming packets BA looking at incoming DSCP 2) pick the LSP/label which supports the right FEC and the right BA 3) mark the EXP field to reflect the packets BA
2001 Cisco Systems, Inc.
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MPLS QoS
On non-ATM LSRs, MPLS-QoS is simple Copy or Map IP precedence to MPLS exp field Exact same mechanism as IP-QoS Net result is end-to-end QoS indistinguishable from non-MPLS (IP) network
2001 Cisco Systems, Inc.
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MPLS QoS
MPLS QoS on ATM-LSRs
Two Challenges:
No WRED in switches No EXP field in header
Solution Modes:
ATM Forum PVC Multi VC (LSP)
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PVC
Looks like packet interface to MPLS QoS BW and other parameters configured on the PVC Requires significant amount of configuration
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Agenda
QoS Models Differentiated Model Features Modular QoS CLI (MQC) MPLS Class of Service Examples
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Examples
MPLS Network
PE 2 PE 3
CE 1 P3 PE 1 PE 4
CE 4
CE 2 PE 5
CE 3
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Examples
! Matching voice traffic from customer 1 Pe1(config)# class-map match-all cus1_voice Pe1(config-cmap)# match interface POS1/0 Pe1(config-cmap)# match ip precedence 4 Pe1(config-cmap)# end ! Matching voice traffic from customer 2 Pe1(config)# class-map match-all cus2_voice Pe1(config-cmap)# match interface POS1/1 Pe1(config-cmap)# match ip precedence 5 Pe1(config-cmap)# end ! Matching any e2e traffic Pe1(config)# class-map erp Pe1(config-cmap)# match ip precedence 2 Pe1(config-cmap)# end
2001 Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Examples
Pe1(config)# class-map isp_voice Pe1(config-cmap)# match mpls experimental 4 Pe1(config-cmap)# end Pe1(config)# class-map isp_erp Pe1(config-cmap)# match mpls experimental 2 Pe1(config-cmap)# end Pe1(config)# class-map isp_routine Pe1(config-cmap)# match mpls experimental 1 Pe1(config-cmap)# end
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Examples
! Input Policy for setting experimental 4, 2, 1
Pe1(config)# policy-map pe1_input Pe1(config-pmap)# class cus1_voice Pe1(config-pmap-c)# set mpls experimental 4 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# exit Pe1(config-pmap)# class cus2_voice Pe1(config-pmap-c)# set mpls experimental 4 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# exit Pe1(config-pmap)# class erp Pe1(config-pmap-c)# set mpls experimental 2 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# exit Pe1(config-pmap)# class class-default Pe1(config-pmap-c)# set mpls experimental 1 Pe1(config-pmap)# exit
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Examples
! Output Policy for configuring bandwidth, queue
Pe1(config)# policy-map policy pe1_output Pe1(config-pmap)# class isp_voice Pe1(config-pmap-c)# priority 100 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# exit Pe1(config-pmap)# class isp_erp Pe1(config-pmap-c)# bandwidth 50 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# queue-limit 30 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# exit Pe1(config-pmap)# class class-default Pe1(config-pmap-c)# bandwidth 20 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# queue-limit 100 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# exit Pe1(config-pmap)# exit
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Examples
Pe1(config)# interface POS1/0 Pe1(config-if)# service-policy input pe1_input Pe1(config)# interface POS1/1 Pe1(config-if)# service-policy input pe1_input Pe1(config)# interface POS2/0 Pe1(config-if)# service-policy output pe1_output
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Examples
MPLS Network
PE 2 PE 3
CE 1
PE 1 LC-ATM
LSC1
CE 4 PE 4
ATM Core
CE 2 PE 5
CE 3
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Examples
Pe1(config)# ATM1/0 Pe1(config-if)# no ip address Pe1(config-if)# atm clock INTERNAL Pe1(config-if)# no atm ilmi-keepalive Pe1(config-if)# exit Pe1(config)# interface ATM1/0.1 tag-switching Pe1(config-if)# ip unnumbered loopback0 Pe1(config-if)# tag-switching multi-vc Pe1(config-if)# tag-switching atm vpi 2-5 Pe1(config-if)# tag-switching ip ! Sets up 3 LVCs. Pe1(config)# cos-map 1 Pe1(config-mpls-cos-map)# class 3 standard Pe1(config-mpls-cos-map)# exit
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Examples
! Matching voice traffic from customer 1 Pe1(config)# class-map match-all cus1_voice Pe1(config-cmap)# match interface POS1/0 Pe1(config-cmap)# match ip precedence 4 Pe1(config-cmap)# end ! Matching voice traffic from customer 2 Pe1(config)# class-map match-all cus2_voice Pe1(config-cmap)# match interface POS1/1 Pe1(config-cmap)# match ip precedence 5 Pe1(config-cmap)# end ! Matching any e2e traffic Pe1(config)# class-map erp Pe1(config-cmap)# match ip precedence 2 Pe1(config-cmap)# end
2001 Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Examples
P! Input Policy for setting experimental 2, 1, 0 e1(config)# policy-map pe1_input Pe1(config-pmap)# class cus1_voice Pe1(config-pmap-c)# set mpls experimental 2 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# exit Pe1(config-pmap)# class cus2_voice Pe1(config-pmap-c)# set mpls experimental 2 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# exit Pe1(config-pmap)# class erp Pe1(config-pmap-c)# set mpls experimental 1 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# exit Pe1(config-pmap)# class class-default Pe1(config-pmap-c)# set mpls experimental 0 Pe1(config-pmap)# exit Pe1(config)# class-map isp_voice Pe1(config-cmap)# match mpls experimental 2 Pe1(config-cmap)# end
2001 Cisco Systems, Inc.
! ERP data
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Examples
Pe1(config)# class-map isp_erp Pe1(config-cmap)# match mpls experimental 1 Pe1(config-cmap)# end Pe1(config)# class-map isp_available Pe1(config-cmap)# match mpls experimental 0 Pe1(config-cmap)# end ! Output Policy for configuring bandwidth, queue Pe1(config)# policy-map policy pe1_output Pe1(config-pmap)# class isp_voice Pe1(config-pmap-c)# priority 100
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Examples
Pe1(config-pmap-c)# exit Pe1(config-pmap)# class isp_erp Pe1(config-pmap-c)# bandwidth 50 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# queue-limit 30 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# exit Pe1(config-pmap)# class isp_available Pe1(config-pmap-c)# bandwidth 20 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# queue-limit 100 Pe1(config-pmap-c)# exit Pe1(config-pmap)# exit
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Examples
LSC1
Interface XTagATM11 extended-port ATM3/0 bpx 1.1 tag-switching atm vpi 2-15 tag-switching atm cos available 20 tag-switching atm cos standard 30 tag-switching atm cos premium 50 tag-switching ip Interface XTagATM12 extended-port ATM3/0 bpx 1.2 tag-switching atm vpi 2-15 tag-switching atm cos available 20 tag-switching atm cos standard 30 tag-switching atm cos premium 50 tag-switching ip
2001 Cisco Systems, Inc.
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Thank You!
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