ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

S T E P H E N P. R O B B I N S
WWW.PRENHALL.COM/ROBBINS T E N T H E D I T I O N

2003 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved.

PowerPoint Presentation by Charlie Cook

OBJECTIVES LEARNING

AFTER STUDYING THIS CHAPTER, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

1. Define the key biographical characteristics.
2. Identify two types of ability. 3. Shape the behavior of others. 4. Distinguish between the four schedules of reinforcement. 5. Clarify the role of punishment in learning. 6. Practice self-management 7. Exhibit effective discipline skills.

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Biographical Characteristics

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Ability

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Dimensions of Intellectual Ability

Number aptitude Verbal comprehension Perceptual speed Inductive reasoning Deductive reasoning Spatial visualization Memory
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Physical Ability

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Nine Physical Abilities

Strength Factors
Dynamic strength Trunk strength Static strength Explosive strength

Flexibility Factors
Extent flexibility Dynamic flexibility

Other Factors
Body coordination Balance Stamina
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The Ability-Job Fit

Employees Abilities

Ability-Job Fit

Jobs Ability Requirements

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Learning

Learning Involves change Is relatively permanent Is acquired through experience

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Theories of Learning

Key Concepts Unconditioned stimulus

Unconditioned response
Conditioned response
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Theories of Learning (contd)

Key Concepts Reflexive (unlearned) behavior

Conditioned (learned) behavior

Reinforcement
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Theories of Learning (contd)

Key Concepts
Attention processes Retention processes

Motor reproduction processes

Reinforcement processes
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Theories of Learning (contd)

Key Concepts Reinforcement is required to change behavior. Some rewards are more effective than others. The timing of reinforcement affects learning speed and permanence.
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Schedules of Reinforcement

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Schedules of Reinforcement (contd)

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Schedules of Reinforcement

Fixed-ratio

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Intermittent Schedules of Reinforcement

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Intermittent Schedules of Reinforcement (contd)

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Behavior Modification

Problem-solving Model Identify critical behaviors Develop baseline data Identify behavioral consequences Apply intervention Evaluate performance improvement
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OB MOD Organizational Applications

Well Pay versus Sick Pay
Reduce absenteeism by rewarding attendance, not absence.

Employee Discipline
The use of punishment can be counter-productive.

Developing Training Programs

OB MOD methods improve training effectiveness.

Self-management
Reduces the need for external management control.

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