LOGO

EENG 541 Project: 180-Hybrid Coupler

Prepared by / Ahmed Mahfouz Marzouk

Presented to/ Dr. Amr Safwat

Outline:
INTRODUCTION. PROBLEM. METHODOLOGY

Wilkinson-Power-Divider based Design. Phase reversal Design using CPW Inverter Compact Folded Line Artificial Transmission Lines Using Left-Handed Materials

CONCLUSION. REFERENCES.

Introduction:
The 180 hybrid is a 4 port network widely used in RF and Microwave Circuits Applications:

Balanced Mixers. Balanced Amplifiers. Power Multipliers / Dividers Antenna Feeding Networks

Introduction:
Advantages over 3-port lossless balun:
In-phase and Out-of-phase power splitting while maintaining: Port-to-Port Isolation Ports Matching

Balanced Circuits require HYBRID RINGS

Introduction:
The 180 hybrid is a 4 port network widely used in RF and Microwave Circuits Applications[2]:

Balanced Mixers. Balanced Amplifiers. Antenna Feeding Networks Power Multipliers / Dividers

Implementation: rat-race hybrid as the most popular way.

PROBLEM:
The 180-Hybrid Limitations:

Compactness Bandwidth

THE 270 SECTION

The resulting 1.5 is often large especially in MMIC app. The 270-section has the largest phase variation versus frequency, since the phase variation is proportional to the line length (/ )

Methodology:[1]
Novel Hybrid derived from WILKINSON Power Divider (WPD). Transmission Line Model of the Novel hybrid:

Methodology:[1]
The resistor replacement with a 4th port of an equal characteristic impedance MAIN ADVANTAGE: Reduced Size compared to conventional Rat-Race Hybrid

Methodology[2]:
PHASE REVERSAL Method

270-section replacement with a -90 section. The -90-section realization: A 90 Microstrip line. A Co-Planar Waveguide phase inverter.

Methodology[3]:
Compact Folded Line Configurations:

Rat-Race Configuration using folded line geometry:

Methodology[3]:
Compact Folded Line Configurations:

Rat-Race Configuration using folded line geometry: Design Equations: (Using Even-Odd Analysis for single CSection Rat-Race Hybrid) :

Methodology[3]:
Compact Folded Line Configurations:

Rat-Race Configuration using folded line geomtry: Design Equations: (Using Even-Odd Analysis for single CSection Rat-Race Hybrid) :

Result

Methodology:
Artificial Transmission Lines (ATLs) [4]:

270-section replacement with a -90 section. The -90-section realization: Left-Handed material: realizing an artificial lumpedelement TL section.

Methodology:
Artificial Transmission Lines (ATLs) [4]:

270-section replacement with a -90 section. The -90-section realization: Left-Handed material: realizing an artificial lumpedelement TL section.

Methodology:
Artificial Transmission Lines (ATLs) [4]:

270-section replacement with a -90 section. The -90-section realization: Left-Handed material: realizing an artificial lumpedelement TL section.

Conclusion:
180 hybrids are still to be optimized Rat-Race Implementation of a 180 hybrid is a challenging in PCB technology. Problem: BW and Size especially the (3 /4) section. Solutions:

WPD-based Design [1] Using CPW Phase Inverter [2] ATL Section [4] Folded Line Configuration[3][5]

REFERENCES
1. Ning Yang, Caloz, C., & Ke Wu. (2010). Broadband compact 180 hybrid derived from the wilkinson divider. Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on, 58(4), 1030-1037. 2. Eccleston, K. W., & Ong, S. H. M. (2003). Compact planar microstripline branch-line and rat-race couplers. Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on, 51(10), 2119-2125. 3. Kongpop U-yen, Wollack, E. J., Papapolymerou, J., & Laskar, J. (2008). A broadband planar magic-T using MicrostripSlotline transitions. Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on, 56(1), 172-177. 4. Mo, T. T., Xue, Q., & Chan, C. H. (2007). A broadband compact microstrip rat-race hybrid using a novel CPW inverter. Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on, 55(1), 161-167. 5. Okabe, H., Caloz, C., & Itoh, T. (2004). A compact enhanced-bandwidth hybrid ring using an artificial lumped-element left-handed transmission-line section.Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on, 52(3), 798-804. 6. Chun-Hsien Lien, Chi-Hsueh Wang, Chin-Shen Lin, Pei-Si Wu, Kun-You Lin, & Huei Wang. (2009). Analysis and design of reduced-size marchand rat-race hybrid for millimeter-wave compact balanced mixers in 130-nm CMOS process. Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on, 57(8), 1966-1977. 7. Settaluri, R. K., Sundberg, G., Weisshaar, A., & Tripathi, V. K. (2000). Compact folded line rat-race hybrid couplers. Microwave and Guided Wave Letters, IEEE, 10(2), 61-63.

Thank You Questions?

LOGO

Paper 1: Affiliation
Ning Yang, Member, IEEE, Christophe Caloz, Fellow, IEEE, and Ke Wu, Fellow, IEEE.

University: The cole Poly-technique de Montral; The Polytechnical School of Montreal.

Paper 1 Broadband Compact 180 Hybrid Derived From the Wilkinson Divider