Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Quantitative Approach
Laili Rahayuwati Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Padjadjaran
Research Definition
Researchable >< managable Research is scientific process of inquiry that involves purposeful, systematic and rigorous collection of data Research aim is for developing an organized body of scientific knowledge
Qualitative Review
Philosophical underpinnings: constructivism Inductive logic Data are represented textually or pictorially Associated terms: grounded theory, ethnography, case studies, purposive sampling, categorical vs. contextualizing strategies, trustworthiness, credibility
Quantitative Characteristics
Philosophical underpinnings: positivism/postpositivism (singular reality; objective; deductive) Deductive logic Data are represented numerically Associated terms: survey research, probability and non probability sampling, experimental and quasiexperimental Designs: descriptive and inferential statistics
APPROACH
DATA COLLECTION APPROACH Structured Response Categories Provided RESEARCHER INDEPENDENCE Researcher uninvolved Observer. Results are objective
SAMPLES
Large samples to Produce Generalization Results (Results that Apply to Other Situations)
Quantitative Research
Asks specific, narrow questions, collects quantifiable data from participants (a large number of participants); analyzes these numbers using statistics; and conducts the inquiry in an unbiased, objective manner.
Quantitative Research
Dasar teori: variabel sebagai obyek (definisi operasional), validitas, reliabilitas terukur. Membangung fakta, hubungan antar variabel, menaksir, maramalkan hasil Disain: sturuktur, baku, formal, spesifik. Data: kuantitatif, skala pengukuran terukur Sampel Teknik pengumpulan data
Contoh
Hubungan antara typhoid dan handwashing
Populasi
Random
E+ (Terpapar) D+ (Sakit)
Population
Cases (Sakit)
E+ (Terpapar)
E- (Tidak terpapar))
E+ (Terpapar)
E- (Tidak terpapar)
Retrospective nature
Population (D-)
E+
E-
D+
D-
D+
D-
Cohort Study
Longitudinal Study/Follow up Study
Exposure
Follow up
Disease
Prevalence Proportion PP E = (a/a+b) x 100 PPE = (c/(c+d) x 100 Prevalence Ratio PR = PP E/ PPE Prevalence Odd Ratio POR = ad/bc Prevalence Difference PD = PP E - PPE`