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Voice over IP (VoIP) chops-up your voice into small chunks. 1. Sends these small chunks as packets over the Internet (IP). 2. The far-end plays back the IP packets back into voice. Some general notes The quality of VoIP depends on the compression method (CODEC) and the network conditions. It ranges from toll quality to Cell Phone
What Is VOIP?
VoIP Gateway
VoIP Gateway
IP Network Internet
Circuit Switched Networks Packet Switched Networks - fixed allocation of - no allocation of bandwidth bandwidth - fixed size of channels - flexible use of (64 kbps) bandwidth PSTN/ISDN- Network IP/ATM/FR- Networks
Circuit Switching
Phone 1
Switch
Phone 3
Switch
Switch
Phone 2
Traffic between Phone 1 and Phone 4
Phone 4
Packet Switching
PC Client 1
Router
Server a
Router
Router
PC Client 2
Server b
VoIP PC-to-PC
VoIP PC
VoIP PC
or IP-Phone
or IP-Phone
calls from the (cheaper) data network can be forwarded at the PSTN
VoIP PC-to-Phone
VoIP PC
IP-Network
PSTN-Network
MG
PSTNTelephone
VoIP Phone-to-Phone
IP-Network
MG
PSTN-Network
MG
PSTN-Network
PSTN Telephone
PSTN Telephone
Gatekeeper
centralized control of call set up and release
supplementary functionality: - address resolution - control of bandwidth resources - charging Features: - knocking - to act as a broker - etc.
VoIP Gatekeeper
Gatekeeper
VoIP PC
VoIP PC
short distances
high-speed network elements (Router, Switches) necessary bandwidth must be available Solutions: I) Over Provisioning II) QoS-Mechanisms (IntServ, DiffServ, MPLS)
1,25
Volume
0,75
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49
Time
1 0,75
Volume
0,5 0,25
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Time
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