Sec06 Radiation

SECTION 6 RADIATION
NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation
S6-1
PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

1x1x0.1 plate kx=204.0 Btu/hr/(ft*R) for aluminum FE model using 1 plate element (CQUAD4) Applied heat flux of 442.0 Btu/hr/ft2 for 3 surface orientations (0.0 and 60.0 degrees) Radiation to surroundings at 0.0 degrees Fahrenheit Run SS analyses to determine equilibrium temperatures Post process Examine .f06 acsii results file Problem based on MSC.Nastran Thermal Analysis Users Guide, Example 4b
S6-2
Objective: modeling directional solar heat flux loads, and the plate is at radiative equilibrium Note: the picture on the left displays the directional heat load in the - Y direction.
S6-3
Note: the surface lies in the X-Z Plane, and the mesh density(one shell element) corresponds to Global Edge Length equal to 1.0
S6-4
Create thermal properties for solid material aluminum
S6-5
Create element properties for the single shell element

Material: alum Thickness = 0.1
S6-6
Create radiation LBC for radiation to ambient temperature

Emissivity = 1.0 Absorptivity = 1.0 Ambient temperature = 0.0 F View factor = 1.0 AR: Surface 1; has associated single shell element
S6-7
Create LBC applied heat with specified direction

Absorptivity = 1.0 Heat flux = 442.0 Btu/hr/ft**2 Vector = <0,-1,0> AR: Surface 1
S6-8
Run analysis Analysis: Analyze/Entire Model/ Full Run Solution Type

Steady State Solution Parameters
Radiation Parameters
S6-9
Angle is 0 degree from normal
Flux direction is zero degrees from normal to plate; flux direction vector is <0,-1,0>. The temperature is constant at 282 F. This result agrees with that for Example 4b in the MSC.NastranThermal Analysis Users Guide.
S6-10

0 0 SUBCASE 1 LOAD STEP =
Extract from MSC.Nastran ASCII Results File

1.00000E+00 T E M P E R A T U R E V E C T O R ID+5 VALUE MSC/NASTRAN
POINT ID.
TYPE ID VALUE ID+1 VALUE ID+2 VALUE ID+3 VALUE ID+4 VALUE 1 S 2.819614E+02 2.819614E+02 2.819614E+02 2.819614E+02 0.0 1 MSC/NASTRAN JOB CREATED ON 08-JUL-98 AT 10:04:05 JULY 8, 1998 12/11/96 PAGE 10 DEFAULT 0 SUBCASE 1 LOAD STEP = 1.00000E+00 H E A T ELEMENT-ID 6.195068E-03 SUBCASE 1 APPLIED-LOAD 1 F L O W I N T O H B D Y E L E M E N T S (CHBDY)
FREE-CONVECTION FORCED-CONVECTION RADIATION 4.420000E+02 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00
TOTAL -4.419938E+02
It is seen that the temperature is 281.96 F.

The output from each CHBDYG element reflect the direction heat load of 442 Btu/hr and the emitted radiation -441.99 to space at zero degree F
S6-11

PSHELL 1 1 .1 CQUAD4 1 1 1 2 4 3 Extracted MAT4 1 204. $ Nodes of the Entire Model GRID 1 0. 0. 0. GRID 2 0. 0. 1. GRID 3 1. 0. 0. GRID 4 1. 0. 1. $ Loads for Load Case : Default $ Fixed Temperatures of Load Set : radbc SPC 1 5 1 0. $ Directional Heat Flux of Load Set : qvect QVECT 2 442. 0. -1. 0. + B 1 $ Radiation Boundary Conditions of Load Set : radbc RADBC 5 1. 0 1 $ Initial Temperatures from Temperature Load Sets TEMP 1 5 0. $ Default Initial Temperature TEMPD 1 100. $ CHBDYG Surface Elements CHBDYG 1 AREA4 1 + C 1 2 4 3 $ Radiation Material Properties RADM 1 1. 1. $ Scalar Points SPOINT 5 $ Referenced Coordinate Frames ENDDATA
from MSC.Nastran model .DAT file
S6-12
QVECT specification in bulk data
Extracted from MSC.Nastran model .DAT file

QVECT, SID, Q0, TSOUR,CE,E1 , E2, E3, CNTRLND,+
,EID1,EID2 QVECT,2,442.,,,0.,-1.,0.,,+ +,1
S6-13
Change the angle from zero degrees from normal(vector <0,-1,0>) to 60 degrees from normal. The direction cosines for 60 degrees is (0.866025,-0.5,0.0) for (E1,E2,E3)
Can then modify the QVECT bulk data entry QVECT,2,442.,,,0.866025,0.5,0.
S6-14
EXERCISES
Perform Workshop 12 Radiation to space in the exercise workbook Perform Workshop 13 Directional Heat Loads in the exercise workbook.
S6-15
PROJECT 8 SINGLE CAVITY ENCLOSURE RADIATION
Three 1x1x0.1m plates are disposed along the basic X-axis at 1m intervals, another plate is off to one side.
Each plate is represented by one CQUAD4 element
The left-most plate is held at 2000.0 degs K,and the ambient space temperature is at 0 deg K The material for all CQUAD4s is aluminum (k = 204.0 W/m/K) Perform a SS analysis to determine the equilibrium temperatures of the plates Review the .DAT, .F06, and .PCH files Based on Exercise 5a in the MSC.Nastran Thermal Analysis Users Guide
S6-16

Create first surface. It is in the YZ plane. Copy the first surface created two times by transforming it using the vector <1 0 0>. Create the final surface, Surface 4, parallel to the XY plane.
S6-17

Display the normal for the surfaces. The normal for Surface 1:3 is in the positive X-direction. The normal for Surface 4 is in the positive Z-direction.
S6-18
Change the direction of the normal for the surface at the right of the surfaces, Surface 3.
S6-19
IsoMesh all surfaces with one CQUAD4 element per surface.

Surface List: Surface 1:4 GEL: 1.0
S6-20
Create isotropic material properties for the solid plates.

Aluminum K = 204.0 Watts/m/K
S6-21
Create 2D shell element properties

Aluminum Thickness = 0.1 m AR: Surface 1:4
S6-22
Apply constant temperature to left plate, Surface 1.

2000 degrees K AR: Surface 1
S6-23
Create radiation LBC using an enclosure

Surface option: Top Surface can be shaded, yes Enclosure ID: 10 End surfaces, Surface 1,3,4
S6-24
Create another radiation LBC using an enclosure

Surface option: Top Surface can shade, yes Enclosure ID: 10 Middle surface, Surface 2
S6-25
Create another radiation LBC using an enclosure

Surface option: Bottom Surface can shade, yes Enclosure ID: 10 Middle surface, Surface 2
S6-26
Run analysis Analysis: Analyze/Entire Model/ Full Run Solution Type

Steady State Solution Parameters
Radiation Parameters
S6-27
The hottest plate is at the left at 2000 degrees K. The coldest plate is at the right at 773 degrees K.
S6-28

$ Radiation Enclosures of Load Set : top RADCAV 10 0. 0 VIEW3D* 10 4 4 * B .1 1.-10 .01 VIEW 1 10 KBSHD $ Radiation Enclosures of Load Set : middle_top VIEW 2 10 KSHD $ Radiation Enclosures of Load Set : middle_bottom VIEW 3 10 KSHD RADSET 10
4 3
S6-29

CHBDYG 1 AREA4 1 + C + C 1 2 4 CHBDYG 2 AREA4 1 + D + D 9 10 12 CHBDYG 3 AREA4 1 + E + E 13 14 16 CHBDYG 4 AREA4 1 1 + F + F 5 6 8 $ Radiation Material Properties RADM 1 1. 1 3 1
11 1
15 2 7
S6-30

0 *** VIEW FACTOR MODULE *** OUTPUT DATA *** CAVITY ID = ELEMENT TO ELEMENT VIEW FACTORS C* AI*FIJ FIJ ERROR 6.84135E-02 4.08547E-02 1.97750E-01 0.00000E+00 1.99944E-01 2.40799E-01 4.08547E-02 1.97750E-01 1.99944E-01 2.40799E-01 1.31841E-02 1.16713E-02 1.31841E-02 1.16713E-02 1.05052E-01 2.11616E-01 2.11616E-01 6.84135E-02 4.08547E-02 1.97750E-01 0.00000E+00 1.99944E-01 2.40799E-01 4.08547E-02 1.97750E-01 1.99944E-01 2.40799E-01 1.31841E-02 1.16713E-02 1.31841E-02 1.16713E-02 1.05052E-01 2.11616E-01 2.11616E-01 10 *** PARTIAL SHADING ERROR NO NO NO NO NO YES
SURF-I
SURF-J
AREA-I
SCALE
1 2 1 3 1 -4 1 2 1 -4 1 -SUM OF 2 3 2 4 2 4 2 -SUM OF 3 4 3 4 3 -4 3 -4 3 -SUM OF 4 -SUM OF -4 -SUM OF
1.0000E+00 1.0000E+00 1.0000E+00 1.0000E+00 1.0000E+00
7.3895E-02 6.6278E-02 2.5529E-01 0/256
1.0000E+00 1.0000E+00 1.0000E+00
6.6278E-02 2.5529E-01
NO NO
NO YES
1.0000E+00 1.0000E+00 1.0000E+00 1.0000E+00
2.0133E-02 2.0133E-02
YES YES
NO NO
S6-31

0 SUBCASE 1 LOAD STEP =
1.00000E+00 T E M P E R A T U R E V E C T O R ID+2 VALUE 2.000000E+03 ID+3 VALUE 2.000000E+03
POINT ID. TYPE ID VALUE ID+4 VALUE ID+5 VALUE 1 S 2.000000E+03 1.132229E+03 1.132229E+03 7 S 1.132229E+03 7.732046E+02 7.732046E+02 13 S 9.168311E+02
ID+1 VALUE 2.000000E+03
1.132229E+03
9.168311E+02
7.732046E+02
9.168311E+02
7.732046E+02
9.168311E+02
S6-32

Sec06 Radiation

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SECTION 6 RADIATION

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

Create thermal properties for solid material aluminum

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

Create element properties for the single shell element

Material: alum Thickness = 0.1

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

Create radiation LBC for radiation to ambient temperature

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

Create LBC applied heat with specified direction

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

Run analysis Analysis: Analyze/Entire Model/ Full Run Solution Type

Steady State Solution Parameters

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

Angle is 0 degree from normal

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

Extract from MSC.Nastran ASCII Results File

FREE-CONVECTION FORCED-CONVECTION RADIATION 4.420000E+02 0.000000E+00 0.000000E+00

It is seen that the temperature is 281.96 F.

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

from MSC.Nastran model .DAT file

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

QVECT specification in bulk data

Extracted from MSC.Nastran model .DAT file

,EID1,EID2 QVECT,2,442.,,,0.,-1.,0.,,+ +,1

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 7 DIRECTIONAL HEAT LOADS

Can then modify the QVECT bulk data entry QVECT,2,442.,,,0.866025,0.5,0.

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 8 SINGLE CAVITY ENCLOSURE RADIATION

Each plate is represented by one CQUAD4 element

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 8 SINGLE CAVITY ENCLOSURE RADIATION

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 8 SINGLE CAVITY ENCLOSURE RADIATION

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 8 SINGLE CAVITY ENCLOSURE RADIATION

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 8 SINGLE CAVITY ENCLOSURE RADIATION

IsoMesh all surfaces with one CQUAD4 element per surface.

Surface List: Surface 1:4 GEL: 1.0

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 8 SINGLE CAVITY ENCLOSURE RADIATION

Create isotropic material properties for the solid plates.

Aluminum K = 204.0 Watts/m/K

NAS104, Section 6, March 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

PROJECT 8 SINGLE CAVITY ENCLOSURE RADIATION