Collective Bargaining

Meaning, concept, Historical introduction & Purpose

PRESENTED BY: VIVEK KUMAR KUNDAN KUMAR PRINCE PRATAP SINGH

Meaning
The word Collective Bargaining is made up of two words- Collective which implies group action through its representatives and Bargaining which suggests negotiation. The term Collective Bargaining typically refers to the negotiation, administration and interpretation of written agreement between two parties that covers a specific period of time.

Definition
According to Edwin B. Flippo , Collective Bargaining is a process in which the representatives of labour organization and the representatives of business organization meet and attempt to negotiate a contract or agreement, which specifies the nature of employee and employer union relationship. Collective Bargaining is a technique by which dispute as to conditions of employment, are resolved amicably, by agreement, rather than by coercion.

Concept
A type of negotiation used by employees to work with their employers. Workers' representatives approach the employer He attempts to negotiate a contract which both sides can agree with

Cont.

Concept

The workers are collectively organised in a trade union which negotiates on their behalf with the management. The object of Collective Bargaining is to include a Collective Agreement. Typical issues covered in the agreement are hours, wages, benefits, working conditions, and the rules of the workplace.

Historical Introduction
CB lie in Great Britain where it developed in response to the conditions created by the Industrial Revolution Term "collective bargaining" was first used in 1891 by Sydney and Beatrice Webb. Initially, the negotiations were carried out at plant level By early 1900, industry and national level agreements became quite common. The idea spread across to France, Germany, and USA.

Indian Scenario

Originated in India during post-First world war period. In 1917, Gandhiji - as the leader of the Ahmedabad textile workers advocated the resolution of conflict through Collective Bargaining agreements. But the idea gathered interest only after the Second World War.

Indian Scenario
The trade union movement and also CB agreements became popular after Indian independence. Law made by government of India for collective Bargaining is Industrial Disputes Act 1947. Introduced in India for the first time in 1952. After 1977 the CB has taken a positive approach.

Purpose
The main objectives of collective bargaining are as follows: 1. To settle disputes/conflicts relating to wages and working conditions 2. To protect the interests of workers through collective action. 3. To resolve the differences between workers and management through voluntary negotiations and arrive at a consensus. 4. To avoid third party intervention and restrict to bipartite negotiations in matters relating to conditions employment.

Conditions For Successful Collective Bargaining

Trade Union Recognition

Observance of Agreements
Support of Labor Administration Authorities

Good Faith
Proper Internal Communication

conclusion

Collective bargaining is the beginning of industrial jurisprudence. It is a method of enforcing citizenship right in industry i.e. management rules and decision.