DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION ANDRA PRADESH

Name of the Staff Designation Branch Institute Subject : Y.Venkat Reddy : Sr. Lecturer : Packaging Technology : J.N.G.P. Ramanthapur, Hyd : Drug & Pharmaceutical Packaging

Subject Code
Topic Sub topic Duration Teaching Aid

: PKG.503
: Introduction to Drug Packaging : Preparation of Dosage form : 100 minutes : PPT, Animations & Photographs
Pkg503.5 TO 6 1

Recap
In the last class we have learnt
The Concept Classification of Pharmaceuticals.

Preparation of Tablets.

Pkg503.5 TO 6

Objectives:
On the completion of the topic the student will able to understand

The Concept of Various Dosages Preparations

Pkg503.5 TO 6

Capsules:
A capsule is a hard or soft ,water soluble that contains a powder or liquid. Hard Gelatin Soft Gelatin

Pkg503.5 TO 6

Hard Gelatin Capsules

Empty Capsule Storage Controlled temperature and humidity Too moist capsules become tacky Too dry capsules become brittle and change dimensions 30 to 45% R.M. ideal
Pkg503.5 TO 6 5

Operations Rectify the capsule Separate body from cap Fill the body Replace the cap

Capsule Filling Machine

Hand Operated Semi-automatic Fully automatic

Pkg503.5 TO 6

6 Capsule Pkg503.5 fillingTO machine

Suppositories

Rectal Non rectal

Pkg503.5 TO 6

Liquids
Emulsions Suspensions Oral liquids

Pkg503.5 TO 6

Nasal, Inhalant, Ophthalmic, Otic liquids

Pkg503.5 TO 6

10

Parenterals and IV fluids

The parenteral routes are the principal routes for the systemic delivery of drugs.

Pkg503.5 TO 6

11

Lozenzes
Having sugar base, much harder than tablets Do not require much mechanical protection

Pills
Replaced by tablets Similar packaging to Tablets

Pkg503.5 TO 6

12

Gel
A semisolid emulsion or suspension

Contains a gelling agent in sufficient quantities to

impart a 3-dimensional, cross-linked matrix Provides a cooling sensation when applied to the skin Usually translucent and non-greasy

Pkg503.5 TO 6

13

Paste
A semisolid suspension

Contains a large proportion (i.e., 20-50%) of solids finely

dispersed in an aqueous or fatty vehicle

Opaque, viscous, greasy to mildly greasy

Adheres well to the skin, forming a protective layer

Pkg503.5 TO 6

14

Lotion
A liquid emulsion Generally contains a water-based vehicle with > 50% of volatiles Has sufficiently low viscosity that it may be poured Opaque and non-greasy Tends to evaporate rapidly with a cooling sensation when applied to the skin
Pkg503.5 TO 6 15

Ointments
Topical Opthalmic

A semisolid emulsion or suspension

Generally contains > 50% of hydrocarbons or

PEGs as the vehicle and < 20% of volatiles

Opaque or translucent, viscous, greasy Tends not to evaporate or be absorbed when applied to the skin
Pkg503.5 TO 6 16

Cream
A semisolid emulsion or suspension Generally contains < 50% of hydrocarbons or PEGs as the vehicle and/or > 20% of volatiles Opaque, viscous, non-greasy to mildly greasy Tends to mostly evaporate or be absorbed when applied to the skin Can be hydrophilic or lipophilic
Pkg503.5 TO 6 17

Summary
We have learnt

Capsules:
A capsule is a hard or soft ,water soluble that contains a powder or liquid. These are of Hard Gelatin Or Soft Gelatin.

Pkg503.5 TO 6

18

Summary
Various medications available are Syrups, Tablets, Capsules,

Pkg503.5 TO 6

19

 Lotions ,
Ointments,

Creams,
Gels, paste , Lozenzes, liquids , Parenterals

Pkg503.5 TO 6

20

Quiz
1. A Capsule is a a) Hard Gelatin b) Soft Gelatin c) a and b of above d) either a or b of above

Pkg503.5 TO 6

21

Quiz
2. Liquid medications are a) Emulsions b) Suspensions c) Oral liquids d) Lozenzes e) All of the above

Pkg503.5 TO 6

22

Frequently asked Questions

1. 2. 3. How the capsules are filled and sealed ? Explain the preparation of various dosage forms . What are the various types of medications available.

Pkg503.5 TO 6

23