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An organism is generally referred to any living thing. More specifically any thing that has cells. This includes the smallest of organisms, the single celled bacteria, all the way to the largest redwood tree or Blue Whale.
For Example
These organisms have been classified by their color.
Green
Red
ARE
YOU
READY!
B A C D
Animals
A
????
Our modern classification system originated with two main classifications, plants and animals. Over the years, scientist came up with certain plants that really did not act like plants, they couldnt make their own food. So the kingdom Fungi was formed.
When microscopes were invented, scientist discovered new single celled organisms. Some were animal-like, some were plant like and some were both. This lead to the creation of the Kingdom Protista.
As the microscope improved, scientist discovered that many of the single celled organisms were quite different. Some of them had a nucleus and others did not. This lead to the Kingdom Monera, the kingdom of the most simplistic organisms.
Humans, birds and fish were considered to be blooded, while insects and mollusks were considered to be bloodless. Aristotles system may seem crude by todays standards, but for his time, it was extremely imaginative.
When you want to learn about the mating habits of the Blue Swallow Butterfly, where do you find your information.
It is for this reason that a classification system is necessary. It is a tool that allows scientist to study similar organisms to learn more about how certain organisms work and function.
For example; if you wanted to find information on a new organism that you just discovered, you could look at organisms with similar traits and could come up with some good ideas as to what it eats, mating habits, or any other pertinent information you might want to find.
Linnaeus used the Latin language because that was the language that was dominate around the world at that time. This is why even today organisms scientific names are always in Latin.
Along with the two major Kingdoms, Plant and Animal, Linnaeus came up with several sub-classifications for those kingdoms. They are: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order Family, Genus, and Species.
What Kingdom are you in?
What phylum are you in? Why?
When you refer to an organism scientifically, you always use the genus and the specie names. Therefore, the human species would be referred to as:
Homo sapien
Conclusion
The classification system for organisms have been around for a long time. It has endured several changes and is quite complex. Without it modern biology could not exist, much in the same way that a grocery store would go out of business if it did not have a classification system.