LiDAR- Why Do We need it?

Benefits of Having High Resolution LiDAR Data

September 16th, 2009 GIS in The Rockies
Presented by: Jamie Young General Manager LiDAR services

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

LiDAR
Light Detection And Ranging

Aerial sensor Collects/scans data, either photons (reflected light) or laser pulses

Aerial GPS (Global Positioning System) Based on GPS satellite triangulation, measures the location of the aircraft up to 0.1 second.

IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) Measures attitude (pitch/yaw/roll) of aircraft every .002 second.

Ground GPS Measures the location of the aircraft up to 0.1 second relative to a known ground position

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

LiDAR Collection
Sensor for Your project

Sensors
Optech Leica Toposys Reigl Single Pulse =150khz MPiaMulti-Pulse in air = 300khz

Multi-pulse versus Single Pulse

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

Typical LiDAR Products

Standard, FEMA, High Density
Standard LIDAR 1.4m point spacing
18.5 cm RMSEz, 1.0 m Horizontal

General-use, Meets most needs for LiDAR-based DEM FEMA Compliant LIDAR 1.4m point spacing
18.5 cm RMSEz, 1.0m Horizontal

FEMA Map Modernization specified product Meets FEMA guidelines and specifications for LiDAR-based DEM High Density LIDAR 0.7m point spacing
15 cm RMSEz, 0.5m Horizontal

Special use, high accuracy and point concentrated data Meets most needs for LiDAR-based DEM in very dense vegetation and terrain constrained areas High Accuracy LiDAR 0.7m or more Point spacing
9.24 cm RMSEz, 0.5 Horizontal

Supplemental 1 foot accuracy specifications 50% overlap for very dense vegetation Requires very good calibration: Keep overlap

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

Additional LiDAR products

Data collection as required by client Breaklines products Contour products Low Density Collection
2-4 meter point sample density

Very High Density Collections

20-40 points per meter

3-D Building extraction

3-D Wire frames 3-D Building polygons

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

Additional LiDAR products

Clients requiring Additional Classification
Water
Smooth water bodies

Vegetation
Low Medium High

Buildings
Points Foot prints

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

Sanborn Developed
Water Body Classification
Lake on 7.5 quad map ARC surface model

Lake before classification and elevation averaging

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

Lake after classification and elevation averaging

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Roads 1.4 meter Density

Profile at 1.4 meter

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

Road 0.7 Meter

Profile at 0.7 meter

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

Road 0.3 Meter

Profile at 0.3 meter

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

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Best Practices
Planning
relief Vegetation Application

Collection
Calibration Control Check Points Field verification

Processing
Filtering Manual editing Smart editing

QA/QC

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Accuracy Issues
Calibration Process to help verify the Project Data

Relative Accuracy of the data is critical

should be able to achieve under 10cm RMSEz and most cases under 5 cm RMSEz

Verification of LiDAR Data is critical

Manufacture need to listen to LiDAR vendors concerns:
Hardware Error Intensity issues

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

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Checking Calibration
DZ ortho - GeoCue

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

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LiDAR Accuracy Standards

Things to Consider

Accuracy is dependent on: Flying height Sensor parameters

Rep Rate Scan Angle 10 degree of scan angle? Scan frequency

System accuracy Terrain Vegetation Data processing and more!

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

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LiDAR Data Accuracy

Data meets RMSEz and accuracy requirements Data does not edge match

Why?

Large Collections Small Collections

What can we do?

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

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LiDAR Post-processing
Development of Production Work Flow to facilitate large Volumes of data IT infrastructure to handle large volumes of data QC processes through out the workflow Latest Filtering Processes and Software packages to ensure the best product. Manual Edit/QC on all Tiles We look at everything Localized Filtered data based on characteristics of data Internal accuracy assessment on all projects Processes to deal with Corn rowing GeoCue Work Flow SC Stereo Pairs and Orthos to facilitate editing process and breakline process

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

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LiDAR Software and Viewers

Production Software

ESRI
ARCGIS 3D Analyst

QCoherent
LP360

Microstation
Terrasolid Terrascan

Virtual Geomatics
New Bore site Total

GeoCue More

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

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ROI
I talked with several LiDAR Users
Very difficult to get information.!!!! estimates that their initial ROI is $1 spent = $4 to $5 return? What they do know is that they get their money back Why?

Much more detailed elevation model (NED) Many uses and applications Shelf Life Find Things they did not see before
Karst formations in Alaska Sink Holes in Iowa Archeological sites in Kansas

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What Else What clients have to say

Less expensive? more economical than traditional surveying or Photogrammetry Faster data? much more detailed Collection around the clock No AT, orthorectification or mosaicing required Reliable terrain data penetrates canopy Non-intrusive no land access required for paneling or surveying More accurate then auto-correlation Multiple uses

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

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What Else?
Clear shortcomings in existing elevation data sets that make shareholders tasks impossible to complete LiDAR lifespan
Most states -10 years FEMA -15 to 20 years

Current elevation data does not meet business needs Consider different resolutions in different areas to get most money out of collection. Better, cheaper, faster? Remote assess to some regions a concern. Is it here?

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

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LiDAR Programs
County Updates
Gwinnett County, Georgia Every Year PIMA County, AZ Every 2 years

State Programs
Iowa
Full state in 3 years

South Carolina
Buy ups Spec ups additional products

North Carolina
1999-2002 2 to 5 meter data 2009-2011 1.4 meter

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

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What else?
Consider including many agencies to spread the cost Determine the best resolution for all How do you prioritize collection?
Population or money usually does this

Set up a contracting vehicle or use an existing one Lastly- QA/QC cost to make sure your data is good

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.

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LiDAR BLOG
Submit your LiDAR questions...

http://lidarblog.wordpress.com
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Thank You! and Questions

Graphics provided by Leica

2007, The Sanborn Map Company, Inc. Privileged and confidential information. Distribution or copying prohibited unless approved in writing.