Transmission Tower Design with respect to Civil Engineering

Project Done By : Nisarg B Trivedi Sandeep R Patel Dharmendrgiri S Goswamee GROUP CO-ORDINATOR NAME : Prof Y.S.Patelsir

Overview Of Previous Work:

Tower Types and Shapes
Self-Supporting Towers Conventional Guyed Towers Chainette Guyed Towers

Tower Geometry

Fundamental of Surveying

Electrical Clearances
Minimum ground clearances. Minimum clearances above river/lakes. Air clearances. Clearances between conductor & ground wire. Clearances at power line crossing. Power line crossing railway tracks. Power line crossing communication line. Power line running alone or across the road.

Vertical /barrel type Horizontal /Wasp Waist Delta/Cat Head H-Structure Type

Peak Cage Cross arm Boom Tower Body Body Extension Leg Extension Stub/ Anchor Bolts and Base Plate Assembly

Reconnaissance and route alignment survey

Detailed survey

Tower spotting

Check survey

Present Work Analysis:

Requirements Of Loads On Transmission Lines

i.

Climatic loads related to reliability requirements:

Wind load (Non- Snowy regions) Wind load (Snowy regions) Wind load without Ice (Non- Snowy regions)

ii.

Failure loads related to security requirements:

Unbalanced Longitudinal loads & torsion loads due to broken wire Anti-cascading loads

iii.

Construction and maintenance loads related to safety requirements:

Loads during construction Loads during maintenance

Nature of loads on tower

Transverse loads (TS):
Wind load on tower structure, conductor, ground-wire and insulator strings. Component of mechanical tension of conductor and ground-wire.

Vertical loads (VS):

Load due to weight of each conductor or ground-wire based on weight span and weight of insulator strings. Self weight of tower including in vertical load.

Longitudinal loads (LS):

Unbalanced Horizontal Loads in Longitudinal Direction due to mechanical tension of conductor and/or ground-wire during broken-wire condition

Transverse Loads (TS)

Wind load on conductor/Ground-wire Fwc = Pd x L x d x Gc x Cdc
Where, Fwc = Wind Load In Newton Pd = Design Wind Pressure In N/M L = Wind span in meters d = Diameter Of Conductor/Ground-wire In Meters Cdc = Drag Coefficient Which Is 1.0 For Conductor And 1.2 For Ground-wire Gc = Gust Response Factor Which Takes Into Account The Turbulance Of The Wind

Transverse Loads (TS)

Transverse Loads (TS)

Wind load on tower Fwt = Pd x Cdt x Ae x GT Where Fwt = Wind load in Newton. Pd = Design wind pressure in N/mm. Cdt = Drag Co-efficient to wind blowing against any face of the tower.

Transverse Loads (TS)

Ae = total net surface area of legs and bracings including x-arm members. GT =Gust response factor depending upon terrain category and height of CG panel above ground level. Mechanical Tension of conductor and ground-wire due to wind (Deviation load)

Transverse Loads (TS)

This load acts on the tower as component of Mechanical Tension of Conductor and Ground-wire Fwd = 2 x T x sin /2 Where Fwd = Load in Newton. T = Maximum tension of conductor and Ground-wire at every day

Transverse Loads (TS)

temperature and 100% of full wind pressure. = Angle of deviation Total Transverse Loads (T) Under Reliability Condition TS = Fwc + Fwt + Fwd

Vertical Load (VS)

weight of each conductor Vc = A x Lx D where,

Vertical Load (VS)

Vc = total weight of conductor, A = area of conductor, L = length of conductor, D = density of conductor, weight of tower Vt = A x Lx D where,

Vertical Load (VS)

Vc = total weight of tower, A = area of each panel, L = length of each panel, D = density of each panel Total Vertical Load (VS) VS = Vc + Vt

Longitudinal load (LS)

The longitudinal load corresponding to 50% of the mechanical tension of conductor and 100% of mechanical tension of ground-wire shall be under everyday temperature and full wind pressure. Longitudinal load of conductor LS = (Fwd/2)

Total load on Tower

Lt = TS + VS +LS

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION