Answering techniques for Science Paper

SKTB 2010

Science concept

30 Questions

Section A
60 marks / % 45 minutes to answer
1 question 1 minute = 30 minutes 15 minutes to check your answer

Section B
Science Process skill
4 to 5 Questions ( from every theme ) 40 marks or 40 % 30 minutes to answer

What should you do :

1. Read the questions carefully at least 2 times.

2. Study the diagram

3. Study the table / graph / chart given.

4. Underline the keywords in the question ..different (W2C)..same ( W2S )

Science process skills

Science process skills in section B:

1.

2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Observing - memerhati Inferences - sebab / alasan Variables W2C , W2O and W2S Aim tujuan penyiasatan Trend pola perubahan Predicting meramal Hypothesis kesimpulan awal Conclusion kesimpulan

Study Guide
Observation
State what you see in the picture, table, graph the differences the changes occurred Question Key State one observation. What can you say . What can you see from the .. Answer Key Write the changes or differences in the diagrams / graphs / tables

Observation

Looking for information

Observation Information given

eg: The size of the plants in Pot A is bigger than the plant in pot B. The poles of a magnet attract many paper clips. The number of animals decrease.

Observation Looking for information

cupboard

differences
P Q

State one observation based on the picture Plant Q stayed healthy and Plant P is wilted.

Observation Looking for information

1995

2000

2005

Changes occurred

a. State one observation about the number of trees in the forest every 5 years.
The number of trees in the forest increase every 5 years.

1. The diagram below show three towels of the same size and thickness dried under the hot sun. Towel R is not folded. Towel S is folded into two and towel T is folded into four.

Towel R

Towel S

Towel T

Towel Time taken for towel to dry ( minutes )

R 30

S 60

T 120

( a ) What can you say about the time taken for towel R to dry compared to towels S and T ?

Towel R took the fastest time to dry compared to towel S and T

Inference
Inference Controlled
Explain your observation. Give reason based on your observation. Question Key Inference Any logic inference is accepted

Give your inference based on Explain you observation Give reason for your answer in .. State the possible reason for your observation What can you infer.
Answer Key Plant A withered because of not enough sunlight. because it didnt have enough.. action of bacteria.

Give a reason why the orange rottten after two weeks? Because microorganism / bacteria / fungi can cause food to spoil

Observation Looking for information

1995

2000

2005

a. State one observation about the number of trees in the forest every 5 years. The number of trees in the forest increase every 5 years. b. Give two reasons based on your answer in ( a) Replanting of trees Develop forest reserve
Inference Any logic inference is accepted

Figure shows two different blocks were pushed along on the mirror surface .

Wooden block P 50g Observation: 100g

Wooden block Q

The wooden block P moves farther than the wooden block Q

Why wooden block P moves farther than the wooden block Q? Because block P lighter than block Q block P smaller than block Q block Q heavier than block P block Q bigger than block P Information given

1. a. State one observation based on this experiment Magnet A attract more paper clips than magnet B b. What can you infer from the observation in (1a) Magnet B has been heated has been knocked many times has been dropped many times
Inference Any logic inference is accepted

Variables
The things you select in a fair test / experiment What will you change (manipulated) [W2C] What will you measure (responding) [W2M] What must you keep the same to make a fair test (control) [W2S] Question Key Based on the investigation/experiment state the following (a) What is changed (manipulated) [W2C] (b) What is kept the same ( control /constant) [W2S] (c) What is measured (responding) [W2M] Answer Key Parameter object

size of the amount of presence of type of

ice-cube water sunlight plant

1.

2.

3.

APAI ESTATE

JOHANS ESTATE

AVERAGE PER TREE 100 MANGOES

AVERAGE PER TREE 200 MANGOES

a. Based on the investigation state the following i what is changed:

The distance between each mango tree

Number of mangoes // fruits Size of the estate // Amount of fertilizer // Type of tree

ii what is measured:

iii what is kept the same:

Many paper clips

strong

observation

( W2M )

Reason ( W2C )

Few paper clips

Number of paper clip

weak

The strength of the magnet

W2M number of paper clips W2S Size of the magnet

W2C- the strength of magnet

How to identify variables from the tables of result Distance of the object from the torch W2C (Reason) Size of the shadow

W2M (Observation) Year Number of animal in X Number of animals in Y

Temperature

Number of tomatoes

3. Identify ( W2C), ( W2M ) from the graph.

changes ( W2M ) (W2C )

(W2C )

W2M

Diagram below shows an investigation carried out by Fiza. She puts three different sizes of sponge in three containers. Each container contains 500 ml water

500 ml water Container P Container Q

500 ml water Container R

After 15 minutes, she recorded the volume of water left in the container. The result are shown in the table below. Container Volume of water left / ml What to change P 400 Q 250 R 100

Sizes of sponge Volume of water left

What to measure

The Factors that Cause Rusting

thread oil nail boiled water nail dry air dried calcium chloride pipe water nail

thread

nail

oil

In this experiment state,

i. What is changed ii. What is observed Presence of air and water Condition of the nail

a. In the investigation, state

i. What is change: Presence of sunlight

ii. What is observed: Condition of plants iii. What is kept the same:Type of plant Presence of water

Yahoo..! Aku nemu jawapan nyak

a. In this experiment, state i. what is changed:

Type of surface
Distance the toy car travelled

ii. what is measured

iii. what is kept the same:

Type of toy car

50 g 100g

150g

a. In this experiment, state i. what is changed ii what is measured iii what is kept the same The mass of the object The length of the spring Type of spring

Size of the spring

8.00 am

10:00 am

WEST

EAST 1.00 pm

WEST

EAST 4.00 pm

WEST

EAST

WEST

EAST

Based on this investigation, state the following i. what is changed: ii. what is measured: iii. what is kept the same: Time of investigation Length of the shadow Length of the stick

Predicting

a. In number b. In situation

Using the data / from past experience, state what will happen next Question Key What will happen if? Predict the number of .? Estimate the number? Answer Key Study the trend / pattern changes Predict the number 75oC / 10 g / 6cm Predict the situation It will stay healthy It will be extinct

Time / minute Water temperature oC

0 30

2 40

4 50

6 60

8 70

10 80

12 90

a. Predict the water temperature at the 9 minute.

75 o c
80 70 = 10 10 2 = 5 70 + 5 = 75 or 80 - 5 = 75

Number of elephant

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Years

Based on the trend, predict the number of elephant for 2007 Extinct

Balsam plant

Pot B Pot A

What will happen to the plants in pot A and pot B after 2 weeks? Balsam plant in pot A grow well than balsam plant in pot B Balsam plant in pot A taller than balsam plant in pot B The number of leaves in pot A more than plant in pot B

Hypothesis
General statement about objects/ phenomenon based on an observation whether it is true of false till it can be tested before carry out the fair test. Question Key State one hypothesis for your investigation. Write one hypothesis Write one hypothesis based on the information Answer Key Use general statement based on science concept Plant needs water to stay alive. Light travels in straight line. Relate what to change and what to measure

If the length of the string increase, the number of swing decrease. If the number of battery increase, the brightness of the bulb increase

Using the information, write one hypothesis. Plant needs sunlight to stay alive

50 g 100g

150g

State one hypothesis for this experiment

If the mass increase the length of the spring also increase

The brightness of the bulb depend on the number of battery used

State one hypothesis for the statement above.

If the number of battery increase, the brightness of the bulb also increase If more batteries are used, the bulbs will be brighter. The number of pupils effect the temperature of the room Write one hypothesis for the statement above If the number of pupils in the room increase, the temperature of the room also increase

Interpreting Data
Write the aim / purpose of investigation State the trend of change in the data State the relationship between the variables State the conclusion for the experiment Question Key What is the aim / purpose of the investigation? Based on the .. state the trend in the What is the relationship between.. What conclusion can be made from this investigation?

1. Aim / purpose To find out the relationship between [W2C] and [W2M]

2. Trend Increase : From small getting bigger or larger. From lower became higher Decrease: From bigger/larger getting smaller From higher getting lower
Did not change / unchanged

3. Relationship
As (W2C) increase / decrease, the (W2M) increase/ decrease 4. Conclusion When (W2C) increase / decrease, the (W2M) increase/ decrease Science concept: Plant needs water to stay alive Light can be reflected

Aim / purpose

Number of battery
1 2 3

Brightness of bulb Dim Bright Brighter

State the aim of the investigation.

To find out the relationship between number of batteries and the

brightness of the bulb.

Aim / purpose

3cm 6cm

9cm

12cm The length of string

The number of swing(1min) 3cm 6cm 9cm 12cm

10

What is the aim of the investigation ? To find out the relationship between the length of string and

the number of swing.

Aim / purpose

What do you want to know?

To find out that plant needs water to stay alive

Trend

Number of tigers

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Years

a. What is the trend in the number of tigers from 2000 to 2005? Decreasing

Trend Time 12.00am 1:00 pm 2:00 pm Length of the shadows (cm) 0 20 40

3:00 pm
4:00 pm 5.00 pm

60
80 100

a. What is the trend for the length of the shadows from 12:00 noon to 5:00 pm?
Increasing

Relationship

Fertilizer (gm)
Height of plants (cm)

1.0

1.5

2.0

What is the relationship between the amount of fertilizer and the height of plants ? As the amount of fertilizer increase, the height of the plant increase.

Relationship

Week

Number of frogs Number of snakes

20

30

40

50

10

15

20

What is the relationship between the number of frogs and snakes ? When the number of frog increase, the number of snake increase too

Conclusion

What conclusion can be made from this investigation?

Plants need water to stay alive

Conclusion

Time

( min)
oC

0 30

2 40

4 50

6 60

8 70

10 80

12 90

Water temperature

a. What is the conclusion of the experiment?

When the time to heat the water increase, the water temperature also increase

Surrounding temperature (oC) Number of tomatoes

8 4

10 7

14 11

16 20

18 20 29 33 20 20 16 10

Draw one conclusion. When the surrounding temperature is between 16 oC to 20 oC the most

number of tomatoes produced.