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need to have experiences in reallife situations and in working with physical objects (concrete manipulation) to develop understandings about the operations and basic facts.
Understanding
improves if they can relate mathematical symbols to some meaningful experiences they have or they can visualize (Intuitive level)
Manipulative Materials
Manipulative
materials play an important role in learning operations and construction of Basic Facts
Hundred Chart
After
learning numbers one to hundred, Hundred chart activities would provide the children with visual and manipulative experience that will help them to learn Basic Operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
Hundred Chart
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99
100
Skip Counting
Start
from 1, count by 3s with the help of your hundred chart. Circle the numbers with a blue colour pencil Write down the number in sequence as you circle it. This skip counting activity for numbers actually provide visual experience for learning ADDITION
Skip Counting
Start
from 18, count by 3s backward with the help of your hundred chart. Circle the numbers with a red colour pencil Write down the number in sequence as you circle it. This skip counting activity for numbers actually provide visual experience for learning SUBTRACTION
How
would you use skip counting to prepare the children for learning multiplication facts?
Multiply by 2 : Start with 2, skip counting in 2s Multiply by 3 : Start with 3, skip counting in 3s
Word Problems
What
number is 3 more than 5? What number is 6 more than 7? What number is 4 less than 10? What number is 8 less than 15?
Word Problem
I
am at 15 now, how many steps forward must I take to reach 19? am at 13, how many step backward must I take to go back to 6?
FIVE-FRAME
Put a red bean in the first square in the Frame. Fill up the remaining square with the green beans How many red and green beans in the five-frame?
Five-FRAME
How many red and green beans in the five-frame? 1 red and 4 blue, 1 + 4 = 5 1 and 4 are Partners of 5
Fill in other combination of the red and green beans in the Five - Frame.
Can you write down other Partners of 5 ?
FIVE-FRAME
Once the children master the partners of 5 you can easily use it in subtraction from 5 Five green beans, take away 2, how many beans left? Write down equations for subtraction from 5. 2+3=5 52=3
FIVE-FRAME
Prepare the children for word problems through Manipulatives. I have 3 green bean. How many more green beans do I need to fill up the five-frame. I have 5 red beans, Ann has 2 red beans less than me. How many beans does Ann have? Write down equations for subtraction from 5.
TEN-FRAME
OR
TEN-FRAME
Adding to ten
5+3=
Partners of Ten
Use red and green beans to fill up the ten-frame Then write down the pairs that make ten: Partners of 10 e.g. 4 + 6 = 10
Friends of Ten
Use red beans to fill up the ten-frame Remove 3 beans, write down the equation
e.g. 10 - 3 = 7
By removing the beans, write down other equations for subtracting from 10.
Five-Frame
is useful in Year 1 for addition and subtraction up to 5 Ten Frame for addition and subtraction up to 10 partner 5 and partners of 10 are important in learning basic addition facts and subtraction facts. Partners of 10 is useful in subtraction involving regrouping
Twenty-frame
How do you use the twenty-frame to teach subtraction with regrouping if your student only had mastery of partners of 10?
17 - 9 =
Would you take away 9 squares from the row of ten or the row of 7?
17 - 9 1 8
If you take away 9 squares from 10, left behind 1 square. Add 1 to the 7 in the second row , you get 8 ( 1 + 7 = 8)
For subtraction involving regrouping, you can take the partner of 10 for the subtrahend (9), which is 1, and add it to the ones digit in the minuend (7)
15 - 6 4
If you take away 6 from 10, left behind 4. Add the 4 to the 5 in the second row , you get 9 ( 4 + 5 = 9)
For subtraction involving regrouping, you can take the partner of 10 for the subtrahend (6), which is 4, and add it to the ones digit in the minuend (5)
Number array :
2x4=8
2 x 4 =8
Array
8 cookies arranged in array (order) 1 row has 4 cookies How many rows of 4s can you get? 84=
4+4=8 Or
2x4=8
82=4
2x4=8
12 17 24 27 30 37
What do you call the numbers that can be arranged only in one row?
Instead of arranging objects in array, we can use Hundred grid as number array to find basic multiplication facts and division facts
Hundred Grid
Hundred Grid
4 rows Each row has 5 squares Total number of squares is
4 x 5 = 20
L-shaped ruler
Hundred Grid
How many rows of unit squares? How many unit squares in each row? What is the multiplication equation? Write down the division equations.
You
can obtain you basic multiplication facts from the grids by placing you L-ruler on a completed grid.
x
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2
2 4 6 8
3
3 6 9
4
4 8
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
10 12 14 16 18
12 15 18 21 24 27
12 16 20 24 28 32 36
10 15 20 25 30 35 50 45 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81
Use
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x = 12 x = 12 x = 18 x = 18
24 = 24 = 28 = 28 = 56 = 56 =
Workshop 1
In your group discuss and prepare manipulatives and activity sheets for teaching and learning activities that you can carry out using the Hundred Chart
Name of activity Mathematics skills Materials Instruction or steps in carrying out the activity. Practice exercises
Workshop 2
In your group discuss and prepare manipulatives and activity sheets for teaching and learning activities that you can carry out using the Hundred Grid and L-ruler
Name of activity Mathematics skills Materials Instruction or steps in carrying out the activity. Practice exercises
Workshop 3
In your group discuss and prepare manipulatives and activity sheets for teaching and learning activities that you can carry out using the FiveFrame, Ten-Frame and Twenty-Frame
Name of activity Mathematics skills Materials Instruction or steps in carrying out the activity. Practice exercises