Claim Coverage

Claims Coverage
Authentic tires: The qualified tires products with complete product marking including brand, tire number and size after inspection.

Authentic tires used under normal usage regulation, within three years after

production, pattern abrasions accord with claims provisions, early damage caused by production defect.

Defective or substandard of new tires (For instance, Short of filler, existing sundries

and uneven inner ply of missed inspection tires )

Others

Production causes and analysis

Loose Tread

Characteristic: Separation between rubber/rubber, rubber/framework material of tread, steel belt loosing, cause the bulge of tread, tread filler loosing, steel belt wire loosing, drawing out or breaking. Analysis: 1.Weak adhesion of filler during production . 2.Material surface crocking caused by placed excessive hours. 3. Uncompacted or dislocation of some parts

Separated Crown Joint

Characteristic: Crown joint separated in slope shape, smooth surface on separated area. Analysis: 1. Inadequate connection of Crown joint area. 2. There are water, petrol, dust or f on surface or crocking of joint during production.

Hollow in Tire Shoulder

Characteristic: No external injury and impact, no crushed rolling and deformed, rubber and cord fabric on shoulder area separated. Analysis: 1.Un-compaction or air harboring between steel belt terminals during production. 2. Weak adhesion between tire parts.

Tire Shoulder Cracking

Characteristic: Ply separation accompany with cracking on circumferential direction, there is rubber foam and solvent separating out, there is sticky substance on ply separation area after anatomy. Analysis: 1. Under cure 2. Volatile solvent still wet during shaping.

Ply Separation on Sidewall

Characteristic: There is ply separation between sidewall filler/carcass or sidewall filler/bead filler which caused blister, no injury on external surface, the separation ply surface is smooth. Analysis: Uncompacted Rolling, air bubble come into being during different parts or water and petrol penetrated.

U shape burst
U
Characteristic: Tire sidewall burst in U shape, steel belt wire are bared and undamaged, and no impact mark on corresponding tread or sidewall areas. U Analysis: 1. Uncompacted rolling on sidewall. 2. Air harboring in sidewall 3. Weak adhesion of tire parts.

Ply separation on sidewall joint

Characteristic: Ply separation on radial direction, the surface of separated area is smooth. Analysis: 1.Sidewall joint is not clean 2. Joint area uncompacted.

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Ply separation on tire bead

Characteristic: There is partial ply separation on circumferential direction on turn-up part, there is obvious feeling of air bubble if press by finger. Analysis: Uncompacted different parts which cause air bubble or isolation medium.

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Steel belt cord bared on inner ply

Characteristic: No external injury and impact mark, the inner plys steel belt wire can be seen on partial or whole circumferential part near shoulder, sidewall area. Analysis: 1.Filler material of inner ply irregular flow during curing process. 2. Nonstandard size of semimanufactured products, e.g. tire crown, cushion gum, etc.

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Ply separation on inner ply

Characteristic: Separation between inner ply and cord fabric, the interface is smooth after anatomy. Analysis: 1.Week adhesion or air, petrol existing between inner ply and steel belt cord during production.

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Sundries

Characteristic: Partial cracking on upper joint area of tire bead and rim, existing sundries after anatomy. Analysis: There is sundries on interface area during production.

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Non-claim coverage

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Non-claim coverage
Unauthentic tires:

Unauthentic tires which do not have complete product marking including brand, tire number and size after inspection.

Used under normal usage regulation, exceed three years after production. New tires with slight defects( e.g. being short of filler, sundries and uneven inner ply )

which is within the allowable range of national standard.

Tire defects caused by improper use and the remaining tire pattern depth are lower

than the limit of claim regulation.

Tires which repaired and renovated by user. Others

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Causes and Analysis of Improper Use

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Ply Separation Caused by Tread Puncture

Characteristic: Ply separation on shoulder, the corresponding tread have obvious puncture mark. Analysis: Tire steel belt wire punctured by obstacle led to air and water penetrated and rusty steel belt broken.

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Mechanical Damage of Tread Pattern

Characteristic: Steel belt exposed when partial tread pattern filler seriously separate from carcass. Analysis: Excessive inflating caused tread inflexibility enhanced, the tread cut by sharp objects when driving on unpaved road and caused chipping.

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Irregular Abrasion On Tread Pattern

Characteristic: Irregular abrasion on every parts of tread pattern. Analysis: 1.Do not have periodical Tire Rotation (Annex 1). 2.Bad vehicle condition. 3.Irregular air pressure. 4. Improper operation of driving.

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Annex1: Correct tire rotation

Correct Tire Rotation

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Lorry

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Lorry, Directional pattern

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Six wheels and two axles circular rotation

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Six wheels and two axles circular rotation

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Six wheels and three axles circular rotation

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Impact and bursting on Crown

Characteristic: Tread impacted by external objects and cracking in /, X, Y shape, steel belt breaking and exposing, the terminal of bursting have no ply separation evidence, sometimes it obviously have tearing evidence while bursting. / XY Analysis: Strong impact caused by obstacle when tires are overloading, driving on high speed and high pressure.

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Impact and Bursting on Shoulder

Characteristic: Bursting on shoulder, steel belt wire breaking. Analysis: Shoulder strongly impacted by obstacle when driving on uneven road caused bursting.

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Zipper Type Bursting

Characteristic: Sidewall steel belt wire breaking and bursting in zipper type. Analysis: 1.Overloading 2.High pressure 3.Rapid shift Which led to steel cord of sidewall undue stressed to burst.

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Cracking on sidewall

Characteristic: Sidewall cracking on radial direction, obvious scratch mark and steel belt wire breaking. Analysis: 1.Sidewall extremely deformed and crack after impact on tires. 2. Incompact steel belt wire cause sidewall blistering, cracking and breaking in serious condition.

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Crushed rolling of sidewall

Characteristic: Tire carcass deformed, wrinkle mark on inner ply caused by carcass excessive flexing. Carcass is screwy or burst in serious condition. Analysis: 1.Seriously overloading 2.Long-term driving in low air pressure or seriously underinflated condition Which led to crushed rolling even burst

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External damage on sidewall

Characteristic: Sidewall damage by cut or abrasion, steel belt wire can be seen in serious condition. Analysis: 1.Cut by sharp objects when driving. 2.Bad road condition. 3. Sidewall circumferential cut by auto parts of other extrusive objects.

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Burst on Tire Bead

Characteristic: Tire bead burst, there is obvious cutting mark on corresponding chafer area. Analysis: 1. Chafer damage caused by rap during tire mounting. 2. Seriously overloading. 3. Using low-intensity rim. 4. Chafer cut by defective rim.

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Pinch damaged on chafer

Characteristic: Partial external damage on chafer, partial damage on bead filler rubber, steel belt wire bared in serious condition. Analysis: Pinch damaged by tire lever on tire bead when tire mounting or dismounting.

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Tire bead bulging

Characteristic: Tire bead ductility deformed, the interface have tearing evidence after anatomy. Analysis: Using improper rim or seriously over loading.

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Bead Wire Breaking and Bursting

Characteristic: The bead wire breaking, the endpoint of cord stretching and diameter reducing. Analysis: 1.Using defective rim or tire chafer damaged. 2.Impacted when driving on high speed caused bead wire breaking and then led to burst. 3.Rim board defect. 4. Partial bead wire impacted by external force and caused stress concentration, which led to burst.

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Cracking upon Assembled Rib

Characteristic: The upper joint area of tire bead and rim have cracked on circumferential direction. The breaking interface is irregular. Analysis: Seriously overloading, improper rim, or partial deformed, high pressure; high torque force tear apart during long vehicle rapid swift

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Cracking on Assembled Rib

Characteristic: The endpoint of cord fabric is cracked on circumferential direction or in zipper type. Analysis: 1.Seriously overloading or low pressure. 2.Mounted on defective rim caused sidewall deformed and stress concentrated on assembled rib area led to excessive flexing and cracking.

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Cracking under Assembled Rib

Characteristic: The cracking under assembled rib appear on circumferential direction, meanwhile, chafer is deformed. Analysis: 1.Mounted on substandard rim, seriously overloading or underinflated caused flexing spot downward moving. 2.Braking or turning frequently led to deformation and cracking.

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Bead Burst in Wiredrawn Type

Characteristic: Steel belt wire draw from wire bead and burst crack to shoulder. Analysis: 1.Using defective rim caused stress concentrated on bead; 2.Impacted when driving; 3.Very small steering angle of turn sharp; 4. High temperature of braking generated abnormal heating of bead which lead to adhesive force becoming low and burst.

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Bead Inside Cracking

Characteristic: No distortion of carcass, no other fault caused by improper use. Chafer cracked from inside ply on circumferential direction. Analysis: 1.Mounting defective rim. 2.Under-inflated or overload driving. 3. Turn sharp and braking frequently caused over flexing and deforming on assembled rib part, which led to cracking of chafer inside endpoint.

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Inner cracking caused by external Impact

Characteristic: Cord fabric of inner ply cracked in I shape, sidewall penetrated in serious condition. l Analysis: 1.Tire impacted strongly by obstacle when driving; 2.Tire squeezed when vehicle parking next to the roadside. 3.Tire damaged by side obstacle when slipping.

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