Converting Organic Waste into Organic Manure

Team: ARYACETAS Members: Pritesh Chaudhary (Roll No 69) Gaurav Bagla (Roll No 73) Manmath Deshpande (Roll No 91)

Rohan Jadhav (Roll No 103)

Mayuresh Sanap (Roll No 106) Rahul Girreddy (Roll No 125)

Proposed Business Model

Business proposal There is a huge organic waste in cities which can be converted into organic manure Many corporations have vermicompost plants that use earthworms to convert organic waste into good quality organic manure But it involves plenty of transport and labour cost Setting up small units at source points will save transport and labour cost and will be an efficient way to do this All organic matter gets converted in good manure if it is allowed to decompose in air with some water Finer the particles better the efficiency and faster the conversion

Continued

Addition of little composting material like animal dung, previous vermicompost or earthworms will also speed up the process. Existing scenario: A few Municipal corporations like Nagpur , Bhopal have set up that make city organic waste into vermicompost The existing set ups are inefficient and involve huge transport and labour cost Besides tremendous amount of organic waste literally goes waste as it is not collected by municipality for various reasons

Process

Organic waste such as Food , fruits, vegetables, leaves get converted into organic manure automatically after adding some moisture and composting material Process time is about 4 to 6 weeks, during which volume gets reduced to about 25% of original volume If earthworms are added , to mixture process time gets reduced to 3 weeks and quality is also superior Resultant organic manure called vermicompost is used in gardens and horticulture

Proposal

Decentralization of composting process and treating waste at source is the main thrust of our business proposal which is not practised anywhere (in India at least) For the purpose of illustration, Mahalaxmi Temple in Mumbai is selected as a representative unit where this small processing plant would be set up Huge organic waste in the form of garlands or the flowers, leaves, grains like rice etc are offered at temple by devotees Add to it the food and other wastages of supporting staff that stays there

Continued

In addition , at entrance there are many shops that sell offerings and also restaurants , eateries Cumulative organic waste in the temple area is estimated to be about 1 ton per day A temple has adequate space , water supply and existing manpower that can be utilized We propose to make it a profit sharing arrangement with temple authorities Alternately existing staff will be used by us by paying them some additional amount

Working

Operators Responsibilities Go to the site to use the organic waste and try to convert it locally

Implement the facility within given timeframe and as per desired performance level
Create local such units nearby, whereby the organic from nearby places can be collected, if the places cannot have at-source facility Be compliant with laws/rules

Working Continued

Operators benefits: Fee for doing service- service charge Part of the revenue obtained from the manures sale Links and tie-up with the Municipal Corporation The responsibilities of the people having organic waste: Make arrangement for delivery of waste at the site If it is possible, giving space within premises to make manure Payment of service fee Of course, they will also get revenue from sale of manure

Aggregate Composition

Deonar 57 50 53

Gorai

Mulund

12

15

14 9 7 8 6 5 6 3 4 3

14

11

Wet Organic

Dry Organic

Plastic

Paper

Other Recycleables

Inerts

Technical and Economic Analysis of Composting Enterprises, India

Generation and Collection

Generation of MSW
Per capita expected 450 gm/day

Total SWM generated

Biodegradable waste Dry waste Silt and Debris Bio-medical waste

8500 MT/day
6000 MT 500 MT 2000 MT 25 MT

Segregation and Collection

House to house collection Collection at community bins Total community bins No. of community bins removed 25% 75% 6223 3115

About 1050 MT of recyclables are segregated and sold by about 20,000 rag pickers Approximate value of recyclables sold is between Rs. 55 to 75 crores per year
Technical and Economic Analysis of Composting Enterprises, India

Business Module

Segregation of organic waste and inorganic waste is a problem in municipal waste treatment Inorganic waste like plastic, metals , rubber etc is a problem in treating Municipal waste But concentrated organic waste in adequate quantity is available at places temples as devotees offerings restaurants, marriage halls, vegetable and fruit markets Offerings like garland , leaves , flowers etc would be put in small mixer / grinder type machine to make them fine particle

Crushed material would then be put into a Plastic drum which would have date of commencement of compost process on them

Continued

A little composting material would be added to the mixture along with water for faster conversion into manure Mixture needs to be stirred daily upside down manually Composting process normally generates a little foul smell But technology now exists to eliminate that at a very small cost During composting process volume of material is reduced At the end of 21 days , fine quality manure of output weight of 250 kgs against the input weight of 1000 kgs is obtained The material would then be packed in plastic bags of 1 or 2 kgs each

Continued

We can sell the product either to private Agriculture dealers [There are many in Byculla] or to Government Agriculture marketing federations

Small composting units consisting of Big drums can be set up at source

All organic waste can be processed and converted into vermicompost at site itself saving on transport and labour cost

Need
Treatment and Disposal are areas of major deficiencies in SWM in Mumbai and many parts of India Even without that, ability to produce higher quality manure locally is always better than the current situation- not so-high quality manure at a higher cost This mechanism has a great chance of succeeding if implemented properly
Projected Population and MSW Generation
Year
2005
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Population (Million)
12.8
13.6 14.4 15.3 15.9 16.2

MSW (TPD)
6100
7100 8100 8900 9800 10500

Economics

Investment for a unit like Mahalakshmi is as follows: Cost of second hand drums- Rs 20000 for 100 drums, 3 drums daily would be required for 21 days After that manure would be emptied and compost would be started in same drum again water tubes, shovels drum covers etc Rs 5000 Crushing machine would cost Rs 20000 Sealing machine , plastic bags etc Rs 5000 Total Rs 50000 will be either shared or paid by us Running cost for employees and electricity Rs 15000 pm approx Only 1 or 2 unskilled persons would be required

Economics Continued

Plastic will be still be needed to be separated before going into crushing machine But that separated plastic and other material if any can also be sold as scrap Current retail price of Vermicompost is between 18 to 20 Rs per kg At 250 kgs per day output will be 7500 kgs per month We expect a price of Rs 10 per kg to us with a monthly revenue of Rs 75000 Rs 15000 will be running cost per month as salary and electricity etc.

Continued

Gross profit will be Rs 60000 per month which will be shared between us and Temple authorities After initial training unskilled persons themselves can run the plant and process This will leave the entrepreneur to supervise and run many such units simultaneously

Environmental Benefits

On-Site Environmental Benefits Conservation of CRZ Area Impact on Micro-Climatic Condition Aesthetical Improvement and Control on Smoke, Dust, Vermin and Flying Refuse Off-Site Environmental Benefits Contribution to Green House Gas Emission Control Improvement in Air Quality in the Neighborhood Improvement in Surface Water Quality

Environmental Benefits

Effective solution to arrest the decreasing dumping ground sizes(reducing waste volume by 90%) Easy replication possible in other regions Highly reduced composting time Carbon Credits Trading leads to self sustained expansion Reduction in unpleasant odors, hazardous smoke, toxic leakage and greenhouse effect

Approach

Manpower need not be hired but existing set up employees will be used paying them additionally Alternately, official partnership can be entered into with the owners of existing setup where vermicompost will be made The owners can be temple managers, restaurant owners, etc

Thank You

In Green, We Believe!!
ARYACETAS
MMS II JBIMS 2012-14 Batch