BY:- T.

KAAVYA (CSE-A)

CONTENTS
Introduction
Biomass Resources Creating Energy from Biomass

Biomass Environmental Issues

Advantages and disadvantages of Bio energy

INTRODUCTION
Bionergy is an engine for development of mankind.It originates from various types of sources of energy.
It comes from agricultural and forestry

residues. The different kinds of energy crops and plantations are expected for energy production of the biomass which is a part of bio energy. Bioenergy has emerged as a key factor in both environmental and developmental terms .

BIOENERGY CYCLE
Throughout the cycle, carbondioxide from biomass is released back to atmosphere from the processing plants with little or net addition

of carbon to the atmosphere. The energy to drive the cycle comes from the sun and will continue for many generations at a stable cost, and without depletion of the resources.

BIOENERGY CYCLE

TYPES OF BIOMASS
Fuel biomass
Feed biomass Organic fertilizer biomass

Fibre biomass
Chemical biomass

BIOMASS RESOURCES
Energy Crops
Woody crops Agricultural crops

Waste Products
Wood residues
Temperate crop wastes Tropical crop wastes

Animal wastes
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Commercial and industrial wastes
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BIO ENERGY CONVERSION

Biomass conversion is of three types. They are thermal conversion,chemical conversion and biochemical conversion.
Conversion technologies may release the

energy in the form of heat or electricity. That energy may convert into liquid biofuel or combustible biogas.

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BIOENERGY CONVERSION

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BIOREFINERY
A biorefinery is a facility that integrates

biomass conversion processes and equipments to produce fuels,power,heat and value added chemicals from biomass. In future, biorefineries may play a major role in producing chemicals and materials that are traditionally produced from petroleum.

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BIOREFINERY CYCLE

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BIOFUELS
Ethanol
Created by fermentation of starches/sugars
US capacity of 1.8 billion gals/yr (2005) Active research on cellulosic fermentation

Biodiesel
Organic oils combined with alcohols Creates ethyl or methyl esters

SynGas Biofuels
Syngas (H2 & CO) converted to methanol, or

liquid fuel similar to diesel

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BIODIESEL BUS

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 Air Quality

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Reduce NOx and SO2 emissions

Global Climate Change Low/no net increase in CO2 Soil Conservation

carbon sequestration, and stabilization of riverbanks. Water Conservation Better retention of water in watersheds Biodiversity and Habitat Positive and negative changes
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Soil erosion control, nutrient retention,

ADVANTAGES OF BIOENERGY
Help to manage the marsh gas pollution Improve the air quality Recycle rubbish No greenhouse emission Reduction of air pollution and acid rain

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DISADVANTAGES OF BIOENERGY

Storage problems for recycled materials. Cost of transporting and transferring the recycled materials is more.

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CONCLUSION
Bioenergy is energy from renewable biological sources. It includes biomass,biofuels and the technical and economical systems surrounding

the utilization and development of bioenergy. Biomass is any organic material which has stored sunlight in the form of chemical energy. Therefore it is the energy extracted from biomass, as the biomass is a fuel and the bioenergy is the energy contained in the fuel.
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