Beruflich Dokumente
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MANAGEMENT RESEARCH An applied research directed to aid the manager in his decision-making and in understanding the decision making
process.
CHARACTERS OF MR
Reporting- to furnish data, information or statistics Descriptive- to explain single event or characters thru statistical analysis Explanatory it explains the phenomena, hypothesis and theories marks this kind of research Predictive generally useful in planning the activities of a firm
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
Research may also be defined as a scientific study, which by means of logical and systematized techniques, aims to... Discover new facts or verify and test old facts Analyze their sequences, inter-relationships and explanations which are derived within an appropriate theoretical frame of reference Develop new scientific tools, concepts, and theories which would facilitate reliable and valid study of human behavior in decision
making.
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
Direct observation Clearly defined variables
Statistical justification
Self-correcting process
H OW T O C O N D U C T R E S E A RC H By the help of setting Research Methodology And setting Appropriate Research Methods
TYPES OF RESEARCH
Qualitative Vs Quantitative Applied Vs Fundamental Descriptive Vs Analytical Conceptual Vs Empirical
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OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH
To know the Cause Effect relationship To further investigate logic so as to proceed for Invention/innovation/discovery To determine the intensity of relationship and
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Components includes: 1. Research Problems
Area of Research Location Mode of Data Collection Sample Design Setting Scale Designing Test and Tools
CONSTRUCT
In the context of survey research, a construct is the abstract idea, underlying theme, or subject matter that one wishes to measure using survey questions.
VARIABLES
Independent (or experimental) variable: There are two types of independent variables: Active and
attribute.
2. Dependent variable (or Criterion measure): This is the variable that is affected by the
independent variable.
Intervening (Mediating) Variables: a hypothetical concept that attempts to explain the relationship between the independent and dependent variables
market.
Moderator Variable: A variable that is related to the direction or strength of the relationship between the
marketing strategy.
CLASSIFICATION OF VARIABLES
Classification of variables
Categorically (Quali)
Continuous (Qunaty)
CATEGORICAL VARIABLES
Nominal variables are variables that have two or more categories, but which do not have an intrinsic order. Like Classes- Upper, Middle, lower Dichotomous variables are nominal variables which have only two categories or levels. Like Male/ Female Ordinal variables are variables that have two or more categories just like nominal variables only the categories can also be ordered or ranked.
CONTINUOUS
Interval variables are variables for which their central characteristic is that they can be measured along a continuum and they have a numerical value (for example, temperature measured in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit). Ratio variables are interval variables, but with the added condition that 0 (zero) of the measurement indicates that there is none of that
variable.
1.
Deductive Logic- Is the study of validity and not of truth, like All those studying has to appear in exams-
2.
Inductive Logic- when inference is drawn from work hard will get success in examination.
the
3.
ACTIVITY
Frame 5 burring issues into research problem and frame it in away a investigation for research.