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0 Overview
Product Support Engineering
VMware Confidential
Agenda Module 0 - Product Overview Module 1 - vSphere Installation/Upgrade Module 2 vCenter Server Module 3 - Storage
Module 4 - Networking
Module 0 Lessons
Lesson 1 Overview of new features in vSphere 4.0
What is vSphere 4.0? VMware is renaming its flagship VMware VMware Infrastructure product to VMware vSphere. VMware vSphere 4.0 corresponds directly to the next major version of VMware Infrastructure 3, the virtual datacenter operating system from VMware.
Host Scalability
64-bit Service Console - The Linux-based Service Console for ESX 4.0 is now 64-bit. The Service Console is derived from Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
64-bit VMkernel - The VMkernel, a core component of the ESX/ESXi 4.0 hypervisor, is 64-bit.
Host Scalability
512GB Host Memory ESX/ESXi 4.0 supports systems with up to 512GB of RAM.
See the Systems Compatibility Guide Additions and Modifications for a list of systems for which 512GB host memory is supported.
Power Management
Power Management ESX/ESXi 4.0 supports Enhanced Intel SpeedStep and Enhanced AMD PowerNow! CPU power management technologies.
With dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS), ESX/ESXi can save power consumed by ESX hosts when they are not operating at maximum capacity.
DPM Full Support with IPMI / iLO Remote Power On IPMI and iLO have been added as a DPM remote power-on mechanism, an alternative to Wake on LAN. DPM used with IPMI, iLO or Wake on LAN is now fully supported in DRS Clusters
Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Enhanced AMD PowerNow DVFS - Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling
DPM Dynamic Power Management IPMI Intelligent Platform Management Interface
Support for adding and removing virtual devices while the VM is powered on
256GB RAM Up to 256GB RAM can be assigned to ESX/ESXi 4.0 virtual machines.
Fully for Networking I/O with the Intel 82598 10 Gigabit Ethernet Controller Experimentally for Storage I/O devices with the QLogic QLA25xx 8Gb Fibre Channel and the LSI 3442e-R and 3801e (1068 chip based) 3Gb SAS adapters.
Storage Optimization
Thin Provisioning VMware thin provisioning enables virtual machines to utilize storage space on an as-needed basis, further reducing the cost of storage for virtual environments.
It provides alarms and reports that specifically track allocation versus current usage of storage capacity allowing storage administrators to optimize the allocation of storage for virtual environments. Thin provisioning allows users to optimally but safely utilize available storage space by using advanced concepts such as over allocation.
Storage Stack Performance and Scalability The combination of the new in-guest virtualization-optimized SCSI driver, and additional ESX kernellevel storage stack optimizations dramatically improves storage I/O performance
Making even the most I/O intensive applications such as databases and messaging applications prime candidates for virtualization.
Storage Optimization
iSCSI Support Improvements
An update of the iSCSI stack offers improvements to both software iSCSI (iSCSI initiator runs at the ESX layer) and hardware iSCSI (ESX leverages a hardware-optimized iSCSI HBA). For both software and hardware iSCSI
With software iSCSI in particular, improvements have been made to significantly reduce the associated CPU overhead.
Storage Optimization
Volume Grow - vCenter Sever 4 allows dynamic expansion of a volume partition to add capacity to a running VMFS.
Volume Grow is a new method for expanding a VMFS datastore without disrupting running virtual machines. Once a LUN backing that datastore has been grown through an array management utility, the vSphere administrator uses Volume Grow to expand the VMFS partition on the expanded LUN.
The newly available space appears as a larger VMFS volume along with an associated grow event in VMware vCenter Server.
Hot VMDK Extend - Hot extend is supported for VMFS flat virtual disks in persistent mode and without any VMFS snapshots.
Used in conjunction with the new Volume Grow capability, the user has maximum flexibility in managing growing capacity in VI 4.
Storage Optimization
Native SATA - ESX/ESXi 4.0 further increases storage choices for customers by providing support for internal disks connected through the SATA interface.
This choice allows administrators to reduce storage costs by supporting the lowest cost type of disk storage available.
Pluggable Storage Architecture (PSA) Support - A storage partner plug-in framework enabling greater array certification flexibility and improved array-optimized performance.
PSA is a multipath I/O framework that allows storage partners to enable and certify their arrays relative to ESX release schedules and deliver performance-enhancing multipath load-balancing behaviors that are optimized per array.
PSA includes initial support for 3rd party multipathing software.
EMC is one of the pioneering partners in this space and is planning the upcoming release of EMC PowerPath ESX.
VI4 - Mod 0 - Slide 16
Network Optimization
vNetwork Distributed Switch (vDS) - is VMware's next generation virtual networking management solution.
vNetwork Distributed Switch (vDS) spans many ESX/ESXi hosts allowing you to reduce on-going network maintenance activities and quickly scale up networking capacity. vNetwork embeds new network VMotion technology and associated set of APIs that enables partners to build rich, VMotion-aware networking applications on top of vSphere. DVN includes:
Private VLAN Support - Private VLAN support enables broader compatibility with existing networking environments deploying Private VLAN technology. Network VMotion - vDS enables tracking of a virtual machine's networking state as it moves around in the virtual infrastructure, greatly simplifying network monitoring and troubleshooting activities. 3rd Party Virtual Switch Support - VDS includes initial support for 3rd party virtual switches from Cisco
VI4 - Mod 0 - Slide 17
Network Optimization
VMXNET Generation 3 VMXNET3 is the third generation virtual NIC emulation from VMware.
VMXNET3 builds on Enhanced VMXNET, VMware's second generation virtual NIC emulation which was made available in VMware Infrastructure 3.5. VMXNET3 features include:
MSI/MSI-X support (subject to guest kernel support) Receive Side Scaling (supported in Windows 2008) IPv6 checksum and TCP segmentation offloading (TSO) over IPv6 VLAN off-loading
Network Optimization
IPv6 Support - vSphere 4.0 adds new support for IPv6 for the Service Console and VMkernel.
IPv6 support is limited for ESX 4.0 when you are logged in to the ESX 4.0 using the vSphere Client.
IPv6 is not supported for vCenter Server Refer to the ESX 4.0 and ESXi 4.0 configuration Guides
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VI4 - Mod 0 - Slide 20
The conversion of disk formats as part of a Storage VMotion session is now supported ( for example, thick to thin )
Host Profiles
Host Profiles - Simplify host configuration management through userdefined configuration policies.
Reduce per-host, manual, or UI-based host configuration and efficiently maintain configuration consistency and correctness across the entire datacenter by using host profile policies. Host profile policies can capture the blueprint of a known, validated golden configuration and use this to configure networking, storage settings, security settings etc., on multiple hosts. Host profile policies also monitor compliance to standard host configuration settings across the datacenter.
vApps
vApps - Simplify the deployment and ongoing management of an n-tier application in multiple virtual machines by encapsulating it into a single virtual service entity.
vApps encapsulate their interdependencies and resource allocations allowing for single-step power operations, cloning, deployment, and monitoring of the entire application. vCenter Server now includes support for importing and exporting them in compliance with Open Virtual Machine Format (OVF) 1.0 standard.
vCenter Licensing
Licensing - In vSphere 4.0, license reporting and management are centralized.
If you upgrade all of your ESX hosts to 4.0, you no longer need a license server or host license files. All product and feature licenses are encapsulated in 25-character license keys that you can manage and monitor from vCenter 4.0.
Remote Management
vSphere Command-Line Interface - The vSphere Command-Line Interface (vSphere CLI) included with this release is supported on both ESX 4.0 and ESXi 4.0.
The vCLI has a significant number of new commands, including vicfgdns, vicfg-ntp, vicfg-user and vicfg-iscsi.
vSphere Management Assistant - The vSphere Management Assistant (vMA) is a virtual machine which includes vSphere Command-Line Interface and other pre-packaged software that developers and administrators can use to run agents and scripts to manage ESX and ESXi systems.
One important function of vMA is non-interactive login. You can use vMA to perform many of the tasks commonly performed in the ESX service console.
VI4 - Mod 0 - Slide 32
Statistics include: CPU usage and demand, Memory usage breakdown: private, shared, ballooned, swapped.
For disaster recovery scenarios, in which the replicated volume is not in the same datacenter, LUNs can be mounted without writing a new signature.
Additional Guest Operating System Support ESX/ESXi 4.0 adds support for guest operating systems not previously supported on the ESX platform. Support has been added for the following guest operating systems:
Asianux 3.0
FreeBSD 6 MS-DOS 6.22 Windows 98 RHEL 5 Solaris 8 (exp )
CentOS 4
FreeBSD 7 Windows 3.1 Windows 2000 OpenServer 5 Solaris 9 (exp )
Debian 4
OS/2 Windows 95 Netware 6 Unixware 7 Solaris 10
VMware VMsafe
VMware VMsafe VMware VMsafe is a new technology that leverages the properties of vSphere to protect virtual machines in ways previously not possible with physical machines.
VMware VMsafe provides an application program interface (API) sharing program to enable partners to develop VMware-aware security products. The VMsafe Security API gives security vendors the insight to leverage the inherent properties of virtualization in their security offerings.
VMkernel Protection
VMkernel Protection - To protect the hypervisor from common attacks and exploits, mechanisms were introduced to assure the integrity of the VMkernel and loaded modules as they reside on disk and in memory.
Disk integrity techniques protect the boot-up of the hypervisor by utilizing the Trusted Platform Module (TPM), a hardware device embedded in servers.
To ensure the authenticity and integrity of dynamically loaded code, VMkernel modules are digitally signed and then validated during load.
These disk integrity mechanisms protect against malware, which may attempt to overwrite or modify VMkernel as it persists on disk.
VMkernel also uses memory integrity techniques at load-time coupled with microprocessor capabilities to protect itself from common buffer-overflow attacks used to exploit running code.
Virtual Machine Communication Interface Sockets API - VMCI Sockets is a convenience Application Programming Interface (API) for the Virtual Machine Communication Interface (VMCI). Virtual Infrastructure Component Framework - Virtual Infrastructure Component Framework (VICF) is a secure, standards-compliant, language and platform neutral application framework for writing distributed applications in guest virtual machines.
CIM SMASH VMware hypervisors implement the industrystandard Common Information Model (CIM) interface to monitor and manage the health of server hardware.
The implementation is based on the System Management Architecture for Server Hardware (SMASH) profiles defined by DMTF - http://www.dmtf.org/home This interface is supported on ESX/ESXi 4.0. Please refer to the CIM SMASH/Server Management API Programming Guide for more information.
Lesson 1 Summary
64-bit Service Console and VMkernel. 512GB host Memory and 64 Logical CPUs and 256 Virtual CPUs Per Host 8-way Virtual SMP and 256GB RAM per VM Hot Plug Support for Memory and CPU Storage Volume Grow, Hot VMDK Extend