Linux Operations and Administration

Chapter Two Installing OpenSUSE

Objectives
Check your system configuration to determine whether it meets openSUSE installation requirements Describe the benefits of installing an OS on a virtual machine Summarize the installation phases in openSUSE Describe features of the GNOME desktop environment Describe features of the KDE desktop environment
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Checking Your System Configuration

YaST
Included with OpenSUSE UI tool to customize the OS during and after installation

System configuration determines how openSUSE is installed

Desktop Laptop Server

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Checking Your System Configuration (contd.)

Figure 2-1 An overview of installation steps in YaST

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Requirements for Installing Linux

Most software installations run more smoothly if computer exceeds the minimum requirements Minimum requirements
Pentium III 500 MHz or higher processor 512 MB RAM 3 GB free disk space 800 600 display resolution

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Requirements for Installing Linux (contd.)

Recommended requirements
Pentium 4 2.4 GHz or higher, any AMD64, or an Intel EM64T processor 1 GB RAM More than 3 GB free disk space 1024 768 or higher display resolution

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The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines

Server farms
Groups of servers networked together in a single location

Virtual machine (VM)

Software container with its own OS, IP address, and applications

Host
Physical computer where the virtual machine runs

Guest
Virtual machine using the hosts physical hardware resources
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The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines (contd.)

Benefits of virtualization:
Run multiple OSs on one machine Test applications before actually installing them on a host machine Reduce costs by decreasing the physical hardware that must be purchased for a network Experiment with untested programs without infecting host machines with viruses or other malware

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The Unified Installation Method with Virtual Machines (contd.)

Table 2-1
Overview of some virtualization software packages

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Table 2-1 Virtualization software packages

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Overview of VMware Player

VMware Player 3.1.5
Free application Create, configure, and run virtual machines on a Windows or Linux system

Requirements for the host machine:

ArchitectureStandard x86-compatible or x86-64 with Intel VT or AMD-Vcompatible PC Processor speed1.3 GHz or faster

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Overview of VMware Player (contd.)

MemoryMinimum 1 GB, but 2 GB or more recommended Hard diskAt least 1 GB free disk space recommended for each guest OS

Activity 2-1: Downloading VMware Player

Register a VMware account Download VMware Player 3.0

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Installing VMware Player on a Windows Host

Use the VMware-player-xxxxxx.exe installation file
xxxxxx represents the version and build numbers

Activity 2-2: Installing VMware Player 3.1.5 on a Windows Host

Install VMware Player, a free program for creating, configuring, and running virtual machines

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Installing OpenSUSE
OpenSUSE
Free, open-source Linux OS Download, install, and use the software at no cost as well as view and change the source code

Download International Organization for Standardization (ISO) image file

http://software.openSUSE.org/112/en

ISO image
Archive file containing the contents of a CD or DVD Virtual CD or DVD is a digital replica of a physical CD or DVD
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Installing OpenSUSE (contd.)

Installation divided into three main phases:
Preparation, installation, and configuration

Preparation phase
Interactive Select the language, time zone, desktop environment, hard disk setup, and user account and password

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Installing OpenSUSE (contd.)

Installation phase
Not interactive

Configuration phase
Set up the network, Internet access, and hardware components

Activity 2-3: Creating a Virtual Machine

Create a virtual machine that can be used for installing an OS

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OpenSUSE Boot Options

OpenSUSE Boot Options window
Displays options for the installation procedure Table 2-2 explains the options

Additional options:
F1 Help
Context sensitive help

F2 Language
Change the display language and corresponding keyboard layout

F3 Video Mode
Select a screen resolution, or select Text Mode
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Figure 2-3 The OpenSUSE Boot Options window

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Table 2-2 Settings in the Boot Options window

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OpenSUSE Boot Options (contd.)

F4 Source
Select the installation source medium

F5 Kernel
Displays a menu of functions you can disable if youre having problems with the regular installation

F6 Driver
Select if you have an optional driver update for openSUSE

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The Preparation Phase

Installation window
Left side
Overview of all the steps YaST takes to install openSUSE

Top right
Select a language and keyboard layout

Click Next
Accepts the license agreement

System analysis
Determine whether other OSs are installed on your system
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Figure 2-4 The System Probing window

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Installation Mode
Choices for installation:
Installation Update Repair Installed System

Other options
Use Automatic Configuration option
Selected by default Used when performing a new installation

Include Add-On Products from Separate Media option

Install add-ons from software repositories
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Clock and Time Zone

Select region and time zone Hardware clock set to Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) by default
Will switch from standard time to daylight savings time and back automatically

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Desktop Selection
Choose the environment: GNOME or KDE Other choices for desktop:
XFCE Desktop Minimal X Window Minimal Server Selection (Text Mode)

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Suggested Partitioning
YaST checks hard disk and displays a proposed partition setup Edit Partition Setup button
Change the partition setup

Logical Volume Management (LVM)

Creates virtual partitions that can span physical hard drives

Multiboot configuration
Install multiple OSs on one computer Choose which one to use when computer boots
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Create New User

Create a local user and set the password Use this password for system administrator option
Allows using the same password supplied for the user to access the system administrator (root) account

Receive System Mail option

Allows the user to receive system service messages

Automatic Login option

Boot straight to your desktop instead of being prompted for a username and password
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The Installation Phase

After preparation phase YaST displays installation settings
Alter settings by clicking the headers for each section or clicking the Change button

Runlevel
Operating state of the Linux OS Each runlevel offers different services Can change the runlevel system boots to

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The Installation Phase (contd.)

Table 2-3 openSUSE Linux runlevels

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Performing the Installation

Takes about 15 minutes Click the Details tab at any time
View installation log

After installation is finished

Computer restarts in the configuration phase

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The Configuration Phase

Automatic Configuration option
Configuration process is done automatically

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Hostname and Domain Name

Hostname
Computers machine name in the network

Domain name
Name of the network the host belongs to

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

Networking protocol Assigns IP addresses and other network configuration information to hosts automatically

/etc/hosts file
Map hostnames to IP addresses
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Figure 2-5 The Network Configuration window

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Test Internet Connection

Test network configuration
Select Yes, Test Connection to the Internet option

If test fails
Go back to Network Configuration window to correct the problem

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Online Update
YaST can perform online updates
Select Run Update, and then click Next Click Accept to install the patches Click Next to continue with the system configuration

Activity 2-4: Installing OpenSUSE as a Guest OS

Install openSUSE as a guest OS on your Windows computer

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The GNOME Desktop Environment

Easy-to-use graphical desktop environment Gives you quick access to applications

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The GNOME Desktop Environment (contd.)

Figure 2-6 The GNOME desktop environment

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Features of GNOME
GNOME desktop has two icons:
Folder represents home directory Trashcan represents deleted files If CD installed, also shows CD/DVD drive icon

Double-click icons to open them Right-click icons to display a menu of options Panel at the bottom
Compared with the taskbar in Windows Contains only two items: computer menu and Tomboy Notes applet
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Features of GNOME (contd.)

GNOME applets
Small programs available on the GNOME Panel Designed to give you quick access to useful applications

Workspace switcher
Workspace
Virtual screen on the Linux desktop for displaying open applications

Web browser
GNOME includes Firefox as the default Web browser
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Features of GNOME (contd.)

File manager
Nautilus is used to organize and access folders, files, and applications

Word processing
OpenOffice.org Writer
Open-source word-processing program for creating documents and incorporating charts, tables, and graphics

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Features of GNOME (contd.)

E-mail
Evolution is the e-mail software included with GNOME

Activity 2-5: Working with the GNOME Desktop Environment

Get hands-on practice in working with GNOME

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The KDE Desktop Environment

K Desktop Environment (KDE)
Gives you quick access to applications, such as word-processing programs, Web browsers, e-mail, and a file manager

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The KDE Desktop Environment (contd.)

Figure 2-7 The KDE desktop environment

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Features of KDE
Folder View widget
Called Desktop Folder Contains the contents of your Desktop directory

Desktop Folder widget

Shows the contents of the ~/Desktop directory Default icons
Firefox, My Computer, Office, Online Help, and openSUSE

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Features of KDE (contd.)

Quick Launch area
Part of KDE Panel Reserved for shortcuts to often used applications

KDE panel
Located at the bottom of the desktop Consists of the Quick Launch area, taskbar, and system tray

System tray
Contains the system clock, a volume control icon, and the Lock and Leave icons
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Features of KDE (contd.)

Activity 2-6: Working with KDE
Get hands-on practice in working with KDE

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Summary
YaST
GUI tool used to customize OS settings during and after installation

Virtualization
Run multiple OSs on one machine

VMware player
Free virtualization software package Used to create, configure, and run virtual machines on Windows or Linux PCs

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Summary (contd.)
OpenSUSE installation is divided into three phases:
Preparation, installation, and configuration

Desktop environments used most often with openSUSE:

GNOME and KDE

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