CANADA

Overview
Motto:"A Mari Usque Ad Mare" (Latin) Meaning "From Sea to Sea Capita ! Ottawa Largest Cit" ! #oronto O$$i%ia Languages ! &ng is' ( Fren%' &t'ni% groups ! )*+), &uropean- ./+0, Asian/+1, A2origina - 0+3, 4 a%5- .+0, Latin Ameri%an- 6+7, Mu tira%ia - 6+1, Ot'er

Map o$ Canada

8eograp'"9C imate
Canada is t'e se%ond argest %ountr" in t'e wor d- var"ing in % imate $rom perma$rost in t'e nort' to $our distin%t seasons o$ spring- summer$a - and winter nearer t'e equator+ Canada 'as .6 provin%es: and 1 $edera territories+ #'e %apita %it" is Ottawa- in Ontario+ ), o$ Canada;s and mass is %overed wit' over 0 mi ion a5es+ An estimated ./, o$ t'e wor d;s $res' water supp " is o%ated in Canada+ Some o$ Canada;s natura resour%es are: iron ore- ni%5e - <in%- %oppergo d- ead- rare eart' e ements- mo "2denum- potas'- diamonds- si ver$is'- tim2er- wi d i$e- %oa - petro eum- natura gas- and '"dropower

8overnment Stru%ture
Canada is a par iamentar" demo%ra%"- a $ederation- and a %onstitutiona monar%'"+ #'e t'ree eve s o$ government are t'e $edera government- t'e provin%ia and territoria governments- and t'e muni%ipa governments+ #'e $edera government is made up o$! #'e =ead o$ State: >ueen & i<a2et' ??- and #'e 8overnor 8enera t'at represents 'er- #'e =ouse o$ Commons: %onsisting o$ Mem2ers o$ @ar iament t'at ma5e t'e aws- #'e 'ead o$ government: #'e @rime Minister t'at %'ooses Mem2ers o$ @ar iament and t'e Senate- and #'e Senate: t'at reviews aws proposed 2" #'e =ouse o$ Commons+ Step'en =arper is t'e 00nd9 Current prime minister o$ Canada+

8overnment Stru%ture
#'e federal government is responsi2 e $or t'ings e$$e%ting t'e entire %ountr" su%' as %iti<ens'ip- immigration- nationa de$ense- trade wit' ot'er %ountries- t'e 2an5ing s"stem- %rimina %ode- and indigenous popu ations+ #'e $edera government a so 'as some invo vement in t'ings i5e emp o"ment- insuran%e- and Medi%are t'at were on%e %ontro ed 2" t'e provin%es- 2e%ause o$ t'e greater resour%es o$ t'e $edera government+

#'e provinces or territories 'ave responsi2i it" $or t'ings i5e edu%ation- 'ig'wa"s- 'ea t'%are- and we $are+

?n areas wit' a muni%ipa government- t'e municipal government is responsi2 e $or o%a matters i5e $ire$ig'ting and %it" streets+

&%onom"
As o$ t'e "ear 06.0 t'ere are an estimated .A+A7 mi ion peop e in t'e Canadian wor5$or%e+ @er%entages o$ o%%upations 'e d in t'e a2or $or%e in 066*! agri%u ture! 0,- manu$a%turing! .1,- %onstru%tion! *,- servi%es! )*,- ot'er! 1, A t'oug' man" peop e reap t'e 2ene$its o$ a strong e%onom"- )+1, o$ t'e popu ation was unemp o"ed in 06.0 and more t'an 3, o$ t'e Canadian popu ation ives in povert" as o$ an estimate done in 066A+ ./+A, o$ Canadians ages .7B0/ are unemp o"ed+ Canada is a eader in t'e produ%tion o$ go d- si ver- %opper- uraniumoi - natura gas- agri%u ture- wood pu p- and tim2erBre ated produ%ts+

?n$ant ?ndustr"! Cotton Mi s

Ce igion94e ie$s9Citua s
Canada 'as no o$$i%ia re igion+ A t'oug' a%%ording to t'e 'ouse 'o d surve" 06.. Canadians identi$" t'em se ves as $o ows C'ristianit" (*)+1,) NonBre igious (01+3,) ?s am (1+0,) =induism (.+7,) Si5'ism (.+/,) 4udd'ism (.+.,) Dudaism (.+6,) Ot'er re igions (6+*,)

Communi%ation- gestures ( 2od" anguage

S'a5ing 'ands is %ustomar" w'en 2eing introdu%ed to someone new in Canada+ Man" Canadians eEpe%t a $irm 'ands'a5e w'en meeting or departing as we as good e"e %onta%t+ Sa"ing =e oF- nodding "our 'ead- or waving "our 'and are a a%%epta2 e wa"s to sa" =e o+ ?t is proper to remove an" sung asses or 'at w'en spea5ing wit' someone+ ?n >ue2e% it is %onsidered 2ad $orm to spea5 w'en "ou 'ave "our 'ands in "our po%5ets+ As $ar as persona spa%e- 2od" movement- and 2od" gestures are %on%ernedB t'e norms are di$$erent 2etween &ng is' and Fren%' provin%es+ One to two $eet o$ spa%e 2etween two peop e is t'e usua persona 2oundar" in &ng is' areas a ong wit' a minima amount o$ 2od" movement- and itt e tou%'ing ot'er t'an 'ands'a5es+ Fren%' Canadians- on t'e ot'er 'and- ma" stand s ig't " % oser- tou%' more $requent "- and use more eEpressive gestures+

Communi%ation- gestures ( 2od" anguage

?n >ue2e%- t'e "t'um2s downF sign is %onsidered o$$ensive- as is s apping an open pa m over a % osed $ist+ "#'e "o5a"" sign made wit' t'e indeE $inger and t'um2 means "<ero" in >ue2e%+ #'e t'um2s up" sign is used to mean "o5a"F t'roug'out Canada+ @ointing at someone wit' "our indeE $inger is %onsidered rude+ Using a toot'pi%5- 2rus'ing "our 'air- or % ipping "our $ingernai s are a t'ings not to do in pu2 i%+

So%ia Norms
?t;s not un%ommon in Canada $or peop e w'o don;t 5now "ou to greet "ou wit' =iGF or 'ow are "ouHF w'en wa 5ing down t'e street+ ?t;s %onsidered rude to spea5 in a $oreign anguage in t'e presen%e o$ ot'ers w'o do not understand w'at is 2eing said+ Most Canadians on " a ow guests in rooms o$ t'eir 'ome t'at t'e" 'ave designated as pu2 i% or guestF rooms+ Man" Canadians are nonBsmo5ers and t'e" do not a ow smo5ing in t'eir 'omes or ve'i% es+ Ce%"% ing and not ittering are va ued 2e'aviors+ A ine is usua " $ormed w'en severa peop e are waiting $or somet'ing- i5e at a %o$$ee s'op+ Lines are $irst %ome $irst serve- and it is %onsidered ver" rude to %ut in+ 4argaining or 'agg ing is not a %ommon pra%ti%e in Canada ot'er t'an $or t'ings i5e 2u"ing a 'ouse- a ve'i% e- or dea ing wit' a private se er+ ?n Canada- w'ite i ies are asso%iated wit' $unera s and red roses are reserved $or more romanti% settings+

&ating =a2its
@un%tua it" is important- 2ut arriving .7 minutes ate $or a dinner part" is a%%epta2 e+ Canadians usua " 'ave t'e standard 1 mea s a da" and sometimes ma" 'ave tea %o$$ee in t'e a$ternoon or a sna%5 2rea5 at wor5+ @o ite " re$using $ood in Canada is un i5e " to %ause o$$en%e+ & 2ows s'ou d never 2e on t'e ta2 e w'en eating+ &ating w'i e wa 5ing in pu2 i% is not a%%epta2 e+

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