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ARTIFICIAL LIFT

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ARTIFICIAL LIFT ASSISTED PRODUCTION

6500

INITIAL PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE

Outflow
6000

NATURAL FLOW

5500

Pwf, psi

Reservoir Inflow Performance


5000

4500

4000 0 3000 6000 9000 12000 15000

Flow Rate ( STB/day )


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ARTIFICIAL LIFT ASSISTED PRODUCTION

6500

FINAL PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE

Outflow
6000

NOT FLOWING

5500

Pwf, psi

5000

4500

Reservoir Inflow Performance

4000 0 3000 6000 9000 12000 15000

Flow Rate ( STB/day )


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ARTIFICIAL LIFT ASSISTED PRODUCTION

6500

6000

BACK TO PRODUCTION BY ARTIFICIAL LIFT


Outflow

5500

Pwf, psi

5000

4500

Reservoir Inflow Performance

4000 0 3000 6000 9000 12000 15000

Flow Rate ( STB/day )


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ARTIFICIAL LIFT

As pressure in the reservoir declines, the producing capacity of the wells will decline. The decline is caused by a decrease in the ability of the reservoir to supply fluid to the well bore. Methods are available to reduce the flowing well bottom hole pressure by artificial means. BOMBEO ELECTRICAL ELECTROSUMERGIBLE SUBMERSIBLE PUMP (BES) (ESP)

BOMBEO CAVIDADES PROGRESSIVE CAVITY PROGRESIVAS PUMP (PCP) (BCP)

SUCKER ROD BEAM PUMP (BP) BOMBEO MECANICO (BALANCIN) BOMBEO HYDRAULIC HIDRAULICO PUMP (piston (pistn or jet) o jet)

POZOS EN FLUJO NATURAL NATURAL FLOW WELL

GAS CONTINUOUS LIFT CONTINUO GAS LIFT (GL)

PLUNGER LIFT PLUNGER LIFT

CHAMBER CHAMBER LIFT LIFT


INTERMITTENT GAS LIFT GAS LIFT INTERMITENTE ARTIFICIALPLUNGER PLUNGERLIFT LIFT ARTIFICIAL
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Comparison of Lift Methods


Typical Artificial Lift Application Range
Ft./Lift
12,000 11,000 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 BPD

Rod Pumps

PC Pumps

Hydraulic Lift

Submersible Pump

Gas Lift

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Comparison of Lift Methods


System Efficiency by Artificial Lift Method
100 90

Overall System Efficiency (%)

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
PCP Hydraulic Piston Pumps Beam Pump ESP Hydraulic Jet Pump Gas Lift (Continuous) Gas Lift (Intermittent)

Artificial Lift Type

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SCHEMATIC OF A CONTINUOUS GAS LIFT WELL

Flowline

Gas Lift involves the supply of high pressure gas to the casing/tubing annulus and its injection into the tubing deep in the well. The increased gas content of the produced fluid reduces the average flowing density of the fluids in the tubing, hence increasing the formation drawdown and the well inflow rate.
Pwh Pressure

Gas Injection

Surface Casing Production Casing


Depth Tubing Operating Valve Gaslift valves Packer Pwf Pr
Static gradient

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SCHEMATIC OF A CONTINUOUS GAS LIFT WELL


SIDE POCKET MANDREL WITH GAS LIFT VALVE

Flowline

Gas Injection

Surface Casing Production Casing Tubing Gaslift valves

Packer

Operating Valve

video
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TYPES OF CONTINUOUS GAS LIFT VALVES

Casing Pressure Operated Valve

Tubing Pressure Operated Valve

Pressure chamber Bellows

Stem

Piod
Ball

Piod

Ppd
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Ppd

Valve Mechanic Casing Pressure Operated Valve


Required Pressure to open the valve

Po = Pd - Pt R 1-R where R = Ap / Ab
Required Dome pressure to get the opening pressure at P, T:
Pc

Pd Ab

Ap

Pd = Po (1 R) +Pt R
Pt

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GAS LIFT MANDRELS

SIDE POCKET MANDRELS

CONVENTIONAL MANDREL

14
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RK / BK LATCH

15
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KICKOVER TOOL
THE KICKOVER TOOL IS RUN ON WIRELINE AND USED TO PULL AND SET GAS LIFT VALVES. THE ABILITY TO WIRELINE CHANGE-OUT GAS LIFT VALVES GIVES GREAT FLEXIBILITY IN THE GAS LIFT DESIGN

16
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17
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18
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UNLOADING PROCESS OF A GAS LIFT WELL

Valve 1 Valve 2 Valve 3

open open open

Valve 1 Valve 2 Valve 3

open open open

Valve 1
Valve 2 Valve 3

open open open

Valve 1
Valve 2 Valve 3

closed

Valve 1 Valve 2 Valve 3

closed open open

Valve 1 Valve 2 Valve 3

closed closed open

open
open

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Video 2

PRESSURES AND PRESSURE GRADIENTS VERSUS DEPTH IN CONTINUOUS GAS LIFT


WELLHEAD PRESSURE GAS INJECTION PRESSURE

PRESSURE
AVAILABLE PRESSURE INJECTION POINT

DEPTH

BALANCE POINT

BOTTOMHOLE FLOWING PRESSURE

100 PSI
AVERAGE. RESERVOIR PRESSURE Copyright 2007, , All rights reserved

GAS LIFT WELL PERFORMANCE

BOTTOM HOLE FLOWING PRESSURE, Pwf

Pr

Excessive GLR

Inflow Performance IPR

LIQUID PRODUCTION RATE, QL

Maximum liquid production

Available gas volume

Eonomic Optimum

LIQUID PRODUCTION RATE, QL

GAS INJECTION RATE, Qgi

(a) Gas lift well analysis

(b) Effect of gas injection rate

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EFFECT OF THE POINT OF GAS INJECTION DEPTH

Maximum Injection Depth

LIQUID RATE, QL

Available Gas Volume

GAS INJECTION RATE, Qgi

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Injection Depth

GAS LIFT DESIGN FOR CASING PRESSURE OPERATED VALVES

Available gas surface pressure

Psep Pwh
Closing pressure

pko

pressure

pvc1

Opening pressure

pvc2

depth

pcv3

Tubing flowing pressure

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Gas Injection Rate

GAS INJECTION RATE (MMSCF/D)

ORIFICE FLOW

SUB-CRITICAL FLOW

PTUBING = 55%

PRESSURE (PSI)
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PCASING

Different Injection Gas Rates


Gas Passage through a RDO-5 Orifice Valve with a 1/2" Port (163 deg F, Gas S.G. 0.83, Discharge Coefficient 0.84)
9 8

Gas Fl ow Rate MMSCF/D

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000

Pressure psi

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Gas Lift Performance Curve


SLOPE = 1.0 Economic Limit 4
x 1 NET OIL PRODUCTION OR REVENUE x x

Technical Optimum

Kick-Off Lift-Gas Requirement

x x

2 Initial Oil Rate at Kick-off 3 Technical cut-off limit 4 Max. Oil Rate

x
x x x

Incremental Lift-Gas Volume

2
x

1
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LIFT-GAS INJECTION RATE OR PRODUCTION COSTS

OPTIMIZATION OF GAS LIFT GAS DISTRIBUTION

Qo
Qo1 Optimum total field gas lift performance curve

WELL 1

Qgi Qo
WELL 2 Qo2

Qot
Qgi
n Qoi i=1 n Qgi i=1

Nodal analysis Qo
WELL n Qon

Qgit

Qgi
Qgi

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GAS LIFT WELL DIAGNOSIS

SCENARIOS
1. CONTNUOUS GAS INJECTION AND LIQUID PRODUCTION.

2. CONTINUOUS GAS INJECTION AND NO LIQUID PRODUCTION. 3. THE WELL DOES NOT RECEIVE GAS AND THERE IS NOT LIQUID PRODUCTION

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GAS LIFT WELL DIAGNOSIS


CONTINUOUS GAS INJECTION AND LIQUID PRODUCTION SCENARIO

DETERMINATION OF THE WORKING GAS LIFT VALVE

Pwh
.

Inj.Pressure
.

Pr Pr
A

Val. 1

Depth

Val. 2

Val. 3

A B C

QA

QB

QC

QL

When there is not consistency in the data, then a hole in the tubing or multiple injection points may exist, in which case a temperature log is necessary to arrive at a final conclusion.
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GAS LIFT WELL DIAGNOSIS CONTINUOUS GAS INJECTION AND NO LIQUID PRODUCTION SCENARIO

Under this scenario the well is circulating gas due to the following possible causes: Under this scenario the well is circulating gas due to the following possible causes: Hole in the tubing Hole in the tubing No transference of the injection point to the next valve No transference of the injection point to the next valve Formation damage restricts the inflow capacity of the reservoir Formation damage restricts the inflow capacity of the reservoir Organic or inorganic deposits in the tubing or flowline Organic or inorganic deposits in the tubing or flowline The causes of no transference of the injection point to the next deeper valve are: The causes of no transference of the injection point to the next deeper valve are: High tubing pressure High tubing pressure Low gas injection pressure Low gas injection pressure

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GAS LIFT WELL DIAGNOSIS


NO GAS INJECTION AND NO LIQUID PRODUCTION SCENARIO

Possible causes: Possible causes: Gas injection valve closed Gas injection valve closed Gas line broken Gas line broken Gas line restriction due to hydrates formation (Freezing Problems) Gas line restriction due to hydrates formation (Freezing Problems) High gas lift valve opening pressure High gas lift valve opening pressure

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CONTINUOUS GAS LIFT Range of application

Medium-light oil (15 - 40 API) GOR 0 - 4000 SCF / STB Depth limited to compression capacity Low capacity to reduce the bottom hole flowing pressure High initial investment (Gas compressors cost) Installation cost low (slick line job) Low operational and maintenance cost Simplified well completions Flexibility - can handle rates from 10 to 50,000 bpd Can best handle sand / gas / well deviation Intervention relatively less expensive

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ROD PUMPING SYSTEM


Walking Beam CounterBalance Pitman Gear Box Horse Head Elevator Polish Rod Stuffing Box Flowline Gas line

Prime Mover

SUCKER RODS PLUNGER

Casing

crank

TRAVELING VALVE

Tubing
Sucker Rods
FLUID
WORKING BARREL STANDING VALVE

FLUID

Plunger Traveling Valve

PLUNGER MOVING DOWN

PLUNGER MOVING UP

Standing Valve

ANIM
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ROD PUMPING SYSTEM


SUBSURFACE PUMP COMPONENTS

SUCKER ROD PLUNGER BARREL

STANDING VALVE

BALLS AND SEATS

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ROD PUMPING SYSTEM RANGE OF APPLICATION

Extra heavy-light oil (8.5 - 40 API) Oil Production: 20 - 2000 STB/day GOR: 2.000 PCN / BN (can handle free gas, but pump efficiency is decreased) Maximum depth: 9000 feet for light oil and 5000 feet for heavy-extra heavy oil Subsurface equipment stands up to 500 F Tolerant to solids production (5-10 % volume) Tolerant to pumping off conditions
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Types of Pumping Units

Mark II

Beam Balanced

Low Profile
Copyright 2007, , All rights reserved Drawings Courtesy of Lufkin Industries, Inc. Lufkin, Texas

Air Balanced

BEAM PUMPING SYSTEM (AIR BALANCED UNIT)

1. Mtodos de Levantamiento Artificial


2. Situacin Actual de los Mtodos de Levantamiento Artificial en Venezuela

3. Descripcin de los diferentes Sistemas de Levantamiento Artificial


4. Estado del Arte del Levantamiento Artificial

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How can we change the flow rate ?


Change the pump stroke length
Typical range 54 306 inches

Change the number of strokes


Typical range 5 15 spm

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Downhole Pumps

Insert Pump - fits inside the production tubing and is seated in nipple in the tubing. Tubing Pump - is an integral part of the production tubing string.

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Insert Pumps
Pump is run inside the tubing attached to sucker rods
Pump size is limited by tubing size Lower flow rates than tubing pump

Easily removed for repair

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Insert Pump

Tubing

Plunger

Traveling valve Barrel Standing valve Seating nipple Ball & seat
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Cage

Tubing Pumps

Integral part of production tubing string


Cannot be removed without removing production tubing

Permits larger pump sizes


Used where higher flow rates are needed

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Tubing Pump
Tubing Connection w/tubing

Plunger

Traveling valve Barrel Cage Standing valve Ball & seat


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Tubing Anchors
Often a device is used to prevent the tubing string from moving with the rod pump during actuation. A tubing anchor prevents the tubing from moving, and allows the tubing to be left in tension which reduces rod wear.

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Tubing Anchors
No buckling Neutral point

Buckling

Downstroke
Standing valve closed; full fluid load stretched tubing down to most elongated position. Tension in tubing at maximum for cycle. No buckling

Upstroke
Traveling valve closed; portion of fluid load transferred to rods. Tubing relieved of load contracts. Tension in tubing at minimum for cycle. Buckling occurs from pump to neutral point

Breathing

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Pump Displacement (Sizing)


PD = 0.1484 x Ap (in2) x Sp (in/stroke) x N (strokes/min)
PD = pump displacement (bbl/day) Ap = cross sectional area of piston (in2) Sp = plunger stroke (in) N = pumping speed (strokes/min) 0.1484 = 1440 min/day / 9702 in3/bbl

Manufacturers put the constant and Ap together as K for each plunger size, so PD = K x Sp X N
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Volumetric efficiency
Calculated pump displacement will differ from surface rate due to:
Slip/leakage of the plunger Stroke length stretch Viscosity of fluid Gas breakout on chamber Reservoir formation factor (Bo) defines higher downhole volume

Volumetric efficiency Ev = Q / PD
Typical values : 70 80%
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Exercise
A)Determine the pump speed (SPM) needed to produce 400 STB/d at the surface with a rod pump having a 2-inch diameter plunger, a 80-inch effective plunger stroke length, and a plunger efficiency due to slippage of 80%. The oil formation volume factor is 1.2. B)If my pump speed is not to exceed 10 SPM what is an alternative plunger design ?
Sol.
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Exercise (Equations)

A) SPM = (q x Bo / Ev) / (0.1484 x Ap x Sp)

B) Ap = (q x Bo / Ev) / (0.1484 x SPM x Sp)

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Rod Design Considerations



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Weight of rod string Weight of fluid Maximum stress in rod Yield strength of rod material Stretch Buckling Fatigue loading Inertia of rod and fluid as goes through a stroke Buoyancy Friction Well head pressure
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Counterweight
Balances the load on the surface prime mover A pump with no counterweight would have a cyclic load on the prime mover load only on upstroke Sized on an average load through the cycle
Equivalent to buoyant weight of rods plus half the weight of the fluid
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Prime Mover HorsePower Estimations


Hydraulic Horsepower = power required to lift a given volume of fluid vertically in a given period of time = 7.36 x 10-6 x Q x G x L where Q = rate b/d (efficiency corrected), G= SG of fluid, L = net lift in feet Frictional Horsepower = 6.31 x 10-7 x W x S x N Where W=weight of rods in lb, S=stroke length,N=SPM Polished Rod Horsepower (PRHP)= sum (hydraulic, frictional) Prime mover HP = PRHP x CLF / surface efficiency where CLF = cyclic load factor dependent on model of motor typical range 1.1 to 2.0

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Gas Separators
A rod pump is designed to pump or lift liquids only. Any entrained gas (formation gas) must be separated from the produced liquids and allowed to vent up the annulus. If gas is allowed to enter the pump, damage will often occur due to gas lock or fluid pound.

WF

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Pump Problems
Downhole pump failures can result from: Abrasion from solids Corrosion (galvanic, H2S embrittlement, or acid) Scale buildup Normal wear seal and valves Gas locking Stress from fluid pounding Rod breaks Plunger jams

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Rod Pumping Advantages


Possible to pump off Best understood by field personnel Some pumps can handle sand or trash Usually the cheapest (where suitable) Low intake pressure capabilities Readily accommodates volume changes Works in high temperatures Reliable diagnostic and troubleshooting tools available
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Disadvantages
Maximum volume decreases rapidly with depth Susceptible to free gas Frequent repairs Deviated wellbores are difficult Reduced tubing bore Subsurface safety difficult Doesnt utilize formation gas Can suffer from severe corrosion

Identifying Problems with Rod Pumping


Dynamometer Measures the load applied to the top rod in a string of sucker rods (the polished rod) A dynamometer card is a recording of the loads on the polished rod throughout one full pumping cycle (upstroke and downstroke) A dynamometer load cell can be permanently installed on a well to continuously monitor rod loads and dynamics. This device is called a Pump-off Controller

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CONVENTIONAL DYNAGRAPH CARD

Upstroke

Load

Downstroke Displacement

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Dynamometer Card

Upstroke

Polished Rod Load

F Maximum load D C E

End of upstroke and beginning of downstroke A

End of downstroke and beginning of upstroke


Downstroke

Minimum load

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Polished Rod Position (0 - stroke length)

Sonolog Fluid Level Survey

Charge ignited

Sonolog

Sound reflection Tubing collars

Fluid level Fluid level

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BEAM PUMPING WELL OPTIMIZATION

REAL TIME DATA MONITORING

Variables
Dynagraph Card Motor Current Demand Liquid Production Rate Production Gas Liquid Ratio Water Cut Tubing Head Pressure and Temperature Casing Head Pressure and Temperature Bottom Hole Flowing Pressure and Temperature (fluid level in the annulus) Pumping Velocity

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BEAM PUMPING WELL OPTIMIZATION

Variables which could change once a year


Data required for calculations at a particular point in time during the life of the reservoir : Reservoir Average Pressure and Depth Stroke Length Pump Configuration Tubing Configuration Flowline Configuration Production Casing Size Oil PVT data

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AUTOMATIC BEAM PUMPING WELL TARGET OPTIMIZATION

(a) Full pump card The conditions of an optimized beam pumping well are maximum production with a dynamic fluid level at 100 feet above the pump or sufficient submergence of the pump to produce a full pump card . Displacement Load

(b) Pump off card Load

For low productivity wells the full pump card Condition is difficult to maintain and a pump off condition is generated. When pump off condition is detected, the pumping unit is shut down by a pump off controller for a predetermined period of time to allow fluid build up in the casing-tubing annulus. The shut down time may be determined from a build up test.

Displacement
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PUMP ROD PERFORMANCE FROM CONVENTIONAL DYNAGRAPH CARD


(b) Restriction in the well

Load

Displacement

Load

(c) Sticking Plunger

Load

(d) Excessive friction in the pumping system

Displacement
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Displacement

PUMP ROD PERFORMANCE FROM CONVENTIONAL DYNAGRAPH CARD

Load

Displacement (e) Liquid pound

Load

Displacement (f) Gas pound

Load

Displacement (g) Gas lock


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Load

Displacement (h) Plunger undertravel

PUMP OFF CONTROLLER

Pump off Controller

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Typical ESP Installation

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The Basic ESP System 100 to 100,000 BPD Installed to 15,000 ft Equipment diameters from 3.38 to 11.25 Casing Sizes - 4 1/2 to 13 5/8 Variable Speed Available Metallurgies to Suit Applications

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ELECTRICAL SUBMERSIBLE PUMP

Range of Application
Extra heavy - light (8.5 - 40 API) Gas Volume at bottom hole conditions: less than 15 % Maximum Temperature: 500 F Very sensible to solids production and pump off condition.

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The Basic ESP System

Each "stage" consists of an impeller and a diffuser. The impeller takes the fluid and imparts kinetic energy to it. The diffuser converts this kinetic energy into potential energy (head).

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ELECTRICAL SUBMERSIBLE PUMP SCHEMATIC

Oil flows up, through suction side of impeller, and is discharged with higher pressure, out through the diffuser. Impeller Diffuser Shaft
video
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ESP PRESSURE GRADIENT PROFILE

Pwh Pressure Pwh gas

Depth

ESP

Pdn Pup Pwf

Pup P

Pdn

Pwf

Pr

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NODAL ANALYSIS FOR A PUMPING SYSTEM

Discharge Pressure, Pdn

FLOWING PRESSURE

P Intake Pressure, Pup

0 0
FLOW RATE, QL HP = 1.72x10-5P (QoBo + QwBw)
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ELECTRICAL SUBMERSIBLE PUMP PERFORMANCE CURVE

HEAD CAPACITY

OPTIMUM RANGE

HEAD, ft / stage

HP MOTOR LOAD

100 PUMP EFFICIENCY,% 0

PUMP EFFICIENCY

HORSE POWER SP. GR: =1.0

0
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FLOW RATE, QL

ESP SELECTION

1) TOTAL DYNAMIC HEAD = P / fluid density 2) FROM TYPICAL PUMP PERFORMANCE CURVE DETERMINE HEAD (FT) PER STAGE AND EFFICIENCY TOTAL DYNAMIC HEAD 3) NUMBER OF STAGES = FEET/STAGE

4) HORSE POWER REQ.(HP) = 1.72x10-5P (QoBo + QwBw)

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Progressive Cavity Pump

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PROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMP SYSTEM

Gear Box Drive head Electric motor

ROTOR

Wellhead

Flowline

Casing Tubing Rod String

STATOR

Rotor Stator Stop pin

video
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When the rotor and stator are in place, defined sealed cavities are formed. As the rotor turns within the stator, the cavities progress in an upward direction. When fluid enters a cavity, it is actually driven to the surface in a smooth steady flow.

PROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMP SYSTEM

When the rotor and stator are in place, defined sealed cavities are formed. As the rotor turns within the stator, the cavities progress in an upward direction. When fluid enters a cavity, it is actually driven to the surface in a smooth steady flow.

video
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PROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMP SYSTEM Range of Application and Capabilities

Extra heavy Light oil (8.5 - 40 API) Production Capacity: 20-3500 STB/day GOR: 0 -5000 SCF/ STB Maximum Depth: - 3000 feet: 500 - 3000 STB/day heavy-extra heavy oil - 7000 feet : < 500 STB/day heavy-extra heavy oil Maximum Temperature for subsurface pump: 250 F Low profile surface components (very low environmental impact) Does not create emulsions
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PROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMP SYSTEM Range of Application and Capabilities (cont.)

Able to produce:
High concentrations of sand. High viscosity fluid. High percentages of free gas.

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Progressive Cavity Pump Advantages

Simple two piece design Capable of handling solids & high viscosity fluids Will not emulsify fluid High volumetric efficiencies

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Progressive Cavity Pump Limitations


Production rates 3500 bbls/day
Lift capacity 7000 ft. Elastomer incompatible with certain fluids/gases
Aromatics (12%) H2S (max. 6%), CO2(max. 30%) Other chemical additives

Max. Temperature up to 250 F.


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PROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMP WITH BOTTOM DRIVE MOTOR


Tubing

APPLICATIONS:

Progressing Cable Cavity Pump Intake Gear Box & Flex Drive Protector

Rotor Stator

Horizontal wells
Deep wells

Intake Gearbo x

Deviated wells with severe dogleg


Motor

Protect or Motor

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Applications

Heavy oil and bitumen. Production of solids-laden fluids. Medium to sweet crude. Agricultural areas. Urban areas.

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Progressing Cavity Pump Basics Characteristics

Interference fit between the rotor and stator creates a series of isolated cavities Rotation of the rotor causes the cavities to move or progress from one end of the pump to the other

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Progressing Cavity Pump Basics Displacement

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Progressing Cavity Pump Basics Flow Characteristics

Non Pulsating Pump Generates Pressure Required To Move Constant Volume Flow is a function of RPM

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Progressing Cavity Pump Basics Pulsationless Flow

Q
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FLOW RATE

=A

CAVITY AREA

FLUID CAVITY VELOCITY

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Progressing Cavity Pump Basics PC Pump Types

CONVENTIONAL 1:2

MULTILOBE 2:3

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Progressing Cavity Pump Basics Rotation


The Rotor turns eccentrically within the Stator. Movement is actually a combination of two movements: Rotation about its own axis Rotation in the opposite direction of its own axis about the axis of the Stator.

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Progressing Cavity Pump Basics PCP Description

Stator Pitch (one full turn)

Eccentricity

Stator

Rotor

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Progressing Cavity Pump Basics PCP Description


D = Minor Diameter of Stator Major Diameter of Stator

D P
P = Stator Pitch length (one full turn = two cavities)
4E

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Progressing Cavity Pump Basics Pumping Principle

The geometry of the helical gear formed by the rotor and the stator is fully defined by the following parameters: the diameter of the Rotor = D (in.) eccentricity = E (in.) pitch length of the Stator = P (in.) The minimum length required for the pump to create effective pumping action is the pitch length. This is the length of one seal line.

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Progressing Cavity Pump Basics Pumping Principle


Each full turn of the Rotor produces two cavities of fluid. Pump displacement = Volume produced for each turn of the rotor V = C *D*E*P C = Constant (SI: 5.76x10-6, Imperial: 5.94x10-4) At zero head, the flow rate is directionally proportional to the rotational speed N: Q = V*N

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Example
Given: Pump eccentricity (e) = 0.25 in Pump rotor diameter (D) = 1.5 in Pump stator pitch (p) = 6.0 in Pump speed (N) = 200 RPM Find: Pump displacement Theoretical fluid rate

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HYDRAULIC JET PUMP

NOZZLE THROAT DIFUSSER

FLUIDO DE POWER FLUID COMBINED POTENCIA FLUID RETURN PRODUCTION INLET BOQUILLA NOZZLE CHAMBER

CASING REVESTIDOR

THROAT DIFUSSER DIFUSOR

FORMATION FORMACION

FLUIDOS FLUIDS

video
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HYDRAULIC JET PUMP


OPPORTUNITIES FOR APLICATION: Can be installed in small tubing diameter (down to 2-3/8) and with coiled tubing (1-1/4). Highly deviated/horizontal wells with small hole diameter. Can be hydraulically recovered without using wireline. Low equipment costs No moving parts High solids content High GOR No depth limitations Extra heavy-light oil (8.5 - 40 API) Production: 100 -20000 STB/day
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