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The closer the elements are on the periodic table, their electronegativities are more similar more likely to form covalent bonds Farther away greater difference in electronegativity more likely to form ionic bonds.
Metal + nonmetal = usually ionic Nonmetal + nonmetal = usually covalent.
Properties, Contd
3) Covalent compounds tend to be more flammable than ionic compounds.
There are exceptions to this rule!
Triple Bond
Shortest bond length Strongest
Double Bond
Single Bond
Longest bond length Weakest
Prefixes
Subscript
1 2 3
prefix
Mono DiTri-
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
TetraPentaHexaHeptaOctaNonaDeca-
HCl
Hydrochloric acid
H2SO4
Sulfuric acid
Diatomics
Diatomic elements are elements that do not exist singularly in nature because they are highly reactive. Which elements are the diatomics? HON, its the halogens! H2, O2, N2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2