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ODONTOGENESIS
Odontogenesis is the complex process by which teeth form from embryonic cells, grow, and erupt into the mouth.
Dentition
Primary dentition develops during prenatal period
20 teeth
ODONTOGENESIS
Enamel, dentin, cementum, and the periodontium must all develop during appropriate stages of fetal development. Primary (baby) teeth start to form between the sixth and eighth weeks Permanent teeth begin to form in the twentieth week
l.m.brocklebank
Dental age
Panoramic radiograph dental age chronological age.
The Growth
DEMIRJIAN
universally used
simplicity, minimal radiation exposure, the availability of multiple ossification centers for evaluation of maturity.
Method
Greulich and Pyle (GP method)
: faster, easier
: more accurate
Greulich and Pyle based on a single x-ray of the fingers, hand, and wrist
easily x-rayed with minimal radiation shows many bones in a single view.
Tanner and Whitehouse ("TW2" method) doesnt use a scale based on the age based on a set of bones standard maturity for each age population. 20 regions of interest (ROIs) located in the main bones are considered for the bone age evaluation
1. First metacarpal 2. Proximal phalanx of the thumb 3. Distal phalanx of the thumb 4. Third metacarpal 5. Proximal phalanx of the third finger 6. Middle phalanx of the third finger 7. Distal phalanx of the third finger 8. Fifth metacarpal 9. Proximal phalanx of the fifth finger 10. Middle phalanx of the fifth finger 11. Distal phalanx of the fifth finger
number
increase or decrease
position form
individual or multiple
l.m.brocklebank
DENTAL AGE
Photography
Radiography
Age 15, male The epiphysis of the radius has capped it's shaft. All carpals have attained their early adult shape. Fusion is under way in the epiphyses of all distal phalanges.
Age 17, female In the ulna and in the heads of all fingersthe epiphyseal lines have been almost completely obliterated. In the radius thin terminal lines extend completely across the shaft (see arrow).
Age 17, female Epiphysial lines of ulna and radius still smooth marked. The intersticesof ulna and radius mostly ossified,but perceptible. Fusion is nearly complete.
Hypodontia
is a lack of some tooth development the most common developmental abnormalities, 3.58.0% of the population (not including third molars). more common in permanent than primary dentition associated with the absence of a dental lamina infection , chemotherapy medications also associated with many syndromes (Down syndrome and Crouzon syndrome )
Severe Hypodontia/Anodontia
complete lack of tooth development jarang biasanya pd Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
Hyperdontia
is the development of extraneous teeth occurs in 13% of Caucasians, more frequent in Asians 86% involve a single extra tooth in the mouth, most commonly found in the maxilla (incisors) occasionally associated with other developmental defects more common in females than males
Double teeth developmental anomaly teeth usually united by dentine (with or without pulp) more common in primary than permanent dentition anterior teeth mainly involved Concrescence acquired anomaly union by cementum alone following hypercementosis
GERMINASI PREMOLAR
cause : unknown;
disturbance in the neural crest cells Infection radiation therapy decrease in vascular supply
Regional Odontodysplasia
never erupt into the mouth have small crowns yellow-brown irregular shapes. radiographs translucent "wispy," "ghost teeth"
Neoplastic, odontogenic
benign
cementomas cementifying fibroma myxoma
ameloblastoma *
Neoplastic, odontogenic
male, 15, clinical expansion definite root resorption thinning of cortex lingually no cortex evident buccally findings suggest a locally aggressive lesion
l.m.brocklebank
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