LOGICAL REASONING

NARENS
INSTITUTE FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS

Topics To Be Discussed
Family tree Codes Conditionality and Grouping Series Direction Sense Statement Logic

Family Tree

Introduction
Hierarchical structure of a family.

It is called as Blood relations problems.

Identify genders by different notation.

Problem 1
There are six members in a family A,B,C,D,E,F who are related to each other. B is Fs daughterin-law. D is As only grand child. C is Ds only

uncle. A has only 2 children F and C, one male and one female. E is father of C?
1.Who is the grand mother of D? 2.How many males and females are present?

Family tree
A is the grand mother of D

There are 3 males and 3 females in

the family.

Problem 2
A is Bs sister. C is the father of B and
D is the mother of A. F is Bs child. Fs father is G. How is G related to A?

Family tree
Answer:
As A and B are sisters and G is the

husband of B we can easily find the

solution.

G is As brother in law.

Problem 3
A,B,C,D,E,F. out of these we have 2 married couples. E is a teacher married to a doctor who is mother of C and F. B is a lawyer married to A. A has one son and one grand son. Of the two married ladies, one is housewife. We have one student and one male engineer. How is A related to C?

Family tree
Answer:

A is Cs Grandmother.

Housewife in a family is also A.

Problem 4
Showing a photograph Asha said
He is the brother of only daughter of my mother" and asked how is

she related to him. (Wipro 2008).

Family Tree

Answer: She is pointing at her

brother.

Problem 5

A family has 7 members 4 men and 3 women. They are L, M, N, O, P, Q, R. M is businessman and father of P. Q is doctor and paternal grandfather of P. N is Housewife and daughter in law of O. R is Ps uncle and an advocate. N is not Ps mother. O is not married to M. We have 3 married couples in the family, one architect, one pilot and a journalist too. i. If Q is the grandfather of pilot. What is his daughter in laws profession? ii. If O is the pilot and the journalist is

Family tree
Answer:
i) Cannot find

ii) Journalist

iii) QMRP

Problem 6
A man shows his friend a woman sitting
in a park and says She is the daughter of my grandmother's only son. What is the relation between the two members?

Family tree
Answer:

Daughter

Problem 7
Ram is the brother of shyam and
Mahesh is the father of Ram. Jagat is the brother of Priya and Priya is the daughter of Shaym. Who is the uncle of

Family tree
Answer: Ram

Problem 8
A, B, C, D, E and F is a group of six persons of a family. The number of gents

is the same as the number of ladies. A

and E are sons of F. D is the mother of

Two children of whom one is a boy and

the other is a girl. B is the son of A. in

Problem 8
1. Find females in the family? 2. Who is the uncle of C?

3. Who is the husband of D?

4. Who are all the children of D? 5. Who is the grand daughter of F?

Family tree
Answer:

1.CDF 2. E 3. A 4. BC 5. C.

Problem 9
A family consists of five members A, B, C, D and E. E has two sons and unmarried daughter and a daughter in law. The daughter in law is an officer and her brother in law A is an engineer. C is a doctor. The sister of B is a violinist who has learned to play violin from Bs wife? Who is the daughter of E? How is A related to D?

Family tree
Answer:
1. C 2. A is the brother in law of D

3. D.

Problem 10

Looking at a portrait of a man, Harsh said, His mother is the wife of my fathers son. Brothers and sisters I have none. At whose portrait was Harsh looking?

Family tree

Answer: His Son

Problem 11

Rahul told Anand, Yesterday I

defeated the only brother of

the daughter of my
grandmother. Whom did Rahul defeat?

Family tree

Answer: Father

Problem 12

Deepak said to Nitin, that boy

playing with the football is the

younger of the two brothers of

the daughter of my fathers wife. How is the boy playing

Family tree

Answer: Brother

Problem 13

Neelam, who is Deepaks

daughter, says to Deepika,

your mother Rekha is the

younger sister of my father who is the third child of

Family tree

Answer: Grandfather

Problem 14

A is the son of B. C, Bs sister has a son D and a daughter E. F is the maternal uncle of D. 1.How is A related to D? 2.How is E related to F? 3.How many nephews does F have?

Family tree

Answer: 1.Cousin 2.Niece 3.Two

Problem 15

Shobha is the niece of Ashish. Ashishs mother is Priya. Kamala is Priyas mother. Kamalas husband is Hari. Krishna is the mother in law of Hari. How is Shobha related to Hari?

Family tree

Answer: Great Granddaughter

Codes

 Codes may be numerical or alphabets.

Introduction

To decode find the format of

arrangement.

The arrangement can be any one of

the following

1. Reversed order
2. Gaps in between

Problem 1

The term FIRE is coded as DGPC, then how will SNOW be

coded as?

Codes Answer:

SNOW can be coded as QLMU.

Problem 2

SIKKIM is coded as THLJJL. Then how will TRAIN be coded as?

Codes Answer:

TRAIN can be coded as UQBHO

Problem 3
In a certain code Hit Bit Mit means Git Rim Nit Sit Pit Mit means Lit Git Tit and Fit Zit Pit means Dit Vit Tit. What does Sit stand for in that code

Codes

Answer:

Sit coded as Lit

Problem 4

If DIAMOND is VQYMKLV, FEMALE is _____

Codes Answer:

FEMALE will be coded as TUMYNU.

Problem 5

If the word VIOLENCE is coded as

EVCINOEL. Find the code for SEPARATE?

(Wipro

Codes

Answer: :

ESTEAPRA

Problem 6

If the word "CODING" is represented as DPEJOH , then the word "CURFEW" can be

represented?

Codes
Answer:

dvsgfx

Problem 7

If "segment" is coded as rffndou, what is the code for ritual.

(Wipro)

Codes
Answer

qhutbk

Problem 8

? : BGLQ : : YDIN : VAFK (Wipro)

Codes

Answer:

EJOT

Problem 9

In a certain code each letter is coded as A = D, B=E, C=F

What is the code for SHOOT?

Codes

Answer:

VKRRW

Problem 10

If DBMDVUUB = CALCUTTA Then BOMBAY = ?

(BAAN)

Codes

Answer:

ANLAZX

Problem 11

In a certain code, TRIPPLE is

written as SQHOOKD. How DISPOSE can be written in that

code?

Codes

Answer: CHRONRD

Problem 12

If the word PEARL is written as

MBXOI, then how the word DIAMOND would be written in

that code?

Codes

Answer:

AFXJLKA

Problem 13

In a certain code, SOLVED

is written as LOSVDE. How WEIGHT will be written in

that code?

Codes

Answer: IEWGTH

Problem 14

If in a language INDIA is
coded as JMEHB then in that language SOURAV will be coded as ?

Codes

Answer: TNVQBU

Problem 15

In a certain code
DUPLICATE is written as MRVFJFVBE. How is

CARTOUCHE written in that

code?

Codes

Answer:

UTBEPFJDW

Number Coding The one done before was alphabet coding now it is number coding.
The usual format of coding is we follow the some steps as given below;

1. Coding starts from certain digit. 2. Coding in some series 3. Coding in the same numbers

Problem 1

If Z=52 and ACT=48 what is BAT=?

Number coding
Answer: A=2 B=4 C=6Z=52 A+C+T=2+6+40=48 B+A+T=4+2+40=46

Problem 2

FEED is coded as 6554, what will BREAD be coded as?

Number coding Answer:

FEED = 6554

BREAD = 218514

Problem 3

In certain code Do not touch

is 75 46 20, and Please do come is 64 8 75. What is the code for touch?

Number coding
Answer:
Do = 75 Not =46 Touch = 20 Please = 64 Do = 8 Come = 75 So touch = 20.

Problem 4 If in a certain code BEAUTIFUL

is coded as 573041208, BUTTER as 504479, how is

FUTURE coded in that code?

Number coding Answer:

204097

Problem 5

ENGLAND is written as 1234526 and FRANCE as 785291. How will GREECE be written? (Infosys)

Number coding

Answer:

381191

Problem 6
If in a certain code "RANGE" is coded as 12345 and "RANDOM" is coded as 123678, then the code for the word "MANGO" would be?

Number Coding

Answer:

82543

Problem 7

If the word FADENCOMT equals 345687921 then 1. What is FEAT? 2. Find representation of 2998?

Number Coding

Answer: 1. 3641 2. MOON

Problem 8

If Raman is written as 12345

and Dinesh as 675894, how will Mahaan be written?

Number Coding

Answer:

324225

Problem 9

If H = 8, HE = 13, then Hen will be equal to?

Number Coding

Answer :

HEN = 27

Problem 10

If Rose is coded as 6821,

Chair is coded as 73456 and Preach is coded as

961473, what will be the

code for search ?

Number Coding

Answer:

214673

Problem 11

In certain code RAIL is

written as 5796 and TAPE is written as 3748. how is

PAIR written in that code?

Number Coding

Answer: 4795

Problem 12

In a certain code language,

GRAPE is written as 27354 and FOUR is written as

1687. How is GROUP

written in that code?

Number Coding

Answer: 27685

Problem 13

If FEED is coded as 4, what will be the code for BREAD?

Number Coding

Answer: 30/5 = 6

Problem 14

If MACHINE is coded as 197-9-14-15-20-11, how will you code DANGER?

Number Coding

Answer:

10 -7-20-13-11-24

Problem 15

If MASTER is coded as 411259, then POWDER will

be coded as?

Number Coding

Answer: P- 16/9 = 7, O = 15/9 = 6 (remainder) 765459

Conditionality And Grouping

Introduction
Conditions are given based on which the action takes place. There are four basic conditions. Based on them the decisions are made.

Based on this conditions the

Conditions
If A occurs then B also will occur If A occurs then B will not occur If A has not occurred then B will occur If A has not occurred then B also will

not occur

From a group of 6 boys A,B,C,D,E,F and 5 girls L,M,N,O,P a group of 6 is to be selected based on the following conditions:

Problem 1

1.O and P have to be together 2.C cannot go with O 3.A and D have to be together 4.D cannot go with L 5.C and M have to be together 6.Band N have to be together

Contd..

Problem 1 consists of four girls the 1. If the team members of the team are:
i) BELNOP ii) EFLNOP iii) BFLNOP

2. If the team consist of 5 boys and 1

girl that girl would be: i) L ii) M iii) N iv)

Answer:

Conditionality and grouping

D and A cannot be there. So (iii)BFLNOP If B is selected 2 girls M and N have to be selected. So B is rejected and M is selected.

Problem 2
There are 5 students who go for a trip

(A,B,C,D,E). Only 3 are selected from the

5 for next trip who are they?

1.If A goes B,C cannot join

2.B goes D also goes

3.E is always with A 4.C does not join E

Conditionality and grouping

Answer:

As given it can be inferred that the only

possible combination is BCD.

Problem 3
Coach balkishan is trying to put together

a team of four players for a tennis

tournament. He has seven players

available: males A, B, C and females

M,N, O and P. All players are of equal

ability, and there must be at least two

males in the team. For a team of four, all players must be able to play with each

Problem 3
Player B cannot play with player M, player C cannot play with player P, player M cannot play with player O.

1.If player O is selected and player B is rejected, the team will consist of which foursome? 2.If player M is in the team, which other players must be in the team as well?

Conditionality and Grouping

Answer:

1. A, C, P and O.
2. A, C and N.

Problem 4
From amongst 5 boys P, Q, R, S,T and 4 girls A, B, C, D a team of five should be selected. Conditions given:

a)P and S are to remain together. b)Q cannot remain together with B or C c)R and A have to remain together. d)T cannot remain with A or D. Cont

Problem 4
1. If Q is selected, then the other members are?
a) APRS ABCDR 2. If three members are girls the team b) ADRS c) BCPT d)

is?
a) ABCRT b) ACDRS d) ABCDR c) BCDRS

Conditionality and Grouping

Answer:

1. APRS
2. BCDPS

3. PQRS

Problem 5
2 collectors, Frank and Gloria are each selecting a group of three wildlife prints from a group of 7 prints T, U, V, W, X, Y and Z. No print can be in both groups. The selections made by Frank and Gloria are subject to the following restrictions. a)If U is in Franks group, W must be in Glorias group b)If X is in Franks group, Z must be in Glorias group. c)T and Z cannot be in the same group.

Problem 5 1. If X is in Franks group, of the following

could be in Glorias group except a) T b) U c) V d) W e) Z 2. Which of the following pairs of groups selected by Frank and Gloria conform to the restrictions? a) Fr TUV Gl - WXY b) Fr - TUZ Gl VWX c) Fr UXZ Gl TWY d) Fr VWX Gl UYZ 3. If U is in Franks group, which of the

Conditionality and Grouping

Answer:
1. a) T 2. d) Fl VWX Gl UYZ

3. C) Y cannot be in Glorias group.

Problem 6 accommodate seven tour Mr. Pict must group passengers in two four person cabins on the S.S. Gallia. Each passenger in a cabin must be able to converse with at least one passenger, though not necessarily in the same language A, an Etruscan, also speaks Gothic and Hittite B and F are Hittites and speak only that language C, an Etruscan also speaks Gothic D and G are Goths and speak only

Problem 6
1.Which combinations of passengers in one of the cabins will result in a rooming arrangement that satisfies all conditions for both cabins? a. B, C, F b. D, E, G c. A, D, E, G d. C, D, E, G e. A, B, C, F 2. Which cannot be true, given the conditions as stated? I. C cannot room with A II. Any cabin containing three persons must include A

Problem 6

3. How many different combinations of cabin mates satisfy all conditions? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 e. 6

Conditionality and Grouping

Answer: 1. D 2. E
3. C

From amongst Problem 7 six boys A, B, C, D, E and F and five girls P, Q, R, S and T, a team of six is to be selected under the following conditions: i) A and D have to be together. ii) C cannot go with S. iii) S and T have to be together. iv) B cannot be teamed with E. v) D cannot go with P. vi) B and R have to be together. vii)C and Q have to be together.

Problem 7
1. If there be five boys in the team, the lone girl member is? 2. If including P, the team has three girls, the member are? 3. If four members have to be girls, the members of the team are? 4. If the team including C consist of four boys, the members of the team other than C are?

Conditionality and Grouping

Answer:
1.Q

2.B C F Q R 3.B F P R S T
4. A B D Q R

There are five men A, B, C, D and E and six women P, Q, R, S, T and U. A, B and R are advocates; C, D, P, Q and S are doctors and the rest are teachers. Some teams are to be selected from amongst these eleven persons subject to the following conditions; i) A, P and U have to be together ii) B cannot go with D or R. iii) E and Q have to be together iv) C and T have to be together

Problem 8

Problem 8
1. If the team is to consist of two male advocates, two lady doctors and one teacher, the members of the team are? 2. If the team is to consist of one advocate, two doctors, three teachers and C may not go with T, the members of the team are? a) A E P Q S U b) A E P Q T U c) B E Q STU 3. If the team is to consist of one

Conditionality and Grouping

Answer: 1.A B P U S 2.b) A E P Q T U 3.D E Q R S

Problem 9
A team of 3 reporters is to be chosen from amongst two groups. M, N, O and P are the members of the group x whereas ABC are the members of the group Y. the selected team just have one member from each group. In addition i) O refers to work unless A works ii) If M works only then B works iii) C will not work if M works iv) If O does not work, M will not work

Problem 9
1. Which of the following teams cannot be selected? a) M O A b) M B C c) N P C d) None of these 2. Which of the following cannot work with M? a) N b) O c) P d) A 3. A team having B and C will also have, a) Only N b) Only O c) N, O and P d) O and P 4. If A is the member of the team who

Conditionality and Grouping

Answer:
1. 2. 3. 4. b) a) a) b) MBC and c) {N and P } Only OM

Company plan to do a new project which is consist of 2 engineers, 3 managers and 1 executives from 4 engineers ( A B C D), 5 managers ( P Q R S T ), 3 executive ( X Y Z). i)Engineer A does not work with P and X ii)Manager S and Executive Y work together iii)Engineer B does not work with manager T iv)Manager Q does not work with manager S

Conditionality and Grouping

Conditionality and Grouping

1.State the possibilities of

forming team?

2.Who must be there in the team what ever may be the

possibilities?

Conditionality and Grouping

Answer:
1.i) A C R S T Y SY 2.R & Y ii) B D P R

Series

 Series involves the numbers or alphabetic, that are arranged in a particular sequence. The sequence can be any of the following; 1.ascending 2.descending 3.gap 4.squares and cubes 5.+/- order series

Introduction

Problem 1

Fill in the series

13,32,24,43,35, __, 46, 65,57,76

Series

Answer:

54

Problem 2

Fill in the series 4,6,12,14,28,30 ___?

Series

Answer:

60

Problem 3

Fill in the series 9,12,11,14,13,_,15

Series Answer:

16

Problem 4

NLO : RPS : : ? : ZXA

(Wipro)

Series

Answer:

VTW

Problem 5

90,180,12,50,100,200,___ 3,50,4,25,2,6,30,3

Series

Answer :

150

Problem 6

5, 20, 24, 6, 2, 8, __ (Infosys)

Series
Answer:
12 (5*4=20, 20+4=24, 24/4=6, 64=2, 2*4=8, 8+4=12).

Problem 7

0, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 15, 17, 24, 26,__

(MBT)

Series

Answer:

35

Problem 8

___, ayw, gec, mki, sqo

(MBT)

Series

Answer:

usq

Problem 9

2, 5, 9, 19, 37,__

(MBT)

Series

Answer:

75

Problem 10

4, 11, 30, 67, __

(TCS)

Series

Answer:

128

Problem 11

4832, 5840, 6848

Series

Answer: Add 1008 = 6848 + 1008 = 7856

Problem 12

Find the number which is not matched properly in the above series? 1, 3, 5, 10, 17, 26.. a) 10 b) 17 c) 3 d) 26

Series

Answer: C) 3

Problem 13

13, 32, 24,43,35, ?, 46, 65

Series

Answer: 13, 24, 35, 46.( added with 11) 32, 43, 54, 65..( added with 11) = 54

Problem 14

8, 9, 8, 7, 10, 9, 6, 11, 10, ?, 12.

Series

Answer: 8 7 6 ? 9 10 11 12 8 9 10
=5(

Problem 15

2/

5,

3/5, 4/55..

Series

Answer: = 1/5

Direction Sense

Introduction
This gives the path followed to reach the required destination. The basic thing necessary here is the NORTH,SOUTH,EAST,WEST directions to find the path.
N W S E

Problem 1
A travels a distance of 5km north and then he travels 8km east then he travels 6km north and then he travels 2km south. So where is he

Direction Sense

Answer: The direction is NE.

Problem 2

If Ram travels 5km by walk towards

north and 6 km west by cycle and 11km south by bike and 22km east by car. Where is he from start?

Direction Sense

Answer: He is in SE direction.

Problem 3
The door of my house faces east. I walk from my back door 100 m, then right and

walk 100 m and turn left and walk 50m and reach a point X. In which direction
am I from the starting point?

Direction sense

Answer:

North West

Problem 4
A child is looking for his father. He went

90m in the east before turning to his

right. He went 20m before turning to his right again to look for his father at his uncles place 30m from his point. His father was not there. Form there, he

Direction sense

Answer : 100 metres

Problem 5

In a room 4 persons are there like A,B,C,D. A is to the east of

B, B is to the north of C, C is to
the west of D, and D is to the south of A. Then how C is

Direction Sense

Answer :

Northeast

Problem 6

A man walks east and turns

right and then from there to his left and then 45 degrees to his right. In which direction did

Direction Sense

Answer:

North west

Problem 7

A person travels 6km towards west, then travels 5km towards north, then finally travels 6km

Direction Sense

Answer:

13km northwest

Problem 8
A starts from his office and walks 3 km
towards north. He then turns right and walks 2km and then turns right and walks 5km then turns right and walks 2 km and then again turns right and walks

Direction Sense

Answer:

South

Problem 9
As office is situated 5 km North from
Bs office. B starts from his office and walks 2 km towards As office. He then turns right and walks 3 km and then turns and walks 3 km. To which

Direction Sense

Answer:

East Direction

Problem 10
Pradeep walks 10 metres westward,
then turns left and walks 10 mtrs. He then again turns left and walks 10 mtrs. He takes a 45 degree turn rightwards

Direction Sense

Answer:

West

Problem 11
I am facing east. I turn 100 degree in the clockwise direction and then 145 degree in the anticlockwise direction. Which direction am I

Direction Sense

Answer: North - East

Problem 12
Radha moves towards South east a
distance of 7 m, then she moves towards west and travels a distance of 14 m. From here, she moves towards North west a distance of 7 m and finally she moves a distance of 4 m towards East and stood at that point. How far is

Direction Sense

Answer:

= 10 metres

One evening before sunset two friends Sumit and Mohit

Problem 13

were talking to each other face to face. If Mohits

shadow was exactly to his

Direction Sense

Answer: South

Problem 14

If south east becomes North, North east becomes West and so on,

Direction Sense

Answer:

South - east

Problem 15
Lokeshs school bus is facing North
when it reaches his school. After starting from Lokeshs house, it turns right twice and then left before reaching the school. What direction was the bus facing when it left the bus stop in front of Lokeshs house?

Direction Sense

Answer: West

Analysis and interpretation of data in

Statement logics

the statements are necessary

This helps in inferring the answers Types: 1) Conclusions 2) Assumptions 3) Arguments

Statement-Conclusions
In question has a statement and two conclusions. Analyse the conclusions and give answers.
a) if conclusion 1 follows b) if conclusion 2 follows c) if neither 1 nor 2 follows. d) both 1 and 2 follows

Example 1
Statement: Quality has a price tag. India is allocating lot of funds for education Conclusions: 1)Quality of education in India would improve soon 2) Funding alone can enhance Quality of education

Statement: No new taxes are proposed in the revised budget. Conclusions: 1)The country has a balanced economy. 2) The country has a surplus

Example 2

Example 3
Statement: No country is selfsufficient in absolute terms in the present era. Conclusions:
1) It is not possible to grow and produce all the things that a country needs.

2) Efficiency of people has decreased

Example 4
Creating employment opportunities is the best way to make people out of poverty in India. Conclusions:
1)Unemployment is a cause of poverty in India 2) Employment opportunities are few and far in India

Example 5
It cannot be done
Conclusions: 1) It is impossible

2) We can do nothing

Each questions given below has 1 statement and two arguments.we should decide which of the arguments is strong Give answer: a)If only 1 is strong b)If only 2 is strong c)If neither 1 or 2 is strong d)If both 1 and 2 is strong

Statement- Arguments

Should Private sector be permitted to operate telephone services? Arguments: 1)Yes, they are operated in advanced western countries 2) No, It is risky to put them in private hands

Example 1

Example 2
Should the political parties be banned? Arguments: 1)Yes, it is necessary to teach a lesson to the politicians

2) No, it will lead to an end of

Example 3
Traditional culture is better than the new culture. Arguments: 1)Both have their good points as well as weak points.

2) The new culture is ruining

Example 4
Every institution should be state owned. Arguments: 1) It will kill private enthusiasm. 2) People will not be serious to work hard.

Example 5
Should there be one government for the whole world? Arguments: 1) Yes, it will lead to a better control of wars in the world. 2) No, because the weaker nations will be devoured by the strong

Each question contains 1 statement and 2 assumptions. Check the data and answer.

Statement- Assumptions

Give answer:
a) If only 1 implicit b) If only 2 implicit c) Both 1 and 2 implicit d) Neither 1 nor 2 implicit

Example 1
Statement: The pen is mightier than the sword

Assumptions:
1) The pen is made up of stronger metal than the sword 2) The power of the mind is much stronger than brute physical

Example 2
Statement: Go and get the file, an officer orders his subordinate Assumptions: 1) The file is confidential 2) The subordinate knows where the file is

Example 3
Statement: One can't get to the top overnight. Perseverance and patience are required.
Assumptions: 1) People aim to get to the top. 2) Sustained efforts can get one to

Example 4
Statement: If you are beautiful we will catch your beauty. If you are not beautiful, we will make you look beautiful. -Advertisement of a photo- studio Assumptions:
1) People like to be considered beautiful.

Example 5
Statement: Happiness is to be shared. Unhappy people suffer. Assumptions:
1) Unhappy people share sufferings. 2) Happy people do not suffer.

THANK YOU
Sreenivasa Chowdary Nellore M.B.A, [Director] NARENS Institute for Competitive Examinations, HYDERABAD. E-mail: sreenivasachowdarynellore.mba@gmail.com Mob: + 91 99123 31989, + 91 90593 14623