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WCDMA Design using Simulink
Chanpreet Singh (10804131)
Harpartap Singh (10801557)
Jagraj Singh (10807772)
Malkeet Singh (10804149)

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Agenda
About WCDMA
WCDMA Simulink Model
About the models
Physical Layer
parameters
Coding and Multiplexing
Modulation and Spreading
Channel Models

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About WCDMA
WCDMA stands for Wideband Code Division Multiple Access.
WCDMA can support multiple and simultaneous communications
such as voice, images, data, and video.
Very high and variable bit rates:
144 kbps: vehicle speed, rural environ.
384 kbps: walking speed, urban outdoor.
2048 kbps: fixed, indoor.
Different QoS for different connections.
High spectrum efficient.
Coexistence with current systems.
WCDMA is being specified by the 3GPP (Third Generation
Partnership Project).

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About the models
WCDMA has two basic modes of operation:
TDD (Time Division Duplex).
Low Chip Rate TDD (TD-SCDMA)
FDD (Frequency Division Duplex).
Duplex communications:
Downlink Channel
From Node B (Base Station) to UE (User Equipment).
Uplink Channel
From UE to Node B
Model simulates transmission of information data (DCH
Dedicated Channel) during a connection.

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About the models
WCDMA Library
WCDMA Multiplexing
and Coding
WCDMA Spreading
and Modulation
WCDMA Physical
Layer

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Physical Layer Specifications
Physical layer provides data transport support to higher
layers via Transport Channels.
Functions of the Physical Layer:
Error detection.
Encoding/decoding.
Rate Matching/Dematching.
Multiplexing/Demultiplexing different Transport Channels
into/from a Coded Composite Transport Channel (CCTrCH).
Mapping/Demapping of CCTrCH into/from Physical Channels.
Modulation and Spreading/Demodulation and Despreading.
Power Weighting and combining of physical channels.
RF Processing.

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WCDMA Physical Layer Transmitter
Channel
Coding and
Multiplexing
Layer 2
MAC
Transport
Channels
Layer 1
CCTrCh
Physical
Channel
Mapping
Spreading
And
Modulation
Channel
DPCH
Pilot Bits

Control Channels
Interference (OCNS)
Orthogonal
Codes
Slot
DPCH
- Scrambling Code
- Channelization Code
- Transmit Density
- Slot Format
- Power Settings
- Transport Block Set Size
- Transport Block Size
- Transmission Time Interval
- Size of CRC
- Type of Error Correction
- Coding Rate
- Rate Matching Attribute
Transport Format

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Coding and Multiplexing Specifications
Physical layer provides data transport support to higher
layers via Transport Channels.
There is a Transport Format associated to each Transport
Channel that describes the processing ( Size, encoding
scheme, coding rate, ) to be applied by the Physical Layer.
Every transport block is generated every 10, 20, 40 or 80 ms
(Time Transmission Interval TTI).

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Coding and Multiplexing Overview
CRC
Concat/
Segment
Channel
Encoder
Rate
Matching
1
st
Interleaver
Radio
Frame
Segment
CCTrCH
CRC
Concat/
Segment
Channel
Encoder
Rate
Matching
1
st

Interleaver
Radio
Frame
Segment
Layer 1
Coding Schemes:
- No coding
- Convolutional Coding
- Turbocoding
Accommodates data rates
to a fixed channel bit rate
Interleaves bits within each
Transport Channel
Limits Max Size
of Codewords
Multiplexes bits from
different Transport
Channels every 10 ms.
Attaches CRC
Size={0,8,12,16,24}
Transmission Time Interval
{10,20,40 and 80ms}
Radio Frame
{10ms}

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Physical Channel Mapping Overview
Physical
Channel
Segmentation
2nd

Interleaver
One CCTrCH can be
mapped onto one or
several PhCHs
Slot
Builder
CCTrCh
DPCH
DPCH DPCH
Power
Control Bits
Pilot Bits
Interleaves bits within a
Radio Frame coming from
different Transport Channels
Transport Format Combination Index
contains information of how the
different transport channel have been
processed
Data 1 TPC TFCI Data 2 Pilot
Structure of slot is defined
by the Higher Layers via
Slot Format
Data is sent to the
Modulation and Spreading
block

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Modulation and Spreading Specifications
Modulation:
QPSK.
Same gain for I and Q components.

Spreading or Channelization Operation:
Transforms every bit into a given number of chips, hence
increasing the bandwidth.
Chip Rate = 3.84 Mcps.
By using an orthogonal code for each physical channel, receiver
can separate them.
Orthogonal codes are real-valued OVSF codes (Orthogonal
Variable Spreading Factor) of different length.

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Modulation and Spreading Specifications
Physical channels required during a connection:
Dedicated Channel:
DPCH Dedicated Physical Channel
Common Channels:
P-CPICH Primary Common Pilot Channel
Could be used at the receiver end for channel estimation, tracking
P-CCPCH Primary Common Control Physical Channel
SCH Synchronization Channel
Not multiplied by orthogonal code.
Used mainly for cell search: slot and frame timing acquisition.
PICH Paging Indicator Channel
OCNS Orthogonal Channel Noise Simulator
Simulates interference caused by other users or signals.

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Modulation and Spreading Overview
DPCH

Spreading
I&Q
Mapping
Common
Channels

Scrambling

Power
Settings

+
To
Channel
Orthogonal Codes
OVSF
PN Sequence
Gold Codes
OCNS
SCH
QPSK
Modulation
Bit Rate Chip Rate
{3.84Mcps}
Channelization
Common
Channels are
introduced
Scrambling
Power
Weighting
Physical
Channels are
added before
being sent to
Pulse Shaping

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14
Thank you