SILIGURI INSTITITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY

NAME:- MOINAK DEY

3RD YEAR

6TH SEMESTER

DEPT:-BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING

TEACHER:- SUJAN K.SAMANTA

TOPIC OF SEMINAR

“ARTIFICIAL HEART-LUNG
MACHINE”
Artificial Heart-lung
Machine
What is an “Artificial Heart-Lung
Machine”?
The Artificial Heart-Lung Machine is a unit,in
which an artificial lung and a heat exchanger is
connected to an undulation pump and a drive
unit.
It circulates the blood if the heart is stopped.

In 1937,Dr.Gibbon invented the first artificial

heart-lung machine.
In 1953,he performed the first artificial heart-lung
machine implantation operation in human.
First Heart-Lung Machine By Dr.Gibbon(1937) First Heart-Lung Machine(1937)
Artificial Heart-Lung
Machine
 Model Of Artificial Heart Lung
Machine
TO ARTERY VENOUS INPUT FROM CORONARY FROM
TO CORONARY ARTERIES SINUS HEART

Filter
Coronary
Pump
Arterial
Heat Coronary
Exchanger Coronary Sinus
Heat Receiving Pump
Exchanger Reservoir
Arterial
Pump
Settling
Oxygenator
Reservoir
Block Diagram Of Artificial Heart-Lung
Machine
Working Mechanism:

• Consists of a chamber which receives

blood from body.
• Blood is pushed inside the reservoir.
• Blood is pushed from the reservoir to an
oxygenator.
• Oxygenator removes Carbon dioxide and
adds oxygen.
• Pump, then pumps this newly
oxygenated blood back to the body.
• Connected to patient by a series of tubes.
Fig:-Working Mechanism Of Artificial Heart-Lung Machine
Fig:- Tubing distribution Of Artificial Heart-Lung Machine
 Parts Of Artificial Heart-Lung
Machine:-
The artificial heart-lung machine consists
of several parts. They follow a major role
in the working of the machine.The parts
which constitute the artificial heart-lung
machine are:-

Oxygenator.
Heat Exchanger.
Filter.
Pump.
Reservoir.
 Oxygenator:-
One main component of the artificial heart-
lung machine is the Oxygenator.
An oxygenator is a medical device that is
capable of exchanging oxygen and
carbon dioxide in the blood.

In general the basic types of oxygenators

are:-
• Bubble Oxygenator
• Film Oxygenator
• Membrane Oxygenator
Basic Types of Oxygenators

A. Bubble

B. Film

C. Membrane
Comparison between 3 oxygenators

Bubble Membrane
Film
Oxygenator Oxygenator
Oxygenator

Flow capacity Medium High Low

Priming volume Medium Large Small

Initial cost Low High Medium

Maintenance cost High Medium High

 Heat Exchanger:-
This arrangement allows the temperature
regulation of the blood by Heat Exchange
between blood and media.
The Cylindrical Heat Exchanger contains
channels to move blood from pump to
oxygenator.
 Filter:-
This device filters micro-particles(<40Å) in
size,which enters the machine.
Filter,filters
Filter the blood from the artificial
heart-lung machine and delivers it to the
other parts of the body.
 Pump:-
Pump,permits
Pump the blood coming from the
reservoir to be driven out to the heat
exchanger.
Advantages:-
The pump increases the space and volume
of the whole system.
 Reservoir:-
Reservoir,is
Reservoir the storage device which is
responsible for both collection and
distribution of the blood.
A Reservoir collects blood drained from the
venous circulation and heart.

 Uses:-
 Air-fluid separation.
 Temporary storage.
 Ventilation(Bubble Oxygenenators).
 Filtration.
The Ideal Heart-Lung Machine

 Oxygenate upto 5 liters/min of

venous blood to 95-100%.
 CO2 removal is efficient.
 Has reasonable priming volume.
 It is Biocompatible.
 Simple,dependable,safe,easily
sterilized,easily connected and
disconnected from the patient.
 RECENTLY DEVELOPED HEART-LUNG
MACHINE

5th Generation HL Machine New Baby HL Machine

World’s Smallest Heart-Lung Machine

 CONCLUSION

Thus blood can be re-routed through

artificial heart-lung machine.
Since its development almost forty years
ago, thousands of human and animal
hearts have been repaired while this
life-saving machine took over for them
during surgery.
 REFERENCE
WEBSITES:-
www.soringroup-usa.com
www.news.bbc.co.uk
www.surguryencyclopedia.com
www.nedicow.com

BOOKS:-
Textbook Of Medical Physiology, by Guyton
& Hall.
Bio-Medical Instrumentation, by
M.Arumugam.