DETERMINE THE pH OF VARIOUS

SOAPS, SHAMPOOS AND

DETERGENTS
DONE BY:

HIMASHREE MALLA - 1448
KOMAL AGARWAL- 1044
RITU KONSAM- 12
SAKSHI SINGH- 763
SANGHAMITRA THAKUR-177
WHAT IS pH ?
pH is a figure expressing the acidity or
alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale
on which 7 is neutral, lower values are more
acidic and higher values are more alkaline.
The pH is equal to log10c, where c is the
hydrogen ion concentration in moles per litre.
What is acidic pH?
An acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions.
Because of this, when an acid is dissolved in water, the
balance between hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions is
shifted. Now there are more hydrogen ions than hydroxyl
ions in the solution. This kind of solution is acidic.
What is basic pH?
A base is a substance that accepts
hydrogen ions. When a base is
dissolved in water, the balance
between hydrogen ions and
hydroxyl ions shifts the opposite
way. Because the base "soaks up"
hydrogen ions, the result is a
solution with more hydroxyl ions
than hydrogen ions. This kind of
solution is alkaline.
pH INDICATORS
Indicators may be used to measure pH, by making use of the fact
that their color changes with pH. Visual comparison of the color of a
test solution with a standard color chart provides a means to
measure pH accurate to the nearest whole number.
Universal indicator consists of a mixture of indicators such that there
is a continuous color change from about pH 2 to pH 10. Universal
indicator paper is made from absorbent paper that has been
with universal indicator.
Many plants or plant parts contain chemicals from the naturally-
colored anthocyanin family of compounds. They are red in acidic
solutions and blue in basic.
, Litmus used by alchemists in the Middle Ages and still readily
available, is a naturally occurring pH indicator made from a mixture
of lichen species, particularly Roccella tinctori
Hydrangea macrophylla flowers can change color depending on soil
acidity.

How to know your soap is ph
balanced?
Many people believe that a soap
with a lower pH is more "mild",
but without expensive lab
equipment, soap testing is just not
accurate enough to give us the
precise pH. Instead, we use testing
to check that our soaps are within
the normal pH of soap. You want
your soap to have a pH between
7-10. This is the range that is
considered safe to use.

How to know your shampoo is ph
balanced?
Shampoo is a hair care product used for the removal of oils, dirt, skin
particles, dandruff, environmental pollutants and other contaminant
particles that gradually build up in hair. The goal is to remove the
unwanted build-up without stripping out so much sebum as to make hair
unmanageable.

The pH of your shampoo is most important. The beneficial pH range of
shampoo is 4.5 to 6.5. A shampoo with a higher pH may strip the hair of
its natural oils leaving it frizzy and fly away even after you apply your
styling products. You may not mind a little frizz, but when a high pH
shampoo leads to fly away and generally unruly hair that usually leads to
more manipulation which leads to breakage.
How to know your detergent is pH
balanced?
Todays detergents share the primary chemical makeup of basic soap: oils
and alkalis with some critical modifications. Since most dirt is acid, the
alkaline in the detergent makes it a good cleaner for common dirt. For
detergents to be effective most need to have the proper pH (percentage of
hydrogen) which measures acidity and alkalinity. The scale goes from 0 to
14. Seven is halfway and is neutral. It is the balance between acidity and
alkalinity. A solution that is acid will read 0-6 on the scale (6 being weaker
than 1) and a solution that is alkali will be 8-14 on the scale (8 being
weaker than 14). pH is very important in cleaning. Too strong a pH can
damage surfaces, remove floor finish, as well as damage or discolor carpet
fiber. It also can weaken carpet protectors.
SERIAL
NO.
SHAMPOO pH
1 LOREAL PARIS 6.19
2 CLINIC PLUS 8.01
3 DOVE 8.61
4 SUNSILK 8.19

SERIAL
NO.
SOAP pH
1 DETTOL 10.86
2 DOVE 10.60
3 LUX 7.91

SERIAL
NO.
DETERGENT pH
1 TIDE 10.67
2 ARIEL 11.39
3 RIN 11.80
4 SURF EXCEL 10.77
RESULT
Ph of shampoos were found to be slightly
basic on an average but also acidic in
some cases.
pH of soaps was found to be basic.
pH of detergents was found to be highly
basic
To get accurate pH readings always remember to:
Wait a minute or two after you add an acid or a base to a solution. This will
allow the reaction (ions being either donated [acid] or accepted [base]) to
complete before you measure.
Swirl or mix a solution well before measuring. This will help ensure that the
solution is uniform.
When using pH test paper/indicator sticks you should also:
Make sure to only use paper/sticks that have not been previously wetted.
Wait for the color to stop changing (1-2 minutes maximum) before matching
the paper/stick to the color key. Do not wait more than 5 minutes after the color
has stabilized or it may start to fade and affect the accuracy of your reading.
When using a pH meter you should also:
Carefully read the manual for the pH meter before using it.
Rinse the pH meter probe with distilled water before every reading.
Use solutions with known pH values, see Table 2, to make sure the pH meter is
accurately calibrated.
Make sure the pH meter probe is properly submerged in the solution before
taking a reading.


Things to remember:
BIBLIOGRAPHY
wikipedia.org
www.thefreedicitonary.com/pH
http://www.sciencebuddies.org/
http://www.cleanlink.com/
www.britannica.com