Mysql: Aaron Byers Sr. Sales Manager - Telecom & Networking

September 2004 | MySQL
Overview | www.mysql.com
1
MySQL
Overview

Aaron Byers
Sr. Sales Manager - Telecom & Networking
2

About MySQL
3
MySQL
Founded in 1980s
WW Headquarters in Uppsala,
Sweden
US Headquarters in Seattle
Executive office in Cupertino
200 employees, in 18 countries
US $19.5M Investment
Led by Benchmark Capital
Over 6 Million Active
Installations
Most popular Open Source
RDBMS
Dual Licensing Model
4
Where does MySQL fit?
Oracle, MS, IBM
Enterprise
SleepyCat
PostgreSQL
Standalone
Birdstep
Solid
Embedded
Embedded and
Distributed Data
Management
5
MySQL Web & Enterprise
6
Telecom Customers Q1 2005
7

MySQL Technology
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MySQL Server
High Performance RDBMS
Standards based SQL, aiming for SQL-99
Stable
Scalable
Embedded in hardware
Extremely high load applications
Master/Slave Replication
Easy to use
Modular
Storage Engines
Compile and runtime feature flexibility to conserve resources
9
Client Library Support
C API: libmysql
PHP utilizing C API
Connector/J, JDBC Type IV JDBC Driver
Connector/ODBC
Perl DBD::DBI
ADO.Net, OleDB, Ruby, Erlang, Eiffel, Smalltalk, etc.
supported by third parties
10
Server Design
Written in C, C++, ASM
Majority (80%) in C
client library, network communications, I/O, storage engines
Parse tree and optimizer implemented C++
String functionality in ASM on platforms that require it for
performance.
11
Process Model
Multithreaded
1 Connection means 1 Thread
Minimum overhead per client
Network buffers (configurable, limits max query size)
Thread Stack (e.g. 128-256K on Linux)
read_buffer_size
read_rnd_buffer_size
sort_buffer_size
tmp_table_size
Deployments with 1000s of concurrent connections not
uncommon
12

MySQL Storage Engines
13
MySQL Internal Architecture
Parse Optimize
Retrieve
Store
MySQL
M
y
I
S
A
M

I
n
n
o
D
B

M
y
S
Q
L
C
l
u
s
t
e
r

MySQL Database
Management Level
Table Handler /
Storage Engine
Level
H
e
a
p

C
u
s
t
o
m

14
What properties are
Storage Engine dependent?
Very few!
Transactional capabilities
Locking
Backup and Recovery
Optimization (partly)
Pricing (licenses, support)
Storage Engines are Transparent
Tables of different types within one query
15
MyISAM
Fastest for read or write applications, since there are no
transaction overheads
Large-grained (table-level) locks
Non-locking inserts when inserted at end of table (logging
applications)
Less disk space since there is no transaction log or
multiversioning overhead
Uses less memory for updates
16
Heap
Stored in memory
Does not survive server restart
Hash or Btree indexes
No partial-key index searches
Fixed-length record format
No BLOB/TEXT support
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R
e
d
o

L
o
g

The InnoDB Storage Engine
In memory On disk (workspace)
L
o
g

f
i
l
e
s

T
a
b
l
e

s
p
a
c
e

Log File 1
Log File 2
Log File 3
Buffer pool
(buffered
data pages)
Addtl Mem Pool
Log Buffer
(buffered
log records)
ibdata2
data file

ibdata1
data file
Undo Log
COMMIT
(+ checkpoint)
checkpoint
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InnoDB
Full ACID compliance
Row level locking with Next-Key Locking
Multi-Versioning
Consistent non-locking read
Commit and rollback segments
Fault and crash tolerant
Foreign Key Constraints
Large Tablespaces, Raw Partitions, Hot Backups
Transparent with other MySQL storage engines
Tuned for performance and large data sets
Next-generation index and data storage
Clustered Indexes
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InnoDB Size Limits
Columns per table: 1000
hard limit since it is encoded in 10 bits in the transaction
header

Max row size: 4 GB

Maximum tablespace size: 64 TB

Transaction size: Unlimited
limited by tablespace size
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MySQL Cluster
Acquisition of a database unit from Ericsson, people and all IP

Integrated as new Storage Engine for MySQL Server
MySQL Cluster

Draws from Ericssons extensive experience in building
reliable solutions for the Telecom/IP industry

Parallel server architecture with unmatched
availability, performance, and scalability
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Cluster Advantages
Flexible and cost-efficient scaling
Scales as one logical database
Transparent and independent scaling of database and application
Easier development
Easier to maintain in operation (as opposed to partitioned database
instances)
Demonstrated linear scalability on low-cost hardware
Lower hardware cost
No need for expensive specialized hardware
Performance
In-memory performance
Carrier grade availability characteristics
Availability mechanisms transparent to application
23

MySQL Technical Features
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Supported Operating Systems
AIX 4.x
Amiga
BSDI 2.x (mit-pthreads)
BSDI 3.0, 3.1, 4.x (native)
Caldera (SCO) OpenServer
Caldera UnixWare 7.0.1
DEC Unix 4.x
FreeBSD 2.x, 3.x, 4.x
HP-UX 10.20 / 11.x
Linux 2.0+
Mac OS X
NetBSD
Novell Netware 6.5+
OpenBSD
QNX
SGI Irix 6.x
Solaris (SPARC, x86)
SunOS 4.x
Tru64 Unix
Windows 95, 98, Me, NT,
2000, XP, 2003
25
Supported Development Tools
C API based
PHP
Perl
ODBC
C
C++
Python
Ruby
Tcl
Eiffel
Lasso
Common LISP
Cobol
Other
Java (Connector/J)
.NET

Through ODBC
VB, VBA
Word, Excel, Access
Delphi
ASP
ADO
.NET
26
Standards
What standards does MySQL follow?
Entry Level SQL-92
ODBC Level 0-3.51
JDBC Type IV Driver
JDBC Spec 3.0 to fullest MySQL capabilities
Goals
Full SQL-99 compliance
Adopt new upcoming SQL-2003 specification
27
Advanced Features
Advanced features MySQL supports
Multiple storage engines
NDB Cluster
Replication
Embeddable
Internationalization
Fulltext searching
Spatial Data

Lets discuss each of the above in a bit more detail
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Replication
www.mysql.com/replication
Details
Very easy to setup and configure
Very light-weight on network
Implemented as master-slave
Asynchronous logical replication

Why?
Allows for virtually unlimited scalability of read queries
Useful for hot standby/high availability
Load balancing
29
Embeddable
MySQL normally runs as a standalone daemon
Alternatively can be embedded
MySQL + Your application = Single executable
Ability to be embedded in C or C++ programs
Footprint can vary
Minimum about 4 MB RAM/ 4MB HDD
Depends on various factors
Features required
Operating System
Libraries used
Very easy to do, part of base C API
30
Internationalization
www.mysql.com/unicode
Fully supported on many levels in 4.1
Prior to 4.1, declared on a server level
Able to declare both character set and collation (sorting
order)
Many levels where they are able to be set (server,
database, table, column)
Can mix them even in the same table

31
Fulltext Search
www.mysql.com/fulltext
What?
Natural language matching technology
Given a string to match and it determines relevancy
Results sorted by relevancy
Allows boolean matching

Why?
Very easy search engines
Much faster than freeform LIKE statements
Generally better results than LIKE

32
Spatial Data Manipulation
www.mysql.com/gis
What?
Added in MySQL 4.1
Enables ability to store geometry shapes such as point,
line, polygon, etc. in both WKT and WKB formats
Fully searchable using optimized R-Tree indexes

Why?
Very useful for GIS applications
Useful for other applications as well
Find all stores in a set radius

33

The eWeek Database Benchmark
First ever fully independent benchmark
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eWeek Independent Benchmark
January 2002/Updated July
2003
According to eWeek, the
benchmark was the first
independent full scale test of
database management
systems.
Databases tested:
MySQL 4.0
Oracle 9i
IBM DB2 7.2
Microsoft SQL Server SP2
Sybase 12.5
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eWeek Latency Test
Response times of the
different databases

It better to be at the bottom

MySQL is the yellow line under
the red Oracle line
The test was a virtual web bookstore with 50 Million books. It used a few large Windows
servers and about 50 clients machines. Source code to the tests have been published!

Mysql: Aaron Byers Sr. Sales Manager - Telecom & Networking

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September 2004 | MySQL

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