Ocular Prosthesis FINAL 3 / Orthodontic Courses by Indian Dental Academy

OCULAR PROSTHESIS
OCULAR PROSTHESIS
An alternative technique
An alternative technique

INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
www.indiandentalacademy.com www.indiandentalacademy.com
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION

Ocular prosthesis is a modality of facial
prosthesis that aims to repair total or partial
ocular bulb losses or deformities.

The main goals are to-
Restore facial esthetics,
Prevent eyelid collapse and deformity,
Protect the socket against injuries caused by

foreign bodies, dust and smoke,
Re-establish the correct route of the

lachrymal secretion to prevent accumulation
in the cavity, and
Preserve muscular tonus to avoid anti-

symmetrical alterations.
History
The eye was a symbol of life

to the ancient world,
particularly in gypt, where
bron!e and precious stone
eyes were placed on the
deceased.
The Romans decorated

statues with artificial eyes
made of silver.
"mbrose Par# $%&%'-%&('), a famous

*rench surgeon, was the first to describe
the use of artificial eyes to fit an eye socket.
These pieces were made of gold and silver.
namel prostheses $%+,'s-

namel prostheses $%+,'s-
%+('s) were attractive but were
%+('s) were attractive but were
e-pensive and not very durable.
e-pensive and not very durable.
The introduction of cryolite

The introduction of cryolite
glass, made of arsenic o-ide
glass, made of arsenic o-ide
and cryolite from sodium-
and cryolite from sodium-
aluminum fluoride $.a/",*%,),
aluminum fluoride $.a/",*%,),
produced a grayish-white color
produced a grayish-white color
suitable for a prosthetic eye.
suitable for a prosthetic eye.
0erman craftsmen are credited

0erman craftsmen are credited
with this invention in %+1&.
with this invention in %+1&.

To make these glass eyes, a tube of glass

To make these glass eyes, a tube of glass
was heated on one end until the form of a
was heated on one end until the form of a
ball was obtained. 2arious colors of glass
ball was obtained. 2arious colors of glass
were used like paintbrushes to imitate the
were used like paintbrushes to imitate the
natural color of the eye
natural color of the eye
The glass art form flourished in *rance

The glass art form flourished in *rance
and 0ermany where fabricating secrets
and 0ermany where fabricating secrets
were handed down from one generation
were handed down from one generation
to the ne-t.
to the ne-t.
The town of 3ausche, 0ermany, had a

The town of 3ausche, 0ermany, had a
particularly rich history in both decorative
particularly rich history in both decorative
$doll eyes, 4hristmas ornaments) and
$doll eyes, 4hristmas ornaments) and
prosthetic arts.
prosthetic arts.
5n the %(th century, 0erman craftsmen

5n the %(th century, 0erman craftsmen
$6ocularists6) began to tour the 7nited
$6ocularists6) began to tour the 7nited
8tates and other parts of the world,
8tates and other parts of the world,
fabricated eyes and fit them to patients.
fabricated eyes and fit them to patients.
8tock eyes $or pre-made

8tock eyes $or pre-made
eyes) were also utili!ed.
eyes) were also utili!ed.
"n 6eye doctor6 might
"n 6eye doctor6 might
keep hundreds of glass
keep hundreds of glass
stock eyes in cabinets, and
stock eyes in cabinets, and
would fit patients with the
would fit patients with the
best eye right out of the
best eye right out of the
drawer.
drawer.
5n the 7nited 8tates, eyes continued to be

5n the 7nited 8tates, eyes continued to be
made of glass until the onset of 9orld 9ar
made of glass until the onset of 9orld 9ar
55, when 0erman goods were limited and
55, when 0erman goods were limited and
0erman glass blowers no longer toured the
0erman glass blowers no longer toured the
7nited 8tates.
7nited 8tates.
The 7nited 8tates military, along with a

The 7nited 8tates military, along with a
few private practitioners, developed a
few private practitioners, developed a
techni:ue of fabricating prostheses using
techni:ue of fabricating prostheses using
oil pigments and plastics. 8ince 9orld 9ar
oil pigments and plastics. 8ince 9orld 9ar
55, plastic has become the preferred
55, plastic has become the preferred
material for the artificial eye in the 7nited
material for the artificial eye in the 7nited
8tates.
8tates.
;y the mid-%(<'s, glass

;y the mid-%(<'s, glass
eyes were being replaced
eyes were being replaced
by plastic counterparts.
by plastic counterparts.
5n 2irginia, this was led

5n 2irginia, this was led
by =oseph 0aleski
by =oseph 0aleski

$of Richmond, 2irginia),
$of Richmond, 2irginia),
"lthough "merican Optical

"lthough "merican Optical
and several military
and several military
hospitals started to
hospitals started to
e-periment and dispense
e-periment and dispense
plastic artificial eyes.
plastic artificial eyes.
"n ocular implant

"n ocular implant
replaces the lost volume
replaces the lost volume
of the natural eye. The
of the natural eye. The
first account of placing
first account of placing
an implant in the socket,
an implant in the socket,
following enucleation,
following enucleation,
was in %+<%.
was in %+<%.
5mplants have been

5mplants have been
made of many different
made of many different
materials, shapes, and
materials, shapes, and
types throughout the
types throughout the
years. 5t also helps the
years. 5t also helps the
artificial eye to have
artificial eye to have
some degree of
some degree of
movement
movement
" 4ase Report
" 4ase Report
-amination Of The 8ocket
-amination Of The 8ocket
-amination of the stock eye
-amination of the stock eye
5nde-ed cast with stock eye
5nde-ed cast with stock eye
Putty cope
Putty cope
5mpression tray
5mpression tray

5njecting the impression material
5njecting the impression material
*inal impression
*inal impression

*inal impression
*inal impression

>ouble alginate techni:ue
8tock eye shells
8tock eye shells

9a- try in
9a- try in
*lasking
*lasking
>ewa-ing
>ewa-ing
4ustomi!ing the shade guide
4ustomi!ing the shade guide
Packing
Packing

*inished prosthesis
*inished prosthesis
-
-
-ternal surface
-ternal surface

*inished prosthesis
*inished prosthesis
?
?
Tissue surface
Tissue surface

Pre-prosthetic Post-prosthetic
Pre-prosthetic Post-prosthetic

8tock eye 4ustom eye
8tock eye 4ustom eye
" custom ocular prosthesis
" custom ocular prosthesis
"dvantages
"dvantages
?
5mproved adaptation to underlying tissues,
5mproved adaptation to underlying tissues,
?
5ncreased mobility of the prosthesis,
5ncreased mobility of the prosthesis,
?
5mproved facial contours, and
5mproved facial contours, and
?
nhanced esthetics gained from control
nhanced esthetics gained from control
over the si!e of the iris, color of the iris
over the si!e of the iris, color of the iris
and sclera.
and sclera.
>isadsvantage
>isadsvantage
?
5t is more e-pensive than a stock
5t is more e-pensive than a stock
prosthesis, and several steps are re:uired
prosthesis, and several steps are re:uired
for its fabrication
for its fabrication
%. .ever clean or soak your artificial eye in
%. .ever clean or soak your artificial eye in
rubbing alcohol because it will crack and
rubbing alcohol because it will crack and
destroy the ocular prosthesis.
destroy the ocular prosthesis.
,. Remove the ocular prosthesis only as
,. Remove the ocular prosthesis only as
necessary. Too much handling can cause
necessary. Too much handling can cause
socket irritation and result in e-cessive
socket irritation and result in e-cessive
secretions.
secretions.
1. 5f you remove your ocular prosthesis, be
1. 5f you remove your ocular prosthesis, be
sure to store it in water or soft contact
sure to store it in water or soft contact
lens saline solution. This will keep deposits
lens saline solution. This will keep deposits
from drying on the surface.
from drying on the surface.
<.To clean your prosthesis, use an
<.To clean your prosthesis, use an
antibacterial soap. 9ash the eye between
antibacterial soap. 9ash the eye between
your fingertips.
your fingertips.
&.5f you wish to or need to rinse out the
&.5f you wish to or need to rinse out the
socket, use sterile saline with bulb
socket, use sterile saline with bulb
syringe.
syringe.
/."ny eye drops can be used with the
/."ny eye drops can be used with the
artificial eye in place.
artificial eye in place.
@.2isit at
@.2isit at
least once a year
least once a year
or more often
or more often
to have your ocular prosthesis checked,
to have your ocular prosthesis checked,
cleaned and polished.
cleaned and polished.
4onclusion
4onclusion

The use of custom-made ocular prosthesis
has been a boon to the patients. The
esthetic and functional outcome of the
prosthesis was far better then the stock
ocular prosthesis.
"lthough the patient cannot see with this
prosthesis, it has definitely restored his
self-esteem and allowed him to confidently
face the world rather than hiding behind
dark glasses.
Thank you
Thank you
For more details please visit
For more details please visit

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OCULAR PROSTHESIS

Restore facial esthetics,

Prevent eyelid collapse and deformity,

Protect the socket against injuries caused by

Re-establish the correct route of the

Preserve muscular tonus to avoid anti-

The eye was a symbol of life

The Romans decorated

"mbrose Par# $%&%'-%&('), a famous

namel prostheses $%+,'s-

The introduction of cryolite

0erman craftsmen are credited

To make these glass eyes, a tube of glass

The glass art form flourished in *rance

The town of 3ausche, 0ermany, had a

5n the %(th century, 0erman craftsmen

8tock eyes $or pre-made

5n the 7nited 8tates, eyes continued to be

The 7nited 8tates military, along with a

;y the mid-%(<'s, glass

5n 2irginia, this was led

"lthough "merican Optical

"n ocular implant

5mplants have been

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