COMPARATORS

&
INTERFEROMETRY
System of displacement amplification

1. Cam and gear train

2. Lever with toothed sector
3. Compound levers
4. Rack and pinion
5. Twisted taut strip
6. Lever combined with band wound
around drum
7. Reeds combined with optical display
8. Tilting mirror projecting light spots
Dial Indicators
The linear movement of the spindle is
magnified by gear and pinion into sizable rotation
on the dial scale

Converts a linear displacement into a radial

movement to measure over a small range of
movement for the plunger.

Applications include,
- centering workpieces to machine tool
spindles
- offsetting lathe tail stocks
- aligning a vise on a milling machine
- checking dimensions
 
Dial Indicators
ULTRA HIGH AMPLIFICATION DIAL
INDICATORS
JOHANSSON MIKROKRATOR
SIGMA COMPARATOR
OPTICAL COMPARATORS
Profile projector
The object to be
tested is placed on the
work table.
The light beam after
passing through after
passing the object to be
projected passes into the
projection system
comprising lenses and
mirrors.
The lenses are used
to get the desired
magnification and mirrors
to direct the beam of light
on screen
Electrical comparator
ELECTRIC COMPARATOR
ELECTRONIC COMPARATOR
Pneumatic comparators
INTERFEROMETRY
Light waves can be used to measure various attribute, such
as distance by generating interference patterns.
In general, if we take a single beam of light, and split it, the
two separated beams will have the same frequency, and phase.
If the two beams take different length paths, but eventually
intersect each other, then they will form interference patterns,
much as is found in wave tanks.
OPTICAL FLAT
OPTICAL FLAT
MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER
. The surfaces are finished by rotary lapping machines.

· When done the flatness of the surfaces are inspected for

flatness. This is done with auto-collimators or laser alignment
equipment followed by geometrical analysis on computer.

· The general advantages of these plates over cast iron are,

- lower cost
- lower thermal expansion
quality
- non-rusting
- burrs do not occur