METABOLISME PROTEIN

Dr. I Dewa Ayu Susilawati, drg. M. Kes

Protein Diet
Asam amino
Urea
NH
3

Asetil-KoA
Nitrogen amino
glutamat
Benda keton Karbohidrat
(glukosa)
Derivat nitrogen
(nonprotein)
Protein
jaringan
SIKLUS
KREBS
2CO
2

T R A N S A M I N A S I
D E A M I N A S I
GARIS BESAR
METABOLISME
PROTEIN


Proteins are organic compounds made of
amino acids (polymers of -amino acids)

Kinds of amino acids: 20

Amount of amino acids > 50

AMINO ACIDS
Amino acids are molecules containing an
amine group, a carboxylic acid group and one
of the twenty R-groups.
Peptide bond
A peptide bond is a chemical bond formed between two molecules
when the carboxyl group of one molecule reacts with the amino
group of the other molecule, thereby releasing a molecule of water
(H2O).

KATABOLISME PROTEIN
Asam amino:
Amonia urea ekskresi
Karbon glikolisis atau SAS energi
Katabolisme treonin, glisin, serin, alanin
Jalur masuk asam amino ke Siklus Krebs
Pembentukan urea
The aromatic rings of tryptophan are precursors of
nicotinate, indoleacetate, and serotonin.
ASAM AMINO GLUKOGENIK

Glycine
Serine
Valine
Histidine
Arginine
Cysteine
Proline
Alanine
Glutamate
Glutamine
Aspartate
Asparagine
A glucogenic amino acid is an amino acid that can be
converted into glucose through gluconeogenesis
ASAM AMINO KETOGENIK
A ketogenic amino acid is an amino acid that can be converted into ketone
bodies through ketogenesis
Ketogenic amino acids are unable to be converted to glucose as both
carbon atoms in the ketone body are ultimately degraded to carbon
dioxide in the citric acid cycle.
In humans, the ketogenic amino acids are:
Leucine, lysine
In humans, the amino acids which can be ketogenic or glucogenic are:
Threonine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, Tyrosine
The three ketone bodies are:
Acetoacetate, which, if not oxidized to form usable energy,
Acetone, which is not used as an energy source, but is instead exhaled
or excreted as waste
-hydroxybutyrate is synthesized in the liver and can be used as an
energy source by the brain when blood glucose is low.
Each of these compounds is synthesized from acetyl-CoA molecules

GLUKONEOGENESIS
Biosintesis Protein
Transkripsi
Pembentukan mRNA
Dibutuhkan
- RNA polimerase
- DNA template (cetakan
- 4 macam ribonukleosida trifosfat:
ATP, GTP, CTP, UTP


DNA template
RNA polimerase
Mg++
mRNA
ATP
GTP
CTP
UTP
Translasi
1 Pengaktifan asam amino dengan ATP
asam amino + ATP



2. Pengikatan aminoasiladenilat dengan tRNA



3. Penggabungan antikodon pada tRNA dengan kodon triplet
mRNA
4. Pembentukan polipeptida

Asam amino
+ ATP
Amino asil adenilat
Aminoasil sintetase
Mg++
amino ASIL
ADENILAT
+ t RNA
Amino asil -tRNA
Aminoasil sintetase