Evaluasi Gizi dan Pangan In vitro

Samsu Udayana Nurdin

In vitro
In vitro (Latin for within the glass) refers to the
technique of performing a given procedure in a
controlled environment outside of a living organism.
In vivo (Latin for within the living) refers to
experimentation using a whole, living organism as
opposed to a partial or dead organism.
In silico is an expression used to mean performed on
computer or via computer simulation.
http://mpkb.org/home/patients/assessing_literature/in_vitro_studies
Pemanfaatan teknik in vitro
Kualitas gizi
Toksisitas
Mekanisme
Jalur metabolisme
Screening

Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1153:77-97. doi:
10.1007/978-1-4939-0606-2_6.
Analysis of carotenoids and tocopherols in
plant matrices and assessment of their in vitro
antioxidant capacity.
Melndez-Martnez AJ
1
, Stinco CM, Brahm PM,
Vicario IM.
Author information
Abstract
Carotenoids and tocopherols are lipid
secondary metabolites that play essential roles
in plants. They are also relevant compounds
from a nutritional standpoint and attract much
attention due to their proposed antioxidant
properties. In this chapter, methodologies for
the extraction and HPLC analysis of these
compounds are described as well as a widely
used protocol to assess their antioxidant
capacity.

BMC Vet Res. 2013 Jul 22;9:147. doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-9-147.
In vitro evaluation of defined oligosaccharide fractions in an equine model of
inflammation.
Vendrig JC
1
, Coffeng LE, Fink-Gremmels J.
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Dietary supplementation with oligosaccharides has been proven to be beneficial for
health in several mammalian species. Next to prebiotic effects resulting in a modulation of
gut micro biota, immunomodulatory effects of oligosaccharides have been documented in vivo. Supplementation with defined
oligosaccharide fractions has been shown to attenuate allergic responses and enhance defensive immune responses. Despite the
accumulating evidence for immunomodulatory effects, very limited information is available regarding the direct mechanism of
action of oligosaccharides. This study aims to elucidate the effects of selected oligosaccharide fractions on the lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) induced inflammatory response in equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We investigated three different
products containing either galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) alone, a combination of GOS with fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), and a
triple combination of GOS and FOS with acidic oligosaccharides (AOS), at different concentrations. These products have been used
in an identical composition in various previously published in vivo experiments. As the selected oligosaccharide fractions were
derived from natural products, the fractions contained defined amounts of mono- and disaccharides and minor amounts of
endotoxin, which was taken into account in the design of the study and the analysis of data. Acquired data were analysed in a
Bayesian hierarchical linear regression model, accounting for variation between horses.
RESULTS:
Exposing cultured PBMCs to either GOS or GOS/FOS fractions resulted in a substantial dose-dependent increase of tumour
necrosis factor- (TNF-) production in LPS challenged PBMCs. In contrast, incubation with GOS/FOS/AOS resulted in a dose-
dependent reduction of both TNF- and interleukin-10 production following LPS challenge. In addition, incubation with
GOS/FOS/AOS significantly increased the apparent PBMC viability, indicating a protective or mitogenic effect. Furthermore, mono-
and disaccharide control fractions significantly stimulated the inflammatory response in LPS challenged PBMCs as well, though to
a lesser extent than GOS and GOS/FOS fractions.
CONCLUSIONS:
We found distinct immunomodulating effects of the investigated standardised oligosaccharide fractions, which either stimulated
or suppressed the LPS induced inflammatory response in PBMCs. Both scenarios require additional investigation, to elucidate
underlying modulatory mechanisms, and to translate this knowledge into the clinical application of oligosaccharide supplements
in foals and other neonates.
Praktikum
Proyek Kelompok
Proposal dan laporan perorangan
Dikerjakan oleh kelompok dengan koordinasi
dengan asisten dan dosen
Tugas 1: Proposal (perorangan)
Buatlah latar belakang, tujuan, kerangaka pikir, dan
hipotesis dari penelitian dengan judul:
Pengaruh.................terhadap kadar protein dan aktivitas
antioksidan (in vitro) . ..................
Jenis perlakuan dan produk yang akan dibuat ditentukan
melalui diskusi kelompok
Dilengkapi daftar pustaka
Dikerjakan perorangan
Plagiatisme merupakan pelanggaran berat!!!
Dikumpul senin 12 Mei 2014 pukul 10.00
Terlambat akan dikurangi nilanya sebesar 50%
Nilai tugas ini merupakan 40% nilai praktikum dari saya
Pelaksanaan Praktikum
Dari proposal yang dikumpulkan oleh setiap
anggota kelompok, akan dipilih satu unyuk
dilengkapi menjadi proposal lengkap.
Setiap kelompok dipersilahkan memilih
waktunya untuk mengerjakan penelitian yang
akan dilakukan dengan berkoordinasi dengan
asisten dan dosen
Waktu pengerjaan 2 minggu (19 Mei-2juni
2014)

Laporan
Laporan praktikum dibuat perorangan berdasarkan
data kelompok
Laporan berisi: latar belakang, tujuan, kerangka
pemikiran, dan hipotesis (dari tugas 1), ditambah
Bahan dan Metode (meliputi analisis statistik), Hasil
Pembahasan, Kesimpulan, Daftar pustaka dan lampiran
(Data asli penelitian).
Plagiatisme merupakan pelanggaran berat!!!
Dikumpul senin 16 Juni 2014 pukul 10.00
Terlambat akan dikurangi nilanya sebesar 50%
Nilai tugas ini merupakan 40% nilai praktikum dari saya