slowest: Magnesium reaction with acid Neutralisation Firework Cooking an egg Sodium reacting with water Rusting
Rates of Reaction How can we find out the rate of a reaction? WAL: C B A Identify factors that affect the rate of reaction Describe how the rate of a reaction can be measured Analyse data on the rate of a reaction Fast or Slow Put the following into order, fastest to slowest: Magnesium reaction with acid Neutralisation Firework Cooking an egg Sodium reacting with water Rusting
Fast or Slow Put the following into order, fastest to slowest: Rusting Cooking an egg Neutralisation Firework Magnesium reaction with acid Sodium reacting with water What do we mean by rate? The rate of a reaction is the time taken for a product to form, or reactants to be used up
Q. What do you understand by the term rate of reaction? Rate = amount of product produced (reactants used up) / time taken REVIEW Measuring the rate at which _______ are used up or ______ are made are two ways of measuring the ______ of a chemical reaction. An example of a reaction that happens quickly is a ___________ . A reaction that happens slowly is __________ . REVIEW + magnesium hydrochloric acid +
magnesium chloride hydrogen Q. How could you measure the rate of the reaction? Include the units you would use? The amount of hydrochloric acid used up (cm 3 /min). The amount of magnesium chloride produced (g/min). The amount of hydrogen product (cm 3 /min). Measuring Rate How could you measure the rate of these reactions? Use your definition to help you. Measuring the decreasing mass of a reaction We can measure the rate at which the mass of a reaction mixture changes if the reaction gives off a gas. Measuring the increasing volume of gas produced If the reaction produces a gas we can measure the volume of gas and use that information to find out the rate of reaction. Measuring the decreasing light passing through a solution Some reactions produce an insoluble precipitate. This makes the solution go cloudy and we can therefore measure the rate at which the solid appears. h y d r o g e n
p r o d u c e d
( c m 3 )
time (seconds) 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 0 Calculating rate of reaction from graphs Total volume is 65cm 3
Total time is 38seconds What is the total volume produced? What is the time for the reaction to complete? Measuring the decreasing light passing through a solution Some reactions produce an insoluble precipitate. This makes the solution go cloudy and we can therefore measure the rate at which the solid appears. Measuring the decreasing mass of a reaction We can measure the rate at which the mass of a reaction mixture changes if the reaction gives off a gas. h y d r o g e n
p r o d u c e d
( c m 3 )
time (seconds) 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 0 x y Calculating rate of reaction from graphs rate of reaction = x y rate of reaction = 20 s 45 cm 3 = 2.25 cm 3 /s The gradient of the graph is equal to the initial rate of reaction at that time Graphs tell a story. Sketch these two graphs and write a sentence to explain what the graph shows you. ( Hint: 2 marker styles question) Question: Rate = amount of product produce / times takes = 5 / 25 Rates of Reaction How can we fond out the rate of a reaction? WAL: C B A Identify factors that affect the rate of reaction Describe how the rate of a reaction can be measured Analyse data on the rate of a reaction