WHAT IS SCIENCE?

* A way to answer questions & solve problems

* How we understand the world around us
*A way or process used to investigate what is
happening around you
*It provides possible answers

WE ANSWER SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS &
SOLVE PROBLEMS WITH 2 TYPES OF
RESEARCH.

WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES?
1.Descriptive Research

2.Experimental Research

DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH

DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
Based mainly on Observations
Used when experiments are impossible
to perform
Involves the following:
* Stating the research objective
*Describing the research design
*Eliminating bias


EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
Experimental research includes
investigations that:


Have variables
Test hypotheses
May have a control or control group
Is a set of planned steps
Tests one variable at a time


VARIABLE
A part of an investigation
that can be CHANGED

3 TYPES OF VARIABLES
1.Independent Variable
2.Dependent Variable
3.Controlled Variable

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
The variable that can be changed
during an experiment
The variable that the scientists
chooses to change
The variable that may cause a change
in the dependent variable

DEPENDENT VARIABLE
The factor that is being measured in
an experiment
The variable that is measured by
scientists
The variable that may change
because of the independent variable

CONTROLLED VARIABLE
(CONSTANT)
Variable that stays the same during
an experiment
Variable that is controlled by the
scientist
Variable that is not allowed to change
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY?
Science gaining knowledge
Technology using knowledge
- Applications of the findings of
science for practical purposes.

HOW DO SCIENTISTS OBSERVE?
SCIENTISTS OBSERVE
Using the 5 senses:
Hearing
Touch
Smell
Sight
Taste
Data Tables
-A way to record results and observations
accurately
-Have a descriptive title
-Divided into columns & rows
-Shows the independent variable
-Provides a place to record the dependent
variable


HOW TO RECORD DATA
Reported in scientific journals

Science journals

Presentations to other scientists

HOW DO SCIENTISTS COMMUNICATE THE
RESULTS OF THEIR WORK?
Reduce the data with the best measure of central
tendency

Graph the data

Look for patterns and relations

Look at the shape of the graph


HOW TO ANALYZE DATA
WHAT DO SCIENTISTS DO WHEN
THEY
DRAW CONCLUSIONS?
Answer the original question

State whether or not the hypothesis was
supported (it is never right or
wrong)

Pose questions for further research
HYPOTHESIS
A statement that can be tested by
conducting an experiment

Prior knowledge, new information,
observations can be used to form a
hypothesis
WHY ARE REPEATED TRIALS NECESSARY IN AN EXPERIMENT?
To make sure results are valid

The more trials conducted, the more likely the
results are reliable

To make sure a fluke is not considered the
true result

WHY DO SCIENTISTS USE MODELS?
To save time and money when testing ideas that are:

Very large
Very small
Dangerous
Time-consuming
WHEN ARE GOGGLES REQUIRED?
When using:

-Chemicals
-Heat
-Sharp objects
EXPLAIN THE SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT LATE WORK POLICY
No late work is accepted.