* How we understand the world around us *A way or process used to investigate what is happening around you *It provides possible answers
WE ANSWER SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS & SOLVE PROBLEMS WITH 2 TYPES OF RESEARCH.
WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES? 1.Descriptive Research
2.Experimental Research
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH Based mainly on Observations Used when experiments are impossible to perform Involves the following: * Stating the research objective *Describing the research design *Eliminating bias
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH Experimental research includes investigations that:
Have variables Test hypotheses May have a control or control group Is a set of planned steps Tests one variable at a time
VARIABLE A part of an investigation that can be CHANGED
3 TYPES OF VARIABLES 1.Independent Variable 2.Dependent Variable 3.Controlled Variable
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE The variable that can be changed during an experiment The variable that the scientists chooses to change The variable that may cause a change in the dependent variable
DEPENDENT VARIABLE The factor that is being measured in an experiment The variable that is measured by scientists The variable that may change because of the independent variable
CONTROLLED VARIABLE (CONSTANT) Variable that stays the same during an experiment Variable that is controlled by the scientist Variable that is not allowed to change WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY? Science gaining knowledge Technology using knowledge - Applications of the findings of science for practical purposes.
HOW DO SCIENTISTS OBSERVE? SCIENTISTS OBSERVE Using the 5 senses: Hearing Touch Smell Sight Taste Data Tables -A way to record results and observations accurately -Have a descriptive title -Divided into columns & rows -Shows the independent variable -Provides a place to record the dependent variable
HOW TO RECORD DATA Reported in scientific journals
Science journals
Presentations to other scientists
HOW DO SCIENTISTS COMMUNICATE THE RESULTS OF THEIR WORK? Reduce the data with the best measure of central tendency
Graph the data
Look for patterns and relations
Look at the shape of the graph
HOW TO ANALYZE DATA WHAT DO SCIENTISTS DO WHEN THEY DRAW CONCLUSIONS? Answer the original question
State whether or not the hypothesis was supported (it is never right or wrong)
Pose questions for further research HYPOTHESIS A statement that can be tested by conducting an experiment
Prior knowledge, new information, observations can be used to form a hypothesis WHY ARE REPEATED TRIALS NECESSARY IN AN EXPERIMENT? To make sure results are valid
The more trials conducted, the more likely the results are reliable
To make sure a fluke is not considered the true result
WHY DO SCIENTISTS USE MODELS? To save time and money when testing ideas that are:
Very large Very small Dangerous Time-consuming WHEN ARE GOGGLES REQUIRED? When using:
-Chemicals -Heat -Sharp objects EXPLAIN THE SCIENCE DEPARTMENT LATE WORK POLICY No late work is accepted.
(Advances in the Study of Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Economic Growth) Sherry Hoskinson, Donald F. Kuratko (eds.) - The Challenges of Ethics and Entrepreneurship in the Global Environment-Emerald.pdf