Convergence trends in Telecom

LONG TERM EVALUATION

M.F.ANSARI
Sr GM . BSNL
MP CIRCLE BHOPAL
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3
Telecom Evolution
Telegraphy
Telephony
Data Communications

Analogue
Digital
IP

CHNAGING
GENERATIONS
TELECOMMUNICATION
WIRELINE
TELEGRAPH
TELEPHONY VOICE
INTERNET DATA
LEASED LINE
BROADBAND ADSL
FIBRE TO THE HOME
(FTTH)
WIRELESS
POINT TO POINT
WIRELESS LINKS
MOBILE PHONES
CDMA
GSM
MOBILE NW
2G
3G --BROADBAND
4G OR LTE

4
5
Present Generation Networks
DWDM / SDH TDM Based
Transmission System
TAX Network
PSTN
GSM / CDMA
Data Network
6
Broadband
An always-on Network Connection
Capable of providing
Interactive Voice
Data and
Video Services
On Public Networks
With a Minimum of 256 Kbps speed
7
2
6
0
00

2
0
0
00

1
4
0
00

8
0
0
0

4
0
0
0

2
0
0
0

1
5
0
0

1
0
0
0

9
0
0

8
0
0

7
0
0

6
0
0

5
0
0

4
0
0

3
0
0

2
0
0

1
0
0

0

In Kbps
Bandwidth Demand by
Applications
12
30
50
100
130
200
300
500
600
2000
6000
Applications
High Definition TV
Real time Sports
Real time Movie
Online Games
Video Conferencing
Multimedia Web Browsing
Interactive TV
Hi-Fi Audio Streaming
Video Telephony
Software downloading
Static Web Browsing
Text E-Mail
IP Telephony
20000
120
8
Broadband Technologies
Broadband Technologies
Wireless
3G Mobile
Wireline
Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)
Wi-MAX
4G Mobile
DSL (Digital Subs Line)
Cable Modem
Optical Fiber
Technologies
PLC (Power Line
Communication)
9
Wireless Access Evolution
Broadband
New Services
Efficiency
Broadband
Subscribers
Voice
Coverage
Mobility
Voice Quality
Portability
Capacity
Broadband
Network
Simplification
Cost of
Ownership
10
4G is the short term for fourth-generation wireless, the stage of broadband
mobile communications that will supersede the third generation (3G).
While neither standards bodies nor carriers have defined or
agreed upon what exactly 4G will be, it is expected that very high bit
rate, low latency end-to-end IP and high-quality streaming video will be among
4G's distinguishing features.
The International Telecommunication Union
(ITU) defines "4G" as network technology with
throughput of 100Mbps for wide area/mobile
use and 1Gbps for hot spot coverage to be
applied in new spectrum bands with 100 MHz
channels.
What is 4G ?
11
LTE the global standard for Next Generation
CDMA Track (3GPP2)
GSM Track (3GPP)
2001 2005 2008 2010
LTE
FDD and TDD
GSM WCDMA HSPA
TD-SCDMA
CDMA One EVDO Rev A
Mobile System Evolution
13
5 MHz carrier
4x4 MIMO
Downlink
3.6 Mbps

14 Mbps

21 Mbps 28 Mbps

42 Mbps


15 codes
2x2 MIMO 64QAM
Both
5 MHz carrier
4x4 MIMO
2007
2008
2009
eHSPA

158 Mbps
Uplink
0.384 Mbps

1.4 Mbps

5.8 Mbps

12 Mbps
HSPA
on the uplink
2 ms TTI
16QAM
52 Mbps
20 MHz carrier
2x2 MIMO
20 MHz carrier
1x2 MIMO
80 Mbps
LTE
(Q3 2009)
23 Mbps
LTE
(Q3 2009)
eHSPA

HSPA
Evolution to even higher speeds and lower latency
2006
Telecom
Industry
main frames
desk top computing
PC-LAN
PC-WAN
Intranet/Internet
electronic
publishing and
entertainment
Computer Industry
Media Industry
Industry transformation / Convergence

The Converged
Industry
Wireline
mobility
Wireless/Cellular
PSTN
PTN
ISDN
PC/Servers
New
Telecoms
Industry

3G/Wireless Internet
Carrier class
MMM
WWW
Personal
(Mobile)
Multi-media
services
WAP
15
3G Evolution
Radio Side (LTE Long Term Evolution)
Improvements in spectral efficiency, user throughput,
latency
Simplification of the radio network
Efficient support of packet based services: MBMS, IMS,
etc.
Network Side (SAE System Architecture Evolution)
Improvement in latency, capacity, throughput
Simplification of the core network
Optimization for IP traffic and services
Simplified support and handover to non-3GPP access
technologies

19
3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE)
3GPP (LTE) is Adopting:
OFDMA in DL with 64QAM
All IP e2e Network
Channel BWs up to 20 MHz
Both TDD and FDD profiles
Flexible Access Network
Advanced Antenna Technologies
UL: Single-Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), (64QAM optional)

LTE is adopting technology & features already available with
Mobile WiMAX
Can expect similar long-term performance benefits and trade-offs


19
20
Mobile Broadband Technologies are Emerging
OFDM, All-IP, MIMO & AAS are the key technologies of new & future
wireless standards
22
Key LTE radio access features
LTE radio access
Downlink: OFDM
Uplink: SC-FDMA

Advanced antenna solutions
Diversity
Beam-forming
Multi-layer transmission (MIMO)

Spectrum flexibility
Flexible bandwidth
New and existing bands
Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD
20 MHz 1.4 MHz
SC-FDMA
OFDMA
TX TX
24
Main Future Competition LTE & WiMAX
RNC RNC
CN
NodeB NodeB NodeB NodeB
aGW
eNodeB eNodeB
Its an evolution &
revolution from HSPA to LTE
How to protect existing
investment through smooth
upgrade?

LTE WiMAX
Competition
LTE is 2 years later than
WiMAX wave1 (performance
comparable to HSPA),
furious competition
IP transmission
network
SAE
GW
Large amount of IP
transmission resource
is necessary for LTE &
WiMAX
25
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
S
u
b
s
c
r
i
p
t
i
o
n
s

(
m
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l
l
i
o
n
)
Fixed Mobile
LTE driven by mobile broadband
80% of Broadband subscribers are mobile in 2014
Mobile Broadband includes: CDMA2000 EV-DO, HSPA, LTE, Mobile WiMAX, TD-SCDMA
Fixed broadband includes: DSL, FTTx, Cable modem, Enterprise leased lines and Wireless Broadband
27
GGSN to access-
generic Gateway
SGSN to Mobility server
2G/3G integration
BSC
RNC
SGSN/ MME Server
SAE
Gateway
Charging,
Policy Control,
IMS
Evolved Packet Core
Smooth multi-access evolution
Mobile IP
PDSN/HSGW
GSM, HSPA
TD-SCDMA
LTE CDMA
IP networks
Devices with Multiple Access Multiple
Applications
Always with you
Personal Communications
& Content center:
Voice, SMS, MMS, e-mail, etc
Fixed phone
Pager
Fax
Portable radio
MP3 player/Walkman
TV reciever
Digital camera
Video camera
Memory stick
Game console
PDA
Credit cards
GPS
Color Screens
Multi Access Technologies
GSM
WCDMA
UMA etc.
The triple play

TV, Video, Audio
Internet (PC)

Convenience
through
convergence
Handsets
Telephony
BT Fusion
Connection via Blue tooth to Broadband
Seamless in-call handover
Wi-Fi enabled BT Hub
Up to six phones per household, three calling simultaneously
Voice
Mobile
Data
The Femto handles multiple services
IP Backhaul
PC
Data
Quality of service
mechanism -
Voice always prio
over data
Works with any
ADSL or Ethernet
(>0,5 Mbps)
2G & 3G
phones
GPRS &
EDGE
WiFi and
Ethernet
mobile@home
BSC
transmission
network
HBSC
IP network
A/Gb
A/Gb
Core network
MSC/HLR
Internet
GSM Macro cell
Unlicenced @home pico cell
network Today----Mobile@Home Tool Box
Mobile calls without GAN
Mobile
GSM-Cell
IP Access
Network
Internet
Access
Transmission
Network
BSC
MSC
HLR
SGSN
network Today----Mobile@Home Tool Box
Access
Transmission
Network
Mobile calls without GAN
Home
GSM-Cell
IP Access
Network
Internet
BSC
MSC
HLR
SGSN
network Today----Mobile@Home Tool Box
Mobile calls with GAN
Mobile
GSM-Cell
IP Access
Network
Internet
Access
Transmission
Network
BSC
GANC
MSC
HLR
SGSN
GAN-Cell
network Today----Mobile@Home Tool Box
GANC: Generic Network Access Controller
Access
Transmission
Network
Mobile calls with GAN
In GAN-Cell (1)
GSM-Cell
IP Access
Network
Internet
BSC
GANC
MSC
HLR
SGSN
1
Attach to AP
1
GAN-Cell
network Today----Mobile@Home Tool Box
Access
Transmission
Network
Mobile calls with GAN
In GAN-Cell (2)
GSM-Cell
IP Access
Network
Internet
BSC
GANC
MSC
HLR
SGSN
2
Attach to AP
IPSec Tunnel
2
1
GAN-Cell
network Today----Mobile@Home Tool Box
Access
Transmission
Network
Mobile calls with GAN
In GAN-Cell (3)
GSM-Cell
IP Access
Network
Internet
BSC
GANC
3
MSC
HLR
SGSN
Attach to AP
IPSec Tunnel
Handover prepared 3
2
1
GAN-Cell
network Today----Mobile@Home Tool Box
Mobile calls with GAN
In GAN-Cell (4)
GSM-Cell
IP Access
Network
Internet
BSC
GANC
4
MSC
HLR
SGSN
Attach to AP
IPSec Tunnel
Handover prepared
Handover performed
3
2
1
4
Access
Transmission
Network
GAN-Cell
network Today----Mobile@Home Tool Box
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