PARTS OF SPEECH

VERBS
Presented by
Anisa Latifah
Raka Dwinanta Aldilla
Contents
Definition
Types of verbs
Exercises
Definition
Verbs are words that express action or state being, and they are
an essential part of a complete sentence. In a sentence, verbs
are used as predicate.
Types Of Verbs
1. Transitive verbs
A transitive verb is a verb that requires one or more objects to complete the meaning
of a sentence.
Examples :
He watches the film. (this sentence will not be complete, if we remove the film.
People will wonder what does he watch? So, the verb watch needs an object to
complete the meaning of the sentence).
The man cuts the tree.
In other words, this kind of verb cant stand alone without noun or pronoun as object.
Types Of Verbs
Usually, transitive verbs only have one object. The objects are
Noun
Example : I have bought a car.
Pronoun
Example : I will see it.
Infinitives
Example : I want to swim.
Gerund
Example : He likes climbing.
Phrases
Example : They dont know how to make it go.
Clause
Example : I dont know what you want.
Types Of Verbs
But, there are some of transitive verbs that have two objects (double object).
One is generally the name of certain thing, and the other one is the name of a
person or animal. The mentioned thing is known as direct object and mentioned
person or animal is known as indirect object.
Example :
I brought her a book
A book = direct object
Her = indirect object
Types Of Verbs
The thing that you have to know that the indirect object is always located before
the direct object. If the direct object is located after the indirect object, we have
to use preposition to and for.
Example :
I made a kite for him.
A kite = direct object
Him = indirect object

Types Of Verbs
2. Intransitive verbs
An intransitive verb is a verb that no need an object, since the sentence can be
understood completely.
Examples :
The baby cries.
My mother is sleeping.
The water boils.
Types Of Verbs
There are some verbs that can be used as both transitive and intransitive verb.
Examples :
He drops his bottles. (transitive)
The rain drops from the sky. (intransitive)
The contestants still misunderstood then. (transitive)
The contestants still misunderstood. (intransitive)
They grow the rubber trees. (transitive)
Rice grows in the fertile soil. (intransitive)
Types Of Verbs
There are some intransitive verbs that use objective noun and has unity of
meaning with its verb. The object is called Cognate Object.
Examples :
He laughs a hard laugh.
He slept a sound sleep.
He died a miserable death.

Types Of Verbs
There are some transitive and intransitive verbs that although have an object
but the meaning has not been perfect yet before adding another words.
Words which considered in this kind of verb that are ; make, name , call, find ,
declare, suppose, consider, bring, give, appoint, seen, hear, etc.
Examples :
I will make you happy.
I appoint him to be my assistant.
Types Of Verbs
There are some verbs that have patterns like this
Verb + Preposition + Object
Verb + Preposition + Verb ing
Examples :
We talked about the problem.
She felt sorry for coming late.
Types Of Verbs
Verbs for the second pattern that are succeed in, think about/of, dream of,
dream about, approve of, look forward to, insist on, decide against, angry with,
sorry for, thanks for, etc.
Theirs is certain verb that has pattern like this
Verb + Object + Preposition + Verb ing
Types Of Verbs
Examples :
They accused me of telling lies.
Do you suspect the man of being a spy?
I congratulade Bob on passing the exam.
What prevented him for coming to the party?
I thank her for being so helpful.

Types Of Verbs
3. Finite Verbs
A finite verb is a verb that is influenced by tenses (present or past), person
(first/second/third), and number (singular/plural).
A finite verb can be the single main verb in a sentence.

Types Of Verbs
Examples :

Types Of Verbs
4. Non-finite Verbs
A non-finite verb is a verb that isnt influenced by tenses (present or past), person
(first/second/third), and number (singular/plural).
A non-finite verb can not be the single main verb in a sentence. Except, there is a
primary auxiliary or a modal verb afterward.
There is also a non-finite verb that must be followed by particle to to become a
noun.
Types Of Verbs
The non-finite verb forms are present participle, past participle, infinitive, bare
infinitive, and gerund.
Examples :
Present participle: She is working
Past Participle: She has worked
Infinitive: She prefer to work
Bare infinitive: She may work
Gerund : She loves working here
Types Of Verbs
5. Auxilary verbs
An auxiliary verb is a verb that is used together with other verbs to express an action or situation.
Examples :
Is, am, are
Was, were
Do, does, did
Has, have, had
Can, could
May, might
Will, would
Shall, should
Must
Ought to
Had better
Need, dare (can be used as finite verb)
Types Of Verbs
6. Linking verbs
A linking verb is a verb that is used for connecting the subject of a sentence to a
noun or adjective that renames or describe it. this Noun or adjective is called the
subject complement.
If we replace this linking verb with to be (am, is, are, was, etc.), the meaning will not
change.
Types Of Verbs
Linking verbs
Be (is, am, are, was, etc.)
Look
Stay
Appear
Become
Remain
Taste
Feel
Seem
Smell
Grow
Sound
Types Of Verbs
Examples :
The actress is beautiful.
Alex looks serious. (= Alex is serious)
The cakes smell delicious. (= the cakes are delicious)
Types Of Verbs
7. Regular Verbs
Those verbs that form their past participle with d or ed are regular verbs.
These verbs do not undergo substantial changes while changing forms
between tenses.
Types Of Verbs
Types Of Verbs
8. Irregular Verbs
Those verbs that undergo substantial changes when changing forms
between tenses are irregular verbs. The changed forms of these verbs are
often unrecognisably different from the originals.
TIME FOR EXERCISE GUYS
Exercise Part 1
Decide whether the following verbs are transitive or intransitive :
The workmen have been painting for hours. _________
When they call from the charity, Mrs. Alpert always gives generously. __________
Before you send the proposal, make sure you edit it carefully. ____________
That perfume smells nice. _____________
My new car cost me a small fortune. ______________
Jim owed his landlord $450. _____________
Pete emigrated from Australia in 1998. _____________
The customer was tired of waiting, so he got up and left.___
Are you sure you want to paint the ceiling too? _____
Please take the documents over to Mrs. Samuels office. _____________

intransitive
intransitive
transitive
intransitive
transitive
transitive
intransitive
intransitive
transitive
transitive
Exercise Part 2
Decide whether the following verbs are finite or non-finite :
Nancy does her homework every day.
Nancy is doing her homework at the moment.
They are writing a letter.
She speaks Chinese very well.
He has a big car.
The proposal has been examined today.
She tried to help him.
It is healthy to laugh problems.
Finding the gates widely open, the thief went inside.
He had his car cleaned.
Finite
Non-finite
Finite
Finite
Finite
Non-finite
Finite
Non-finite
Non-finite
Non-finite
Exercise Part 3
Circle the helping/auxiliary verb in each sentence :
Jason will play video games tomorrow.
The surgeon has operated many times before.
My little sister is singing like a rock star.
Scott can kick better than anyone on the team.
The beautiful sailboat was built in 1985.
Sarah is walking her puppy in the park.
Jake and his dad are using the computer.
Mom will bake special cookies for the party.
Tim had given his mother some flowers.
The very small girl can ski all by herself.
Exercise Part 4
Decide whether the following verbs are linking verb or not :
She looks fine.
She looked into the street.
He is the best soccer player in the world.
She was great in her new performance.
He seems confused.
They tasted the pizza.
The pizza tasted good.
That sounds fantastic.
I stayed at the hotel last night.
He grew tired of running.

Linking verb
Linking verb
Linking verb
Linking verb
Linking verb
Linking verb
Linking verb
Linking verb
Ordinary verb
Ordinary verb