THEORIES OF MOTIVATION

Topics:
Instinct Theory of Motivation
Incentive Theory of Motivation
Drive Theory of Motivation
Arousal Theory of Motivation
Humanistic Theory of Motivation
Instinct Theory of Motivation
- Instinct theory proposes that organisms
engage in certain behaviors because they lead
to success in terms of natural selection.
Instinct theory casts motivation as essentially
intrinsic and biologically based. ( Melucci,
2010)
- This theory suggests that all behaviors are
driven by instincts.

Incentive Theory of Motivation
- An incentive is either a promise or an act that
is provided for the sake of greater action.
- An incentive may be an additional benefit or
remuneration or job promotion given to an
employee either to recognize his
achievements or encourage him to perform
better.
Incentives can be:
Positive Incentives
Negative Incentives
Positive Incentives - Incentives that give a
positive guarantee for satisfying an individuals
needs and wants.
Negative Incentives - are provided in order to
rectify an individuals mistakes and errors for the
sake of achieving satisfying results.
Incentives can also be:
Monetary Incentives
- increase of salary.
Non-monetary Incentives
- praise, promotion opportunities,
recognition and job security.

Drive Theory of Motivation
- An organism experiences a physical
or psychological drive, and is aware
and attentive to it, that organism will
take action to reduce the drives
strength by fulfilling the need.

Arousal Theory of Motivation
- states that we are driven to maintain a
certain level of arousal in order to feel
comfortable.
- Individuals who are high on sensation-
seeking will have high motivation for
activities that they find physiologically
arousing.
Humanistic Theory of Motivation
This is based on the idea that
people also have strong cognitive
reasons to perform various
actions.