and the Stigmas attached to Men and Women

based on Race, Class

Old School

The word tattoo "comes from the Tahitian word tatau -
translated its hitting repeatedly- describing the practice of
writing indelible marks on human skin.
During a visit to the Marquesas islands. Captain Cook wrote in
his diary they print signs on peoples body and call this
tattow (Voyages of Captain Cook by Banks).
Many Navigators stopping by the Polynesian islands got
tattooed, beginning the tradition of tattooing among sailors.
The Missionaries converted the locals to Christianity and the art
of tattooing was completely forbidden. Social Construction


Tattoo or tatau

Culture Change?

Tattooed Americans are more likely to be uninsured, live in a
Republican congressional district and voted for Barack Obama.
Tattoos: more popular in the Midwest and South than in the Northeast
and West.
People who didnt attend college are more than twice as likely to have
a tattoo than someone who completed graduate school.
Democrats are slightly more likely than average to live in a tattoo
household.
Core Republicans are the least likely political affiliation to do so.

(Epstein blog)

In America Tattoos suggest class to many and imply achieved status.






Negative stigmas have been and still
are, associated with tattooing.

Todays Body Art

Adornments, status symbols, or declaration of religious beliefs
a meaningful form of expression.
Egyptian women were doing gender over 4000 years ago.
Evidence of a new tattoos was depicted on women thought to
be musicians and dancers.
The Greeks tattooed gladiatorsas public propertyand early
Christians condemned to the mines.
Among many of the ancient cultures the Greeks and Romans
encountered Dacians, Gauis, Picts, Celts, and Britons, to name a
fewtattoos were seen as marks of pride. for the Thracians,
tattoos were greatly admired and "tattooing among them marks
noble birth an ascribed status.
Native Americans 1200 to 1600, tattooing was a vital part
shared religious ideas.

What are tattoos really?

TSA Uniform rules on Tattoos:
Tattoos must be covered at all times and not visible to the
general public.
Some corporations (an individual) maintain a strict
policy against visible tattoos, often companies that feel the
need to make a good impression on the general public.
Culture, Status
Prejudice still exists within corporate America about
tattoos.
San Bernardino County CA, bars all employees from
having visible tattoos. Structural Racism
More people have Tattoos but does
that mean their more widely
accepted at work?


Corporations have every right to discriminate
against "optional" appearance-related traits, and
many large corporations ban long hair, beards and
visible tattoos.
There have been cases where a manger will see an
employee with a tattoo revealed at a company event
and in turn, finds other reasons to terminate the
employee.
If you live in an employment "at will" state,
remember that you can be fired for no reason at all.
Modern Day Black Codes

Previous research indicates that negative stigma has
been and still is, associated with tattooing.

Social Construction of difference as deviance or
deficiency is the basis for oppression. (Rothenberg
119)
The problem of doing gender
with tattoos is that reinventing
yourself can be a challenge.



References

Senn, C., Daina, H., & Chantal, T. (2004). Factors That Influence Attitudes Toward Women with Tattoos. Sex Roles, 50(9), 593-
604. Retrieved March 30, 2011, from http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:SERS.0000027564.83353.06

EPSTEIN, R. J. (n.d.). Pollsters Find a Correlation: Tattoos and Video Games - Washington Wire - WSJ. Washington Wire RSS.
Retrieved May 21, 2014, from http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2014/05/02/pollsters-find-a-link-tattoos-and-video-games/

Murray, M. (n.d.). Poll: Body Ink is in, Newspaper Ink is Out - NBC News. NBC News. Retrieved May 21, 2014, from
http://www.nbcnews.com/politics/first-read/poll-body-ink-newspaper-ink-out-n95056

Steward, S. M. (1990). Bad boys and tough tattoos: a social history of the tattoo with gangs, sailors, and street-corner punks,
1950-1965. New York: Haworth Press.

TSA MANAGEMENT DIRECTIVE No. 1100.73-2 TSO DRESS AND APPEARANCE RESPONSIBILITIES. (n.d.).
http://www.tsa.gov/video/pdfs/mds/TSA_MD_1100_73_2_FINAL_070621.pdf. Retrieved May 19, 2014, from
http://www.tsa.gov/video/pdfs/mds/TSA_MD_1100_73_2_FINAL_070621.pdf

Martin, B. A., & Dula, C. S. (2010). MORE THAN SKIN DEEP: PERCEPTIONS OF,
AND STIGMA AGAINST, TATTOOS. College Student Journal, 44(1), 200-206.

Burleson. (n.d.). Professional dress code and Tattoos. <i>Professional dress code and Tattoos</i>. Retrieved May 21, 2014, from
http://www.dba-oracle.com/dress_code_tattoos.htm

The Tahiti Traveler. (n.d.). <i>The Tahiti Traveler</i>. Retrieved May 21, 2014, from
http://www.thetahititraveler.com/general-information/art-culture/polynesian-tattoo/

Tattoos in American Society