FLUID

System
 Introduction
• It is defined as the device in which power is
transmitted with the help of a fluid which may be
a liquid or a gas under pressure
• Few devices which will be discussed:
1. Hydraulic Accumulator
2. Hydraulic intensifier
3. Hydraulic ram
4. Hydraulic lift
5. Hydraulic crane
6. Hydraulic coupling
7. Hydraulic torque converter
Hydraulic Accumulator
• A hydraulic accumulator IS AN
ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE. IT IS A
PRESSURE STORAGE RESERVOIR IN
WHICH A NON-COMPRESSIBLE
HYDRAULIC FLUID IS HELD UNDER
PRESSURE BY AN EXTERNAL
SOURCE.
Working of A hydraulic
Accumulator
Inlet supplies water from
pump under
pressure.
 ram is at lowest point in the
beginning.
Water supplied will raise the
ram on
which load is placed.
Ram at outer most position
makes the cylinder fill with
water and the accumulator stores
energy and when it is required it
supplies the energy.
Hydraulic Intensifier
Introduction
• It is a device used to increase the intensity of
pressure of water by means of hydraulic
energy available from a large amount of water
at low pressure.
• This type of device is used in hydraulic
machine such as hydraulic press which
requires water under high pressure, which
can’t be obtained from direct supply.
Schematic Diagram Of the Intensifier

WATE
Low S
 Working of Hydraulic Intensifier
• Water from the upper low pressure supply
enters in the fixed cylinder,exerting force
downward.
• This makes the Movable cylinder move
downward and thus water b/w the fixed ram
and the movable cylinder compresses and it
flows out from the outlet with high pressure.
Hydraulic Ram
 Introduction
• It is a pump which raises water without any
external power for its operation.
• The hydraulic ram is sometimes used in
remote areas, where there is both a source of
low-head hydropower, and a need for pumping
water to a destination higher in elevation than
the source. In this situation, the ram is often
useful, since it requires no outside source of
power other than the kinetic energy of water.
Working Of Hydraulic Ram
1. Water flows from
Supply Tank to the
chamber.
2. Water starts filling
the chamber & lifting
up the valve B.
3. At a point B closes
suddenly and force
open C.
4. Water compresses the
air in the air vessel.
5. Small qty. of water
goes to the greater
height.
Hydraulic lift
Introduction
• A hydraulic lift is a device used for carrying
passenger or goods from one floor to another in
multistoried building.
• A Hydraulic Lift Can be classified into two types

1.Direct Acting Hydraulic Lift

2.Suspended Hydraulic Lift

 1. Direct acting Hydraulic Lift
 Liquid under pressure flows
into fixed cylinder.
 This liquid exerts force on
the sliding ram.
 This moves the ram
vertically up .
 Thus the cage reaches to the
required height.
2. Suspended Hydraulic Lift
 Fill water in the
E
E
jigger .
Y  Ram moves along
with movable
pulley in the left
direction.
 Gap b/w the pulleys
increases.
Jigge
 Hence the cage
rFixed moves up.
Pulley
Block
Hydraulic Crane
• Introduction
A hydraulic crane is a device which is used for
raising or transferring heavy loads.
It is Widely used in work shops,ware house and
dock sidings.
Few parts which a crane must carry are
1. Jib- Any triangular fore-and-aft sail (set forward
of the foremast).
2.Tie- A cord (or string or ribbon or wire etc.) with
which something is tied.
3.Mast- A vertical spar for supporting sails or Any
sturdy upright pole.
4.Guide Pulley.
5.Jigger- Any small mast on a sailing vessel.
Working Of Hydraulic Crane
 Water fills
in the
jigger .
 Gap b/w
pulley
increases as
the ram moves
up along with
the movable
pulley.
 Hence load
is lifted.
Hydraulic Coupling
Introduction
• It is a device use to transmit power from
driving shaft to driven shaft with the help of
fluid.
• There is no mechanical connection between
the two shaft.
• It consists of a radial pump impeller mounted
on driving shaft and a radial flow reaction
turbine mounted on the driven shaft
Working Of Hydraulic Coupling
 In beginning both the shaft are
at rest.
 When A rotates ,oil starts
moving from inner radius to the
outer radius of the pump impeller.
 The P.E. & K.E. of the oil
increases at outer radius of pump
impeller.
 This oil of increased energy
enters the runner at its outer radius
and flows through its inner radius.
 During this process ,the oil
transfers its energy to the blades
of the runner and makes the
runner to rotate.
 The oil from the runner flows
back into the pump impeller.
Hydraulic Torque Converter

Cut away model of a Torque Converter

Introduction
• It is a device used for transmitting increased
torque at the driven shaft .
• The torque transmitted at the driven shaft may
be less or more than the torque available at the
driving shaft.
• The torque at the driven shaft may be
increased about five times the torque available
at the torque available at the driving shaft with
an efficiency of about 90%.
Working Of Torque Converter
 The construction is
same as in Hydraulic
Coupling.
 But in order to increase
the torque the speed of the
driven shaft should be
decreased. This is because
Power at any shaft is
directly proportional to the
product of speed and
torque of the shaft.
 For this the oil from the
impeller is allowed to run
Thank
You