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This document discusses several models and concepts related to agenda setting in the policy process. It describes the governmental agenda as issues that officials are paying serious attention to. It also discusses Kingdon's model of agenda setting, which involves three streams - problems, proposals, and politics - that join together during a window of opportunity to move an issue onto the policy agenda. Finally, it outlines the concept of policy monopoly, which provides stability in agenda setting by entrenching certain actors and ideas to influence how problems are defined and alternatives are denied consideration.
This document discusses several models and concepts related to agenda setting in the policy process. It describes the governmental agenda as issues that officials are paying serious attention to. It also discusses Kingdon's model of agenda setting, which involves three streams - problems, proposals, and politics - that join together during a window of opportunity to move an issue onto the policy agenda. Finally, it outlines the concept of policy monopoly, which provides stability in agenda setting by entrenching certain actors and ideas to influence how problems are defined and alternatives are denied consideration.
This document discusses several models and concepts related to agenda setting in the policy process. It describes the governmental agenda as issues that officials are paying serious attention to. It also discusses Kingdon's model of agenda setting, which involves three streams - problems, proposals, and politics - that join together during a window of opportunity to move an issue onto the policy agenda. Finally, it outlines the concept of policy monopoly, which provides stability in agenda setting by entrenching certain actors and ideas to influence how problems are defined and alternatives are denied consideration.
PROBLEMS? Prepared by : Carolina Galiotti, Lidia Sandoval, Saul Guerrero Policy Cycle Agenda Setting Formulation Decision- Making Implementation Evaluation ( Howlett , 2009) Agenda Setting Governmental agenda: a list of subjects or problems to which governmental official and those close to them are paying serious attention Agenda setting process: Is about the recognition of some subject as a problem requiring further government attention
Non-cyclical Critical stage Decisive
(Baumgartner and John, 2005 in Howlett et al, 2009) Issue attention cycle Rooted in: Nature of certain domestic problems Media news cycle
Problems suddenly leaps into prominence, remains there for a short time, and then gradually fades from the center of public attention.
(Downs,1972)
Window of opportunity Policy Problem Politics Kingdons Model When does an issue become a problem? Conflict with prevailing values Placement under different categories Crisis or Focusing event Problem Recognition Criteria: Technically feasible Acceptable budgetary cost Acceptable to the mass publics Policy Stream of proposal relates to changes in administration, shifts in partisan or ideological balances in congress, shifts in national mood, partisan realignments, or interest group pressures. Political Stream Streams: Problems, Proposals, and Politics Joining of the Streams Independancy Not linear Special moment: Window of opportunity
a problem is recognized, a solution is available and the political conditions are right
The Policy Window Are opportunities that open and close based on the dynamic interaction of political institutions, policy actors, and the articulation of ideas in the form of proposed policy solutions. (Howlett,2009) Windows Open Close 4 Windows types Routinized political Institutionalized events Discretionary political Behaviour of individual political actor Spillover problem Random problems Related issues drawn in open windows Random events or crises
Windows can be designed to stay closed for extended periods:
Multi-year founding authorizations. Military programs. Fiscal devises
Policy Monopoly Mechanism that provides stability in agenda setting.
A subsystem that entrenches the basic idea set, many of the actors, and the institutional order in which policy development occurs, locking in a policy discourse.
Attempting to construct Hegemonic images of policy problems that allow influential actors in a subsystem to practice agenda denial, preventing alternate images and ideas to penetrate and influence governments.
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