Operating

System
 What is an Operating System?

Operating System
- is a program designed to run
other programs on a computer.

- it is the backbone of a
computer, managing both
software and hardware resources.

- it controls execution of
programs to prevent errors &
improper use of the computer.

Dec. 13, 2008 Capitol University Electronics Engineering

2
 List of Operating
Systems
AIX / AIXL
SuSE Linux
AmigaOS
Symbian OS
Bayanihan Linux
Tru64 Unix
BSD
Unix
Caldera Linux
Windows 95
Corel Linux
Windows 98
Debian Linux
Windows 2000
Linux
Windows 2003
MAC OS
Windows CE
MAC OS X
Windows ME
Mandriva Linux
Windows Mobile
MINIX
Windows NT
MS-DOS
Windows XP
OS/2
Windows Vista
OS X iPhone
 Different
Operating
Systems

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OS 4
 Advanced Interactive eXecutive (AIX)

It was introduced in 1986 for the IBM 6150 RT

workstation.

It is a proprietary operating systems sold by IBM

for several of its computer system platforms, based
on UNIX System V with 4.3BSD-compatible command
and programming interface extensions.

Supports standard peripherals: PCI Slots, SCSI,

PS/2 keyboard, mouse and Ethernet.

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OS 5
 Intended purpose:
-server/mainframe: medium to large
scale servers, mainframes
-desktop/workstation: workstations

File System:
It can read/write/format:
Journaled File System , Network File
System, AutoFS and CacheFS.

Maximum memory is
16GB

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OS 6
 AmigaOS

It is the default native operating system of

the Amiga personal computer.

It was developed first by Commodore

International, and initially introduced in October
1985 with the Amiga 1000.

It is divided into two parts: the Kickstart

(ROM) and Workbench disks.

It needs only small hardware requirements

and runs on Amiga hardware with a Motorola
68K CCU.
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OS 7
 Intended purpose:
server/mainframe: Only low end
servers can run on this operating system
desktop/workstation: general desktop
and video editing workstations

Hardware Supported:
Motorola 68060, 68040, 68030,
68020, 68000, Motorola/IBM PowerPC

File System:
It can read/write/format: Fast File
System, OFS and FAT.

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OS 8
 Bayanihan Linux

The Bayanihan Linux project started on

October 2001 by the Open Source Group of the
Advanced Science and Technology Institute in
the Philippines.
Aim:
-to provide an alternative desktop
solution for Filipino schools, government
offices and SMEs.

Since it is Linux, it is
FREE.

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OS 9
 System Features:
Based on Debian Linux
Graphical Desktop
Office and other productivity suite
Internet Ready
Multimedia Playback
Educational Applications
Image Editing Tools
Improved support for removable devices
(USB)
Easy to update and upgrade

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OS 10
 Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD)

The first Unix system at Berkeley was a PDP-11

installed in 1974, and the computer science
department used it for extensive research .

First introduced in late 1977 developed at the

Computer System Research Group (CSRG) at the
University of California at Berkeley.

Berkeley's Unix was the first Unix to include

libraries supporting the Internet Protocol.

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OS 11
 Supported File System:
Heirarchial File System
FAT32,VFAT,FAT
UNIX File System
BSD Fast File System
Network File System

BSD variants:
FreeBSD
NetBSD
OpenBSD

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OS 12
 Caldera Linux
It is a defunct Linux distribution that was created by the
former Caldera Systems (now SCO Group) corporation.

It was the early "business oriented distribution" and

foreshadowed the direction of developments that came to
most other distributions and the Linux community.

Features:
Portability
Open development model
Flexible module licensing
Multiple user interfaces (batch processing, QT, Java)
Scripting interface (Python)
Backward compatibility
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OS 13
 Corel Linux
Also called Corel LinuxOS, was a Debian-based
operating system made by Corel that was released in
late 1999.
It did not use the standard KDE file manager. It
instead used its own file manager, CFM. This, along
with other modifications Corel made, meant that
Corel Linux suffered at being incompatible with other
versions of Linux much more so than other
competitors in the industry.
It featured a file manager that was very close in
look and feel to Windows Explorer. The file manager
provided an integrated Windows SMB network
browser.
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OS 14
 Debian Linux

Debian was first announced on 16 August 1993 by Ian

Murdock. Murdock initially called the system "the Debian
Linux Release".
It is a computer operating system composed entirely of
free and open source software. It is known for strict
adherence to the Unix and free software philosophies as
well as using open development and testing processes.
Debian can be used as a desktop as well as server
operating system.
Debian uses the Linux kernel (the core of an operating
system), but most of the basic OS tools come from the
GNU project, hence the name GNU/Linux.

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OS 15
 Linux

It is a freely available multitasking and multi-

user operating system developed by Linus
Torvalds while at Helsinki University in Finland
and further elaborated by a number of
developers throughout the world. It was first
released in September 16, 1991.
It runs on Intel/Cyrix/AMD Pentium, Intel 80x86,
Motorola/IBM PowerPC, Motorola 680x0, Sun
SPARC, SGI MIPS, DEC Alpha, HP PA-RISC, DEC
VAX, ARM, API 1000+ and CL-PS7110.

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OS 16
 Intended Purpose:
-server/mainframe: one of the most
popular small and medium scale server
systems
-desktop/workstation: can be used as a
general desktop system, more
appropriate as a workstation system
-handheld: experimental and hobbyist
only
File System:
-it can read/write/format: ext2fs, extfs,
FAT
-it can read/write: FAT32, VFAT, FFS,
coda, NFS, Minix, Xenixe, UMSDOS,
xiafe30 & SMB

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OS 17
 Mac OS

It is the trademarked name for a series of graphical

user interface-based operating systems developed by
Apple Inc. for their Macintosh line of computer systems,
it was released in 1984 .

File Systems Supported: HFS+, HFS, Pro-DOS, FAT,

FAT32, VFAT, SMB, ISO 9660, hybrid, CD-i, Video CD,
Enhanced CD, Kodak PhotoDisk, audio CD, DVD-Video,
DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD-R/W, DVD-RAM

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OS 18
 Features:
-Sherlock 2 - Which offers the capability of
quickly searching and purchasing online.
-3D acceleration - Support for technologies
such as OpenGL, allowing improved video and
a wider gaming experience.
-Share files - Share files and folders over the
Internet with other Mac users.
-Colorsync 3.0 - Manages color even more
efficiently.
-Synchronize - Synchronizes with Palm
computing products using HotSync software.
-TCP/IP - Provides access to TCP/IP networks.
-Lock System - Ensures that System Folders
and applications do not accidentally get
reconfigured by having the capability of
locking the system. List of
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OS 19
 Mac OS X

It is the successor to the original Mac OS w/c

was released in March 24, 2001

Mac OS X is a Unix-based
It is based on the Mach kernel and is
derived from the Berkeley Software
Distribution (BSD)
Hardware Supported: IBM/Motorola PowerPC
G3 and G4

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OS 20
 File Systems:
Mac OS X
-it can read/write/format:
FAT32 (RW),
VFAT (RW), UFS (RW), DVD-R (RW), DVD-
R/W (RW), DVD-RAM (RW), SMB (RW)

Features:
-Elegant backup via Time Machine
-Finder offers powerful navigation tweaks
Novel workspace
-Integration with Web data and
applications
-Cover Flow visualizes file browsing
-iChat Theater offers green-screen
backgrounds and lets users access each
others' desktops
-Bootcamp List of
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OS 21
 Mandriva Linux

It was formerly known as Mandrake Linux. It is an

operating system created by Mandriva (formerly
Mandrakesoft).

It was originated by Gaël Duval w/c was intended to

focus on ease of use for new users. It was released in
July 1998.

It has product lifetime of Mandriva Linux releases is

18 months for base updates and 12 months for desktop
updates.

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OS 22
 MINIX
It was created by Andrew S. Tanenbaum to be used
for educational purposes w/c was first released in 1987.

It is a Unix-like computer operating system based on a

microkernel architecture.

Its name was derived from the words minimal

and Unix.

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OS 23
 MS-DOS
It is a text-based desktop operating system made by
Microsoft that runs on Intel 80x86.

It was released in 1981 and had eight major versions

released before Microsoft stopped development in 2000.

System environment
-minimum: 512 kbytes RAM, 5 Mbyte harddisk storage
(depends on version for full installation)
- FAT file system
- executable with every x86 compatible CPU
- low RAM and fixed storage disk needs

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OS 24
 OS/2
It is a computer operating system, initially
created by Microsoft and IBM, then later
developed by IBM exclusively.

The name stands for "Operating System/2,"

because it was introduced as part of the same
generation change release as IBM's " Personal
System/2 (PS/2)" line of second-generation
personal computers.

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OS 25
 File Systems
-it can read/write/format: FAT, HPFS,
HPFS386 , JFS , HFS , NTFS, FAT32 ,
VFAT, ext2fs, extfs, NFS, TVFS.

OS/2 is no longer marketed by IBM,

and IBM standard support for OS/2 was
discontinued on 31 December 2006

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OS 26
 It is an operating system developed
by Apple Inc. for the iPhone and iPod
Touch.
4 abstraction layers:

-Core OS layer
-Core Services layer
-Media layer
-Cocoa Touch layer

The operating system takes less than

half a gigabyte (GB) of the device's
total memory storage.

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OS 27
 Red Hat Linux

It was first introduced in November 3,

1994.
It was assembled by the company Red Hat, was a
popular Linux based operating system until its
discontinuation in April 30, 2004.
What makes Red Hat Linux different from most other
versions of Linux or variants of Unix is its affordability and
for the commercial version its documentation, instructions
and help are available.

Fedora replaces the Red Hat

Linux

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OS 28
 SuSE
It is a major operating system where in
the developer rights are owned by Novell,
Inc.

SUSE is also a founding member of the Desktop Linux

Consortium.

S.u.S.E is an acronym for the German

phrase "Software- und System-
Entwicklung" (Software and system
development).

It is the leading Linux desktop for businesses

today.
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OS 29
 It is an operating system designed for mobile
devices, with associated libraries, user interface
frameworks and reference implementations of
common tools, produced by Symbian Ltd.

Symbian was previously owned by Nokia

(56.3%), Ericsson (15.6%), Sony Ericsson
(13.1%), Panasonic (10.5%) and Samsung
(4.5%).
Last June 24, 2008, Nokia announced that they
intended to acquire all shares that they did not
already own.

Symbian OS System Model has the following

layers:
UI Framework Layer
Application Services Layer
OS Services Layer
Base Services Layer
Dec. 13, 2008 Kernel
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List of Engineering
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OS
End
 Tru64 Unix

Tru64 (not True64) which was DUnix short for

Digital Unix and previously called OSF/1 is an
operating system generally used and found on
the digital (Alpha) platforms.

Tru64 primarily designed for medium to large

scale servers and mainframes. However, it can
also be used in workstations.

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OS 31
 Unix
The first Unix system was developed in 1969 by a
programmer so he could run a program called Space
Travel.

Space Travel simulated the movements of the sun

and planets, as well as a spaceship that you could
land in various locations.

The programmer in question was Ken Thompson

who, with various other people at AT&T’s Bell Labs
went on to develop the full-fledge UNIX operating
system.

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OS 32
 File System
Unix File System is a file system used by
many Unix and Unix-like operating
systems w/c is also called the Berkeley
Fast File System, the BSD Fast File
System or FFS. Each file system that is
mounted on a UNIX machine is accessed
through its own block special file.

Security
It has secure selective information
sharing.

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OS 33
 Windows 95
It is a consumer-oriented graphical user interface-based
operating system. It was released on August 24 1995 by
Microsoft

Area of Structure Information

application
- 32-bit operating system, with
- private users 16-bit code
- PC Games - up to 512 Mbyte RAM
- Office application adressable

- network client - file size up to 4 Gbyte

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OS 34
 System Environment
- Minimal hardware requierements: 4 Mbyte
RAM, 50 Mbyte harddisk storage
- Integration of the Internet Explorer 3.0
- supports now FAT32, FAT16, VFAT
- preemptive multitasking for 32-bit programs
- cooperative multitasking for 16-bit programs
-ACPI Power save mode partly supported
- x86 and compatible processors

Features
- plug and play, high number of device
drivers
- high compatibility to DOS, Windows 3.x
- high number of software
- no multiprocessing
- low local/network security
- old system architecture (16-bit software
compatibility)
Dec. 13, 2008 - badly scalable
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35
OS
End
 Windows 98
Its codenamed is
Memphis.

It is a graphical operating system released on 25 June

1998 by Microsoft and the successor to Windows 95

Area of Structure Information

application
- 32-bit operating system, with 16
- home user Bit Code
- PC Games - up to 512 mbyte RAM adressable
- Office use - File size up to 4 gbyte
- network client
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OS 36
 System Environment
- Minimum Hardware Requierements: 16 Mbyte
RAM, 300 Mbyte harddisk storage
- Active Desktop for the Web integration in
Windows
- New driver model WDM (Win32 Driver Model),
developed for the same driver base for Windows
NT and 98 in 1996
- Task planner, time controlled start from
programs
- Maintenance assistant, harddisk maintains
- game interface DirectX 5.0
- multi monitoring Support (up to 4)
- File system FAT16, better use FAT32, access to
NTFS and Linux ext2 file system with 3rd party
tools
- preemptive multitasking for 32-bit applications
- cooperative multitasking for 16-bit programs
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OS 37
 Features
- extended support for the connection to
networks
- integrated Internet Explorer 4.0
- web optimized, networking through VPN
- Internet Connection Sharing (ICS)
- integrated ICM (Image Color Management)
- Plug and play, support for modern hardware
like USB, Firewire IEEE 1394
- high compatibility to DOS, Windows 3.x and
limited NT
- very high number of software and device
drivers

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OS 38
 Windows 2000
It is also referred to as
Win2K.
It is a preemptive, interruptible, graphical and
business-oriented operating system designed to
work with either uniprocessor or symmetric
multi-processor computers.

It is part of the Microsoft Windows NT line of

operating systems and was released on 17
February 2000.

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OS 39
 - different options for Windows start like "safe
mode" and "last as good known configuration"
- supports the display of the desktop on up to 10
monitors
- task planner for time controlled executing of
programmes
- utilities for hard disk like defragmentation and
check on disk errors

- event viewer for protocolling of application,

security and system events
- backup tool for data safety and recovery
- support for local and predefined user accounts,
domain user accounts
- ActiveDirectory directory service available if
client is member in Windows 2000 domain
- New protocols for a secure authentication in the
network are EAP, RADIUS, IPSec, L2TP and BAP

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OS 40
 Windows 2003
It is also referred to as Win2K3 or .NET
Server.
It is a server operating system produced by Microsoft.
Introduced on 24 April 2003 as the successor to
Windows 2000.

Windows Server 2003 Web Edition

- service for the delivery and store of web pages
- till 2 CPU and 2 Gbyte RAM supported
- supports .NET framework, IIS 6, ASP.NET, Network
Load Balancing, IPv6, Distributed File System (DFS),
Encrypting File System (EFS), Shadow Copy Restore,
print services for Unix
- can not be used as domain controller
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OS 41
 Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition
- intended purpose for small medium-sized
enterprises
- till 2 CPU and 4 Gbyte RAM supported
- supports the services of the Web Edition,
extended by enterprise UDDI services, Internet
Authentication services (IAS), removable and
remote storage, Fax service, services for
Macintosh, Remote Installation Services (RIS),
Windows Media Services (WMS), Public Key
Infrastructure (PKI), Certificate Services, Smart
Windows
Card Server
support 2003 Datacenter
and Terminal Services Edition
- intended purpose for highest performance,
availability and scalability
- up to 32 processors and 64 gbyte RAM
- also as 64-bits version available
- same services of the Enterprise Edition but
without Metadirectory Services Support (MMS)
and Internet Connection Firewall, supports
Datacenter Program (DCP)
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OS
End
 Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition
- designed for high requirements
- at least 550 Mhz processor, 256 Mbyte RAM, 2
Gbyte free storage
- up to 8 processors and 32 Gbyte RAM
- support for 8-nodes combined cluster
- also as 64-bit version available
- supports the services of the Standard Edition,
extended by Metadirectory Services Support
(MMS), Terminal Services Session Directory
functions, support for hot-add memory and Non-
Uniform memory access (NUMA)
- Server functions are the role as a file server,
print server, application server (for IIS 6.0,
ASP.NET), mail server (for POP3, SMTP),
terminal server, RAS/VPN server, domain
controller for Active directory, DNS server,
DHCP server, Streaming Media server, WINS
server List of
End
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OS Engineering
43
 Windows CE
It is also known officially as Windows Embedded
Compact. It was introduced in 2006.

Structure Field of application

information - Handhelds and similar mobile
devices
- monolithic kernel - data exchange between stationary
and mobile computers
- dates mobile available, management
of tasks and contacts
Environment
- 32-bit operating system
- SH3, MIPS 39xx and 4xxx, 486, Pentium,
Motorola, PowerPC, ARM/Strong ARM
- 2.5 Mbyte in ROM
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OS
End
 Windows ME
It is a hybrid 16-bit/32-bit graphical operating system
released on 14 September 2000 by Microsoft.

Structure Information
Area of application - supports ACPI, Idle states for
computer
- PC Games - integrated Internet Explorer 5.5
- private users - monolithic kernel
- preemptive multitasking
- network client, - System file protection and
Internet connection system recovery
sharing - automated system processes
- universal Plug and Play (UPnP)

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OS 45
 System Environment
- Minimum Hardware requirements: 32 Mbyte
RAM, 500 Mbyte of free harddisk storage
- up to 512 Mbyte RAM addressable
- FAT-16 or FAT-32 File system
- x86 and compatible processors

Features
- simplified network setup in opposition to the
predecessor
- increased Stability with system recovery and
system file protection
- no 16-bit program code
- Compatibility problems with software for Win9x
and driver software
- no common use of Windows 2000 WDM driver
software with Windows ME
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OS 46
 Windows Mobile

It is a compact operating system combined

with a suite of basic applications for mobile
devices based on the Microsoft Win32 API.

Devices that run Windows Mobile

include Pocket PCs, Smartphones,
Portable Media Centers, and on-board
computers for certain automobiles.

Originally appearing as the Pocket

PC 2000 operating system.

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OS 47
 Windows NT
NT means New
Technology.
It is a family of operating systems
produced by Microsoft, the first version of
which was released in July 1993.

Area of application
- Network Client
- Server
- Office use for office
programs
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OS 48
 System environment
- Time-Sharing system
- File systems: NTFS, FAT-16
- Protocols: NetBEUI, TCP/IP, IPX/SPX, DLC,
AppleTalk

Features
- stable system
- Systemlog for events
- High performance at Office
applications
- High security with current Service
Packs
- bad integration of newest hardware
- no Plug and Play
- no ACPI or direct USB support

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OS 49
 Windows XP
It is a line of operating systems produced by
Microsoft for use on personal computers, including
home and business desktops, notebook computers
and media centers. The name "XP" is short for
"experience".
Windows XP versions:
- Home Edition (1 CPU) for private user (Oct. 2001)
- Professional Edition (2 CPU) for business user (Oct.
2001)
- Media Center (1 CPU) especially for multimedia
devices (Nov. 2002)
- Tablet PC Edition especially for Tablet PCs (Nov.
2002)
- Server Edition (4 CPU)
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OS 50
 Special features of Windows XP -
Professional Edition
-ASR - Automated System Recovery
-Create of offline files
-Backup/recovery function
-User guidelines (Policies)
-User administration (limited in Home Edition)
-File system encrypting (only for NTFS)
-Integration of the PC in a domain
-Integration of dynamic data storage
-Use as a terminal service client
-Use as a NetWare-Client
-Remote connection (desktop sharing)
-Use of multiple monitors
-EFS support in the file system
-Send and received Fax support
-SMP (use of more than one processor)

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OS 51
 Windows Vista

It is a line of operating systems developed by

Microsoft for use on personal computers, including
home and business desktops, laptops, Tablet PCs
and media center PCs.

Windows Vista was known by its codename

Longhorn. Development was completed in
November 8, 2006 and it was released
worldwide in January 30, 2007.

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OS 52
 Windows Vista
Features:
-include a redesigned user interface and visual style, named
Windows Aero
-Windows Explorer's task pane has been removed, integrating the
relevant task options into the toolbar.
-are visually more realistic than illustrative
-Windows Explorer displays the full source and destination path,
size and number of items and the transfer speed in megabytes
per second
-fully revamped interface. Windows Media Player 11
-Windows Vista include User Account Control, Kernel Patch
Protection, BitLocker Drive Encryption, Mandatory Integrity
Control, Digital Rights Management, TCP/IP stack security
improvements, Address Space Layout Randomization and the EFS
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OS 53
 Simulations

The ff. are simulations using Windows XP as

OS.

Just CLICK d PICTURE to

PLAY

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OS 54
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 Thank You

Submitted by:
Ablao, Ervie Mae
Betonio, Jerome
Caasalan, Jeffrey
Singcol, Mark Jacinth
Aia
Tion, Chodelynn

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OS 61