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General
Definition
Air pollution may be defined as the presence
in the air (outdoor atmosphere) of one or
more contaminants or combinations
thereof in such quantities and of such
durations as may be or tend to be
injurious to human, animal or plant life,
or property, or which unreasonably
interferes with the comfortable
enjoyment of life or property or
conduct of business.
Air Pollutant
It is a substance or effect dwelling temporarily or
permanently in the air , which adversely alters the
environment by interfering with the health, the
comfort, or the food chain, or by interfering with the
property values of people.
A pollutant can be solid (large or sub-molecular), liquid
or gas .
It may originate from a natural or anthropogenic source
(or both).
It is estimated that anthropogenic sources have changed
the composition of global air by less than 0.01%.
However, it is widely accepted that even a small change
can have a significant adverse effect on the climate,
ecosystem and species on the planet.
Examples of these are acid rain, ozone in the lower
atmosphere, and photochemical smog.
Comp
dry atmosph
ppmv: parts per million b
Gas V
Nitrogen (N2) 7
Oxygen (O2) 2
N
Pollutant
Carbon M
Index
Value D
Health Effects of Nitrogen
Oxides
• Short-term exposure at concentrations greater than
3 parts per million (ppm) can measurably decrease
lung function.
• Concentrations less than 3 ppm can irritate lungs.
• Concentrations as low as 0.1 ppm cause lung
irritation and measurable decreases in lung function
in asthmatics.
• Long-term lower level exposures can destroy lung
tissue, leading to emphysema.