Philippine Literature

in English

APPRENTICESHIP Period
(1910-1925)

Period 1910-1925
- generally known as the
Apprenticeship (Imitation) Period

-Highlights-
I. Timeline of the Apprenticeship
Period
Literary Institutions founded
Models of Early Filipino Writers

II. Filipino Writers & their
Literary Works and Pieces
III. Points of Literary Criticism

- Manila Capitulation
- schools were reopened by the US
Military Government
- English was first taught as a
subject

Timeline of the Apprenticeship
Period
- became the official
medium of instruction
-The army and their wives were the
first teachers
Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
-Philippine Normal School was
founded
-Thomasites came into our country
- English and American Literature
were introduced
Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period


Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
Thomasites
Army Transport Thomas
-the University of the Philippine was
founded

Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
Models of Early Filipino writers in English
- Washington Irving - Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
- Edgar Allan Poe - James Russell Lowell
- William Shakespeare - Samuel Taylor Coleridge
- Nathaniel Hawthorne - Ralph Waldo Emerson
- Walter Walt Whitman - William Wordsworth
- Geoffrey Chaucer - Milton, Pope, Shelley, Keats
- Henry David Thoreau -Lamb
- Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.

Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
-first issue of UP Folio

UP Folio is a publication that
embodied the early attempts of
Filipino writers in English


Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
Dean S. Fansler
one of the famous early teachers
of English in the country
He discovered our early Filipino
writers in English

Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
Early Filipino writers in English
discovered
by Fansler
a. Godofredo Rivera
b. Francisca Africa
c. Manuel Galledo
d. Nicolas Zafra
e. L.B Uichangco


Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
- a large harvest of literary pieces were
written
Most outstanding Filipino writers
a. Fernando Maramag
b. Maximo M. Kalaw
c. Jorge Bocobo
d. Jose Maria Hernandez
e. Carlos P. Romulo

Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
- Philippine Herald (first filipino
daily) was founded

- American Folklore Society
established the Filipino Popular
Tales

Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
Filipino Popular Tales
- an anthology of literary pieces
composed by Filipino writers

Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period

Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
Preface of the book
Filipino Popular Tales
Sample
Covers
Significant Events that Inaugurated the
Apprenticeship Period
- publication of the Philippine
Magazine (former Philippine Education
Magazine)
- establishment of the Manila Tribune
- Development of markets for
journals and periodicals containing
outputs of Filipino writers
Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
Sample Periodicals
- Graphic
- Womans Outlook
- Womens Home Journal
- a stream of short stories and poems were
produced by Jose G. Villa

Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
- UP Writers Club was founded

- Published Literary Apprentice

most prestigious college literary
publication
Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
1927
- Bureau of Education
Philippine Prose and Poetry
(prescribed high school textbook)
- Free Press
first anthology of Philippine short
stories
Timeline of the Apprenticeship Period
Washington Irving
-was an American author, essayist,
biographer, historian, and diplomat of the early
19th century. He is best known for his short
stories "Rip Van Winkle" (1819) and "The
Legend of Sleepy Hollow" (1820), both of which
appear in his book The Sketch Book of
Geoffrey Crayon, Gent.
Edgar Allan Poe
- known as the Father of English
literature, is widely considered the greatest
English poet of the Middle Ages and was the
first poet to be buried in Poet's Corner of
Westminster Abbey.

William Shakespeare
He is often called England's national poet
and the "Bard of Avon. His extant works,
including some collaborations, consist of about
38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems,
and a few other verses, the authorship of some
of which is uncertain.

Nathaniel Hawthorne
He gained international fame for his
novel THE SCARLET LETTER, a masterpiece of
American literature

Walter "Walt" Whitman
His work was very controversial in its
time, particularly his poetry collection Leaves
of Grass, which was described as obscene for
its overt sexuality.
Henry David Thoreau
He is best known for his book Walden, a
reflection upon simple living in natural
surroundings, and his essay Resistance to
Civil Government (also known as Civil
Disobedience), an argument for disobedience
to an unjust state.

Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.
His most famous prose works are the
"Breakfast-Table" series, which began with The
Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table (1858). He was
also an important medical reformer.

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
He was an American poet and educator
whose works include "Paul Revere's Ride", The
Song of Hiawatha, and Evangeline. He was also
the first American to translate Dante Alighieri's
The Divine Comedy and was one of the five
Fireside Poets.

,, Milton, Pope, , Shelley, Keats, Byron, Coleridge, Lamb and a host of other lesser American and
English writers. These were the writers who stimulated
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (February 27,
1807 March 24, 1882) was an American poet
and educator whose works include "Paul
Revere's Ride", The Song of Hiawatha, and
Evangeline. He was also the first American to
translate Dante Alighieri's The Divine Comedy
and was one of the five Fireside Poets.
James Russell Lowell
He is associated with the Fireside Poets,
a group of New England writers who were
among the first American poets who rivaled
the popularity of British poets.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
was an English poet, literary critic and
philosopher who, with his friend William
Wordsworth, was a founder of the Romantic
Movement in England and a member of the Lake
Poets. He wrote the poems The Rime of the
Ancient Mariner and Kubla Khan, as well as the
major prose work Biographia Literaria.
William Wordsworth
His most famous work, The Prelude
(1850), is considered by many to be the
crowning achievement of English
romanticism.
Ralph Waldo Emerson
he wrote the poem "Good-Bye. In
1832, he became a Transcendentalist,
leading to the later essays "Self-Reliance"
and "The American Scholar."
Washington Irving
Notable Works:
"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
The Sketch Book of Geoffrey
Crayon, Gent.

Edgar Allan Poe



He was an American author, poet, editor,
and literary critic, considered part of the
American Romantic Movement.

William Shakespeare

He was an English poet, playwright and
actor, widely regarded as the greatest
writer in the English language and the
world's pre-eminent dramatist.

Some of his works were Hamlet,
Romeo and Juliet and
A Midsummer Night's Dream.

Nathaniel Hawthorne


He gained international fame
for his novel THE SCARLET
LETTER, a masterpiece of
American literature

Walter "Walt" Whitman


Whitman is among the most
influential poets in the American
canon, often called the father
of free verse.

Geoffrey Chaucer


He was known as the Father of English
literature,is widely considered the
greatest English poet of the Middle
Ages and was the first poet to be
buried in Poet's Corner of Westminster
Abbey.

Henry David Thoreau

Was an American author, poet,
philosopher,
polymath, abolitionist, naturalist, tax
resister, development critic, surveyor,
historian, and leading transcendentalist
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.

His most famous prose works are the
"Breakfast-Table" series, which began
with The Autocrat of the Breakfast-
Table (1858). He was also an important
medical reformer.

Short Story
Dead Stars
-the most significant short story
produced.
Poetry
Sursum Surda
- the first known Philippine poem
in English
Rodolfo Dato
-edited the first Anthoogy of
Philippine poems in English
Plays
The Radiant Symbol (1925)
Daughters for Sale (1924)
The Husbands of Mrs. Cruz

Drama
Dramatic scripts managed to be
written.
The drama suffered from public
apathy.



Novels
- the early novels in English were
clumsy in the handling of language and
showed poor literary craftsmanship.

Child Of Sorrow
-the first Filipino novel in English













III. Points of Literary Criticism



- Blindly imitative of American and
English writers
- Lack of artistic discipline
- too much attention to the
fundamentals of the new language






III. Points of Literary Criticism







III. Points of Literary Criticism




- lost of intellectual and emotional
restraints in writing
- amateur or too much floridness in
expression








III. Points of Literary Criticism



Thanks
!
reported by:

-Mikee Sta. Ana
Angela Toribio