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Step Conceptualizing a
research design
2
The research design
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The Definition of research design
The research design is a plan, structure and strategy of
investigation so conceived as to obtain answers to research
questions or problems. The plan is the complete scheme or
program of the research. It includes an outline of what the
investigator will do from writing the hypotheses and their
operational implications to the final analysis of data.
(Kerlinger)
A traditional research design is a blue print or detailed plan
for how a research study is to be completed-
operationalizing variables so they can be measured,
selecting a sample of interest to study, collecting data to be
used as basis for testing hypotheses, and analyzing the
results. (Thyer)

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Factors affecting the relationship between a counseling service and the
extend of marital problem
Type of
counseling service

Study population
Extent of
Marital problem
Extraneous variables
Self realization
Change in economic condition
Change in employment status
Birth of child
Pressure of friends, relatives
Involvement in another relationship

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Research design
Name the study design
Who will constitute Study population
How ill study population be identified
Will a sample or whole population be selected
How will it be contacted
What method of data collection will be used and why?
Where will be responses be returned?
How should responded contact you in case of queries?
In case of interview, where will they be conducted


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Purpose of the
study

Exploration
Description
Hypothesis
testing



Types of
investigation

Causal relation
Correlation
Group difference



Researcher
interference

Minimal
manipulation
simulation



Study setting


Contrived

Non contrived





Measurement
And measures

Operational definition
Items
Scaling
Categorizing
coding


Unit of
Analysis


Individuals
Dyads
Groups
Organization
Machines
Sampling design


Probability
Non probability
Sample size

Time horizon



B&A
One shot
Longitudinal
Data collection
method

Interviewing
questionnaire
observation


P
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m

s
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a
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e
m
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Details of study Measurement
D
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a

a
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The research design
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Types of study design
Reference period
Number of
contacts
Nature of
investigation
cross-sectional
studies
Longitudinal
studies
Before and after
studies
Retrospective
prospective
Experimental
Non
experimental
Smi
experimental
one
Three / more
Two
Retrospective
prospective
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The experimental study design
The after only study
design
The before and after
design
The control design
The double control
design
The comparative
design
The placebo design


If a relationship is
studied starting from
the cause to establish
the effect.
Involves the
researcher to
introduce the
intervention that is
assumed to be the
cause of a change,
and waiting until it
has produced a
change
Types
Definition
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Questions
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