Wind Solar Hybrid Generation

System with MPPT implementation

Mirza Fahad Baig 51
Tabish Imtiaz 57
Ali Shazan Gulrez 56
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Brief Overview
Introduction

Wind Generation System

Solar Generating System

Hybrid System Configuration

System Model

MPPT algorithms

Conclusion
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Introduction
A windPV hybrid generation system can offer higher
reliability to maintain continuous power output than any
other individual power generation systems. In those remote
or isolated areas, the stand-alone windPV hybrid
generation system is particularly valuable and attractive.
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Wind power generating system
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Photovoltaic Generating System
Solar energy is directly converted to electricity by the PV panels
and then controlled by a Boost Converter for the MPPT. This
PV power generation branch processes the merits of simple
structure and uncomplicated control.
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Hybrid System Configuration
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The hybrid system utilizes the battery tank and inverter to couple
the wind power and PV power branches.

The PV power can directly be used for dc field excitation of the
doubly excited PM generator.

Both subsystem of the hybrid generation system can
independently be controlled, hence achieving the MPPT
simultaneously.

The wind power and the PV power will complement one another
to some extent between day and night.
Salient Features
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System Models
MPPT for Wind power Generation Branch


: Wind power conversion efficiency factor
: wind speed : air density : blade pitch angle
: TSR
: angular speed of shaft
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Taking into account the transmission losses
If TSR takes specific value of
and =0
is maximized as and is kept constant
The only variable is
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Generator speed Vs Rectifier output
power
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For given efficiency maximum power can be determined by
According to chain rule
: rectifier output voltage : Electrical angular speed of generator
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Rectifier voltage is directly proportional to phase voltage
Thus
and
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For doubly excited PM brushless machine, its output voltage can
be regulated by simple tuning dc field current
: Electrochemical Coefficient : flux linkage
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DC field current control
The H bridge circuit functions to provide bi directional control of dc
field current
The amplitude of field current can easily be regulated by adjusting
the duty cycle
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Maximum Power Point Tracking
Initialization
Measure Vrin
Vrin > Vmax
Vrin<Vmin
Activate S1 & S4
Measure
Vro and Iro
Vro>Vrin
Activate S2
& S3
Measure
Vro & Iro
Calculate
Power
D1=D0 + del D
D0=D1
Measure Vr1 &
Ir1, Calculate
P1=Vr1xIr1
P1>P0
P1
Del D= del D
P0=P1
Del D= -del D
P0=P1
yes no
no
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System model of solar branch
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I-V characteristics of PV panel
It is observed that when the voltage increases, current goes down
Hence maximum power point occurs at corner point.
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Boost Converter
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Boost converter takes the input voltage from photovoltaic panels and
convert it to a voltage high enough for inverter to convert it to AC.

By varying the duty cycle of Boost Converter Maximum power tracking
can be achieved. The duty cycle of the Boost Converter is digitally
adjusted so as that it always tracks the MPP.
Boost Converter operation
MPPT implementation: Perturb and
Observe method
Measure Vpv(t)
and Ipv(t)
Calculate
Ppv = Vpv * Ipv
Ppv > 0
Ppv = Ppv(t) -
Ppv(t-1)
Increase Boost
Duty cycle
Increase in
Boost Duty
cycle?
Increase in
Boost Duty
cycle?
yes no
Decrease Boost
Duty Cycle
yes no yes
Increase Boost
Duty cycle
Decrease Boost
Duty Cycle
no
Save Previous Data:
Ppv(t-1) = Ppv(t)
D(t-1) = D(t)
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Advantages
PM brushless machine used has higher efficiencies than induction
generator

The doubly fed generator provides precise control and easy
implementation of MPPT .

Cost wise its economical than individual system of same potential.
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Conclusions
The paper proposes a new stand alone wind PV hybrid generating system.

The system can fully utilize the characteristics of proposed wind
generator and PV panels to extract maximum power

The MPPT of doubly excited PM brushless generator is achieved by
online tuning its dc field current

The MPPT of PV panels is achieved by online tuning the duty cycle of the
Boost converter.
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References
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[1] S. Bruce, Y. B. Li, J. Z. Jiang, and S. Niu, Design and control of a
PM brushless hybrid generator for wind power application, International
journal of Industrial Power Electronics. vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 232-236 Oct. 2006.

[2] L. Jian, and K. T. Chau, A magnetic-geared outer-rotor permanent-
magnet brushless machine for wind power generation, IJSRP., vol. 5, no. 3,
pp. 5462, May/Jun. 2009.

[3] Chunhua Liu, K.T. Chau and Xiadong Zhang, An efficient Wind-
Photovoltaic Hybrid Generation System Using Doubly Excited Permanent
Magnet Brushless Machine, IEEE Trans on Industrial Electronics. vol .57,
no. 3, pp. 831-839, March 2010.
Thank You
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