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Capacity Management 3G Network
For internal use
1 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Outline


Introduction
Capacity Areas in UTRAN
1.
2.
3.
4.
Air Interface
WBTS HW Resourses
RNC
Transport IuB
Iu Monitoring



Iu-CS
Iu-PS
Iu-R
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2 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Introduction
WCDMA network interfaces and internal resources should be monitored
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3 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Introduction
The various measurement were used to identify the capacity issues and
their negative impact on accessibility (CSSR) of the various RABs:
1.
2.
3.
CS speech (AMR)
PS data (R99)
HSPA data
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4 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Capacity Areas in UTRAN
Essential to monitor the available resources in UTRAN
Capacity from initial dimensioning phase may no be sufficient in some
cases
Marketing campaigns lead to higher resource utilization
Capacity bottlenecks impact the call setup success rates
(CSSR)
Mobile user perceives poor setup success rates directly
With these measurements, network capacity can be
monitored in a proactive mode
Capacity upgrades can be triggered taking into account existing lead
times HW units, internal procedures like planning or implementation
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5 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Capacity Areas in UTRAN
During call set-up [RRC, RAB] several resource areas are checked and
physical / logical resources allocated.
Air Interface
WBTS HW Resources Transport RNC
1 Radio
resources
UL interference
DL transmisson power
DL Codes
3
DMCU
allocation
1a Code
resources
DSP processing
RLC/MAC
IuB
(N*) E1 capacity / AAL2
FSP/ WSP capacity
2 WBTS resources
4 Iub resources
(transmission)
For internal use
(Channel Elements)
6 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

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7 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Call Setup Success Rate - CSSR
CSSR for a specific service is calculated the following way:
RRC part RAB part
For RAB setup & access phase we can distinguish various
failure causes:
Failures due to UE
are not related to capacity issues in the
network
related to UE problems
ACCESS PHASE:
due to UE
due to RNC
SETUP PHASE:
due to AC
due to BTS
due to Transport
due to RNC
due to Frozen BTS
due to AAL2 iuB, License, AAL2 IuCS, anchoring, UE
capabilities, not supp. params

CSSR
any service
= RRC connection setup & access X RAB setup & access
any service

Decision criteria
No
Accesibility < 99%
Yes
Radio
resources
Channel
elements
Transport
resources
RNC internal
resources
Cell OK
Additional KPI check & optimization (if necessary)
Lack of
Iub resources
Lack of
Radio Resoures
Lack of
Channel Elements
Lack of
RNC resources
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8 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Failures due to
RNC >1%
Failures due to
TRANS >1%
Failures due to
BTS >1%
Failures due to
AC >1%
AMR accessibility
PS R99 accessibility
HSPA accessibility
RAB setup failures
1. Admission Control (AC) failures RADIO
Indicates lack of radio resources:
DL power
Measurement of PtxTotal, transmission power of NonHSDPA, HSDPA etc.
UL interference
Measurement of
Measurement of


RSSI
PrxTotal and PrxNoise
DL channelization codes:
Channelization code occupancy (min, max, avg)
Channelization code blocking rate
HSDPA code usage
HSDPA code downgrades
Rejection rate in downlink and uplink (SRB, AMR, CS data, PS data)
due to congestion
Common channel load (RACH, FACH, PCH) typically not a problem






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9 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
RAB setup failures
1. Admission Control (AC) failures RADIO

High non-
HSPA load
DL power UL interference Channelization
codes
High non-
HSPA load
High DL load
High chan. Code
utilization
High UL
interference/load
External
Interference Yes
Posible to reduce
R99 usage?
Yes
No
Posible to
reduce the
code usage?
Yes Posible to
optimize
throughput?
No
No
Upgrade Upgrade
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nd

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Max_Code Occupancy >95%;
Avg_Code Occupancy >80%
Marginal Load Time Share UL > 50%
Overload Time Share UL> 2%
Average UL R99 Load > PrxTarget
R99 power >> HSDPA power
Spread. Code Blocking Rate in DL
>5%;
SFxx Blocking Rate high
Noise floor of the System
>-90dBm
Marginal Load Time Share DL > 50%
Overload Time Share DL> 2%
Average DL R99 Load > PtxTarget
Failures due to
AC >1%
AMR accessibility
PS R99 accessibility
RAB setup failures
1a. HSDPA accessibility

1.
Indicates problems for access of HS-DSCH (HSDPA access failure rate):
Due to UL DCH


Problems of return UL return channel
Related to R99 radio resources
2. Due to TOO MANY HSDPA USERS


Licence limit 48 users HSDPA license upgrade to 64 users
R99 is selected, which can cause capacity problem in use of radio
resources Check radio resources for R99
If licence upgrade is not sufficient,
is an option
the Dedicated HSDPA scheduler
3.
4.
5.
Due
Due
Due
to
to
to
BTS (channel elements)
Iub (transmission)
RNC
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11 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
RAB setup failures
1a. HSDPA accesibility
HSDPA
accessibilit
y < 99%
Radio related issues
Others
Go to
TRANSPORT
failures
DCH Selected
due to too many
HSDPA users
> 0.5%
Go to
BTS failures
Problem in
R99 ?
Go to
RNC failures
1. HSDPA 64 users
License upgrade
OR LATER
Go to
RADIO
Resoures
2. HSDPA Dedicated
Scheduler upgrade
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12 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
HSDPA Access
FR due to RNC
HSDPA Access
FR due to BTS
HSDPA Access
FR due to Iub
HSDPA Access FR
due to UL DCH
RAB setup failures
2. BTS failures
Fast
Indicates lack of WBTS
baseband resources = channel
elements (CE):
Measurement of available CEs
(min, max, avg)
CE utilization

Measurement of usage of
In UL, DL (min, max, avg)
Per service
CEs: High CE utilization


CE usage
can be
reduced?
Yes
No
WBTS HW upgrade
(system module)
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13 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
AVG_CE_USAGE > 80%
MAX_CE_USAGE >95%
Failures due to
BTS >1%
RAB setup failures
3. RNC failures Fast
Indicates lack of RNC internal
resources
DSP Service Statistics
Measurement
DSP Resource Utilisation
Measurements
DSP State Change Measurements
DSP Load Measurements
Iub, IuCS, IuPS throughput
DSP load


High DSP load



RNC HW upgrade
Traffic load
measurement at RNC
High Iu Traffic
RNC Interface
capacity upgrade
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14 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
RNC_Traffic Load:
Iub Traffic Load
IuCS Traffic Load
IuPS Traffic Load
RNC_Unit Load:
AVG_Load >80%
MAX_Load >95%
Failures due to
RNC >1%
RAB setup failures
4. Transport failures
Fast
Iub Reservations
Indicates lack of transport resources
Traffic load measurements


Average VCC Ingress/Egress utilisation
Average VPC Ingress/Egress utilisation
CAC reservations
Allocated Average Capacity of CBR VCC
Allocated Capacity per ATM VCC (cps)
AAL2 connection reservation success rate
Number of AAL2 Connections
Average AAL2 connection utilisation
Max_AAL2_connections (248 max)
Max_AAL2_connections_HSPDA
Shared HSDPA AAL2 allocation
utilisation
High Iub load




Yes
Posible to
reduce Iub
utilization?

Yes



No

Iub upgrade
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15 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
AVG_UP_CAC Reservation > 80%
Peak_UP_CAC Reservation >90%
Failures due to
TRANS/AAL2 Iub >1%
Additional tasks
Even if all the capacity issues would be resolved,
accessibility can not be expected
the 100%
RF optimization (e.g. overshooting cells)



Propagation delay measurements
CQI measurements
RSCP, Ec/Io measurements
Mobility optimization
Soft handover
Inter-system handover
Failures due to UEs can not be avoid
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16 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Iu Monitoring
The scope of this presentation is RNC interfaces monitoring
using measurements in the RNC and in the BTS
Iu-CS
Iub MGW
RNC
BTS
Iu-PS
SGSN
Iur
RNC
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Content
AAL2 CAC measurements
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18 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
1. ATM load measurements
ATM Load Measurements - Overview
ATM Load Measurements in RNC



Virtual Path Connection (VPC)
Virtual Circuit Connection (VCC)
ATM interface
Virtual channel
Virtual path
AAL2
connection
Virtual path
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19 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
A
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ATM VPC and VCC Measurements
ATM VPC/VCC measurements count cells per VPC/VCC during measurement
period
Up to 1024 VPCs and all VCCs (RU10 onwards) can be measured per RNC at the
same time
Enables calculating average throughput over the measurement period
Configured capacity
Measurement period
Actual traffic
Measured average traffic
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20 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
Cells/period
ATM VPC and VCC Measurements


Iu-CS, Iu-PS and Iur can be measured as well
Use of ingress and egress counters


Iub in downlink direction is measured using egress counters
Iu-PS in downlink direction is measured using ingress counters
Egress
direction
Ingress
direction
Iu-CS
Iub MGW
RNC
BTS
Iu-PS
SGSN
Iur
RNC
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21 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
ATM Interface Measurement
ATM interface utilization and traffic
per service category CBR, UBR and
UBR+
Virtual channel
The ATM interface level
measurement is relevant if you have
unshaped VPCs with UBR+ VCCs
inside and the sum of VCC PCRs
exceeds the interface capacity
Otherwise the ATM CAC and/or
VCC/VPC configuration will prevent
overload possibility
Potentially useful for Iu if IuPS and
IuCS are on their own NIS cards.
Virtual path
AAL2
connection
Virtual path

For internal use
22 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
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Content
ATM load measurements
For internal use
23 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date
2. AAL2 CAC measurements
RNC AAL2 Connection Admission Control
Bandwidth requirement is affected by


ALC parameters, ALC set (for DCCH), Activity factors
Delay requirement, loss tolerance
connection
connection
ATM
VCC
PCR
Done for common channels, SRB, RT DCH, NRT DCH, Streaming HSDPA
and SharedHSDPAAllocation
VCC bundle is a special case

For internal use
24 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

AAL2 reservation
for existing
connections
New
New
up to this
requiring
capacity
this much
would fit in
capacity

would be
blocked

or internal use
Summary
RAN capacity monitoring processes are focused on the
following interfaces and network elements:





Radio Interface capacity WBTS power, code tree
Iub capacity Transmission capacity
Node B capacity WBTS Base
RNC processing capacity
band processing capacity
Iu-CS, Iu-PS and Iur traffic
-Unit load
25 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date

Monitoring / Interface

Proactive Monitoring

Reactive Monitoring

Air Interface

-BTS power DL/UL
-Channelisation code utilisation
-S-CCPCH & PRACH load

-Setup failure due to AC
-Service rejection ratio
-Code blocking
-RB downgrade/release

Iub Interface

-Iub traffic load
-Resource reservation

-Setup failure due to
transmission
-Resource reservation success
rate

HW Channel Element

-CE utilisation

-Setup failure due to BTS

RNC Capacity

-RNC traffic load

-Setup failure due to RNC

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Thank You!
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26 Nokia Siemens Networks Presentation / Author / Date