PLANTS

Biology book Ch 19, 23,

24, 25, 26

1
 INTRO TO PLANTS

• Plants are complex multicellular

autotrophs
• They have specialized cells and
tissues

2
 INTRO TO PLANTS

• Vascular tissue
– Transport water and dissolved
nutrients
• Cell walls
– Composed of cellulose – a complex
carbohydrate

3
 INTRO TO PLANTS

• Plants cannot move from place to

place
• Must have portable reproductive
structures
– Such as spores and seeds, enable
dispersal of plants

4
 INTRO TO PLANTS

• Autotrophs – plants are the

primary producers in most
terrestrial food webs

5
 Intro to plants

• Release oxygen gas to the

atmosphere
• Cycle phosphorus, water, nitrogen
and carbon
•

6
 Intro to plants

• Plants are sources of food for

humans and other animals
• Also used for medicines, dyes,
cloth, paper and other products
•

7
 Intro to plants

• Vary in size from 1mm duckweed

to Giant Sequoia 216 feet (90 M)

8
 Kinds of plants

• 4 basic kinds of plants

– Differ because of the type of
vascular tissue and reproductive
structures

9
 1. Non-vascular plants

• Plants without well developed

vascular tissue
• Small
• Lack tissue to transport water and
dissolved nutrients
• Lack true roots, stems and leaves

10
 1. Non-vascular plants

• Ex) Mosses, liverworts, hornworts

•

11
2.Seedless vascular plants

• Have roots, stems and leaves

• Surface coated with a waxy
covering that reduces water loss
• Reproduce with spores that are
resistant to drying
• Both haploid and diploid phases
occupy a significant part of life
cycle
12
2.Seedless vascular plants

• Ex) Ferns, club mosses, horsetail,

whisk fern

13
 3. Non-flowering seed
plants
• Gymnosperms
– Reproduce using seeds but do not
produce flowers
– Produce seeds in cones
• Seeds enable plants to scatter
offspring and survive long periods
of harsh environmental conditions
– Drought and extreme temperature

14
 3. Non-flowering seed
plants
• Ex) Pines and spruces

15
4. Flowering seed plants

• Angiosperms
– Roses, grasses, oaks
– Produce seeds in fruits
• Enables dispersal of seeds

16
4. Flowering seed plants

17
 2 kinds of Angiosperms

• Monocots
– 1 seed leaf
(cotyledon)
– Parts in

multiples of

3
– Long narrow
leaves with
parallel veins
18
 2 kinds of Angiosperms

• Dicots
– 2 seed leaves
– Flower parts in
multiples of
2,4, or 5
– Leaves have
branching
veins

19
Comparing Monocots and
Dicots

20
Parts of a
Flower